Uyilo olutsha kwiTekhnoloji yoGcino lwaMandla eBhetri

Uyilo olutsha kwiTekhnoloji yoGcino lwaMandla eBhetri

Intshayelelo

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imfuno yeenkqubo zokugcina amandla ebhetri (i-BESS) iyanda ngokukhawuleza. Oku kunyuka kwemfuno kubangelwa ikakhulu yimfuno ekhulayo yezisombululo zamandla ezithembekileyo nezizinzileyo. Ngenxa yoko, abaphandi kunye nososayensi kwihlabathi liphela benze inkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo kwitekhnoloji ye-BESS. Eli nqaku liphonononga izinto ezintsha ezinomdla eziye zaguqula iinkqubo zokugcina amandla ebhetri.

Uphuhliso lwebhetri yeLithium-Ion

Iibhetri zeLithium-ion ziye zaba ngumgangatho wokugcina amandla ngenxa yobuninzi bazo bamandla, ubomi obude bomjikelo, kunye neempawu zokhuseleko. Nangona kunjalo, imizamo yophando nophuhliso igxile ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwazo ngakumbi. Izazinzulu bezihlola iinkalo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukuphucula amandla, ukunciphisa ixesha lokutshaja, kunye nokwandisa ubomi bezi bhetri.

Enye yezinto eziphawulekayo kukungeniswa kwee-silicon anodes kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion. I-Silicon inamandla okugcina amandla amaninzi xa ithelekiswa nee-graphite anodes ezisetyenziswa ngokwesiko. Ukunqoba imingeni enxulumene nokwandiswa ngexesha lokutshaja nokukhupha iibhetri, abaphandi bafake ngempumelelo ii-silicon anodes, nto leyo enyusa uxinano lwamandla kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30%.

Iibhetri zeSolid-State

Iibhetri ze-Solid-state ziye zavela njengendlela ethembisayo endaweni yeebhetri ze-lithium-ion ezisekelwe kulwelo. Ezi bhetri zithatha indawo ye-electrolyte yolwelo nge-electrolyte ye-solid-state, zisusa umngcipheko wokuvuza kwaye ziphucula ukhuseleko. Iibhetri ze-Solid-state zikwabonelela ngobuninzi bamandla kunye nokukwazi ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza.

Impumelelo ebalulekileyo kubuchwepheshe bebhetri ye-solid-state kukuphuhliswa kwee-electrolytes eziqinileyo ezisekelwe kwi-sulfide. Olu tshintsho luye lwavumela ukuqhutywa kwee-ion okuzinzileyo nokusebenzayo ngaphakathi kwebhetri, okukhokelela ekusebenzeni ngcono. Ukongeza, abaphandi bebehlola izixhobo ezintsha ze-solid electrolyte ezifana ne-lithium garnet, ebonisa ukuqhutywa okuphezulu kwe-ionic, nto leyo ephucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kakuhle kweebhetri ze-solid-state.

Iibhetri Zokuhamba Kweebhatri kunye neebhetri Zokuhamba Kweebhatri zeRedox

Iibhetri zokuhamba ziluhlobo olulodwa lwenkqubo yokugcina amandla esebenzisa ii-electrolytes ezingamanzi ezigcinwe kwiitanki zangaphandle. Ezi bhetri zibonelela ngokuguquguquka, ubomi bomjikelo omde, kunye nokukwazi ukwahlula amandla kunye nomthamo wamandla. Iibhetri zokuhamba kwe-Redox, uhlobo oluthile lweebhetri zokuhamba, zifumene ingqalelo enkulu ngenxa yokukwazi kwazo ukugcina amandla amaninzi kwixesha elide.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kwenziwe inkqubela phambili enkulu ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza kweebhetri zokuhamba. Abaphandi bebegxile ekuphuculeni uxinano lwamandla kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zizonke zezi nkqubo. Ukungeniswa kwezinto ze-membrane eziphambili ezine-proton conductivity ephezulu kunye nokukhetha kwe-ion kukhokelele ekuphuhlisweni kwamandla kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Ngaphezu koko, ukuphononongwa kwezibini ze-redox eziphilayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezininzi nezizinzileyo kwenze iibhetri zokuhamba zihamba kakuhle ngokwezoqoqosho.

Iinkqubo zoLawulo lweeBhetri ezikrelekrele

Ukuphucula ukusebenza kunye nobomi beenkqubo zokugcina amandla ebhetri kufuna iinkqubo zolawulo lwebhetri ezisebenzayo (i-BMS). I-BMS idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekujongeni nasekulawuleni iiparameter ezahlukeneyo ezifana nemeko yokutshaja, imeko yempilo, ubushushu, kunye ne-voltage.

Uphuhliso lwakutshanje kwitekhnoloji ye-BMS luye lwaphumela kwiinkqubo ezikrelekrele neziphucukileyo. Ezi nkqubo zisebenzisa ii-algorithms eziphambili kunye nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa ukuhlalutya idatha yokusebenza kwebhetri ngexesha langempela. Ngokuhlala zihlengahlengisa amaqhinga okutshaja nokukhupha ibhetri ngokusekelwe kwimpendulo yebhetri, i-BMS ekrelekrele iqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye yandisa ubomi bebhetri. Ukongeza, ezi nkqubo zikwavumela ukujonga nokuchonga okukude, okuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuthembeka kweenkqubo zokugcina amandla ebhetri.

Izicelo zokurisayikilisha kunye nezicelo zoBomi beSibini

Ukulahlwa kwenkunkuma yebhetri yingxaki ekhulayo kwindalo esingqongileyo. Ukujongana nalo mceli mngeni, abaphandi bebegxile ekuphuhliseni iindlela ezisebenzayo zokuphinda kusetyenziswe izixhobo zokugcina amandla ebhetri. Ezi ndlela zijolise ekufumaneni izinto ezixabisekileyo ezifana ne-lithium, i-cobalt, kunye ne-nickel ngelixa zinciphisa impembelelo kwindalo esingqongileyo.

Ngaphezu koko, usetyenziso lwesibini lobomi lufumene ingqalelo njengesisombululo esinokwenzeka sokwandisa ubomi beebhetri. Emva kokusetyenziswa kwazo kwiinkqubo zokugcina amandla, iibhetri zisenokufumana usetyenziso kwezinye iindawo, ezifana nokugcinwa kwamandla endlu okanye izikhululo zokutshaja izithuthi zombane. Ngokusebenzisa iibhetri kwakhona, le ndlela ayinciphisi nje kuphela inkunkuma kodwa ikwaphucula ixabiso kunye nokuzinza kweenkqubo zokugcina amandla ebhetri.

Isiphelo

Utshintsho kwitekhnoloji yeenkqubo zokugcina amandla ebhetri luvule indlela yekamva lamandla elizinzileyo nelisebenzayo. Uphuhliso kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion, iibhetri ezisemgangathweni oqinileyo, iibhetri zokuhamba, iinkqubo zolawulo lwebhetri ezikrelekrele, kunye neendlela zokuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto ziye zaphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kunye nozinzo lwezi nkqubo. Njengoko uphando luqhubeka, sinokulindela uphuhliso olunomdla ngakumbi oluya kuqhuba ukukhula kunye nokwamkelwa kweenkqubo zokugcina amandla ebhetri kwihlabathi liphela.