Inkcazo yezinto eziyinxalenye yeTransformer

Ewe, ndingakunceda ngaloo nto. Nantsi inqaku elenziwe ngokungacwangciswanga ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zakho:

Inkcazo yezinto eziyinxalenye yeTransformer

Iitransformer zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zombane, zinceda ekudluliseni nasekusasazeni amandla ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuqonda izinto ezahlukeneyo zetransformer kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwayo ngokufanelekileyo. Kweli nqaku, siza kuhlola izinto ezibalulekileyo zetransformer kunye nendima yazo ekuququzeleleni ukudluliselwa kwamandla ombane.

Iiwindings eziphambili nezesibini

Ii-windings eziphambili nezesibini zizinto ezibalulekileyo ze-transformer. I-windings ephambili licala lokufaka le-transformer, apho amandla ombane anikezelwa khona ekuqaleni. Iqulathe uthotho lwee-coils ezijikelezwe kumbindi we-transformer. I-winding yesibini, kwelinye icala, licala lokukhupha le-transformer, apho amandla ombane aguquliweyo anikezelwa khona. Njenge-winding yokuqala, i-winding yesibini ikwaquka iseti yee-coils ezijikelezwe kumbindi. Inani lee-turns kwi-windings eziphambili nezesibini limisela umlinganiselo we-voltage phakathi kwamacala okufaka kunye nawokukhupha e-transformer.

Ii-windings eziphambili nezesibini zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuguqulweni kwamandla ombane. Xa umsinga otshintshanayo udlula kwi-windings yokuqala, ubangela i-magnetic field eyahlukileyo embindini we-transformer. Le magnetic field eyahlukileyo, nayo, ivelisa amandla e-electromotive kwi-winding yesibini, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuguqulweni kwe-voltage yombane kunye nomsinga.

Isiseko seTransformer

I-transformer core yenye into ebalulekileyo enceda ukudluliselwa kwamandla ombane. Ngokwesiqhelo yenziwe ngezinto ze-ferromagnetic ezifana nentsimbi okanye intsimbi, ezinendawo ephezulu yokungena kwemagnethi. I-core ibonelela ngendlela engaphantsi yokungafuni ukuhamba kwemagnethi eveliswa yi-primary winding, evumela ukudluliselwa kwamandla ngokufanelekileyo kwi-secondary winding.

Uyilo kunye nokwakhiwa kwe-transformer core kubalulekile ekunciphiseni ukulahleka kwamandla kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Ii-cores zihlala zakhiwa ngamaphepha e-laminated e-ferromagnetic material ukunciphisa i-eddy currents kunye nokulahleka kwe-hysteresis. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba i-transformer isebenza kakuhle kakhulu, inciphisa ukuchithwa kwamandla kunye nokuveliswa kobushushu.

Izixhobo zokukhusela ubushushu

Izinto zokukhusela zisetyenziselwa ukwahlula nokukhusela izinto ezahlukeneyo ze-transformer, ezifana nee-windings kunye ne-core. Ezi zinto zibalulekile ekuthinteleni ukuvuza kombane nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwe-transformer. Izinto zokukhusela eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswa kwii-transformer ziquka iphepha, umqhaphu, kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo zokwenziwa ezinika amandla aphezulu e-dielectric kunye nozinzo lobushushu.

Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokukhusela umbane kubalulekile ekumiseleni ukusebenza kunye nobude bexesha le-transformer. Ukukhusela umbane okusemgangathweni ophezulu kunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokonakala kombane kwaye kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kwe-transformer kwixesha layo lobomi. Ukongeza, ukuthintela umbane ngokufanelekileyo kunciphisa amathuba okuba kubekho ii-short circuits kunye nezinye iimpazamo zombane, nto leyo ephucula ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-transformer.

Thepha iTshintsho

I-tap changer luphawu olufumaneka kwii-transformers ezininzi oluvumela ukulungiswa kwe-turns ratio ye-transformer. Oku kwenza ukuba i-voltage ratio phakathi kwe-primary windings kunye ne-secondary windings iguqulwe, nto leyo enika ukuguquguquka ekuzivumelaniseni notshintsho kwinethiwekhi yombane. I-tap changer zisetyenziswa rhoqo kwii-power distribution transformers ukulawula i-voltage output ngokuphendula kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zomthwalo.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zezitshintshi zetaphu: izitshintshi zetaphu ezikwi-load (OLTC) kunye nezitshintshi zetaphu ezingasebenziyo (OCTC). Ii-OLTC zivumela ukuba kwenziwe uhlengahlengiso ngelixa i-transformer inikwe amandla, nto leyo evumela utshintsho olungenamthungo kwi-voltage output ngaphandle kokuphazamisa umbane. Ii-OCTC, kwelinye icala, zifuna ukuba i-transformer incitshiswe amandla ngexesha lenkqubo yokucofa. Uhlobo lwe-tap changer esetyenziswayo luxhomekeke kwiimfuno ezithile zenethiwekhi yombane kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-transformer.

I-Buchholz Relay

I-Buchholz relay sisixhobo esikhuselayo esihlala sifakwa kwii-transformers ezizaliswe yioyile ukuze zibone kwaye ziphendule kwiimpazamo zangaphakathi. Isebenza ngokujonga ukuhamba kweoyile ngaphakathi kwi-transformer kwaye ibone iimeko ezingaqhelekanga ezifana nokuba khona kwegesi okanye utshintsho olukhawulezileyo loxinzelelo. Xa kufunyenwe ezi zinto zingaqhelekanga, i-relay iqala isignali yokuhamba ukuze ikhuphe i-transformer kwinethiwekhi yombane, ithintele umonakalo ongakumbi kwaye iqinisekise ukhuseleko lwenkqubo.

I-Buchholz relay luphawu olubalulekileyo lokhuseleko kwiitransformer ezizaliswe yioyile, ibonelela ngokubona kwangethuba iziphene ezinokubakho kwaye inceda ekuthinteleni ukungaphumeleli okubi. Ukukwazi kwayo ukuphendula kwiziphene eziqalayo kunye nokuqokelelwa kwegesi kuyenza ibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuthembeka nokusebenza kakuhle kwetransformer.

Ngamafutshane, izinto ezikwi-transformer zisebenza kunye ukuze kube lula ukudluliselwa kwamandla ombane ngokufanelekileyo. Ukusuka kwii-windings eziphambili nezesibini ukuya kwi-core ye-transformer, izinto zokukhusela, izinto zokutshintsha i-tap, kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela ezifana ne-Buchholz relay, into nganye idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okuthembekileyo nokukhuselekileyo kwe-transformer. Ukuqonda ezi zinto kubalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kunye nobude bexesha le-transformer kwiinkqubo zombane.