Ubuchwepheshe Bokugcina Amandla Ebhethri

Ubuchwepheshe Bokugcina Amandla Ebhethri

Isingeniso

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, isidingo sezinhlelo zokugcina amandla ebhethri (i-BESS) siye sanda ngokushesha. Lokhu kwanda kwesidingo kubangelwa kakhulu yisidingo esikhulayo sezixazululo zamandla ezithembekile nezisimeme. Ngenxa yalokho, abacwaningi nososayensi emhlabeni wonke benze intuthuko enkulu kubuchwepheshe be-BESS. Lesi sihloko sihlola izinto ezintsha ezijabulisayo ezishintshe izinhlelo zokugcina amandla ebhethri.

Ukuthuthukiswa Kwebhethri Le-Lithium-Ion

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion aseyindinganiso yokugcina amandla ngenxa yokuminyana kwawo kwamandla amaningi, impilo yomjikelezo omude, kanye nezici zokuphepha. Kodwa-ke, imizamo yocwaningo nentuthuko igxile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwawo. Ososayensi bebehlola izici ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuthuthukisa umthamo, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokushaja, kanye nokwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwala mabhethri.

Enye yentuthuko ephawulekayo ukwethulwa kwama-silicon anode kumabhethri e-lithium-ion. I-Silicon inamandla okugcina amandla amaningi kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nama-graphite anode asetshenziswa ngokwesiko. Ukunqoba izinselele ezihlobene nokwanda ngesikhathi sokushaja nokukhipha imijikelezo, abacwaningi bafake ngempumelelo ama-silicon anode, okwandisa ubuningi bamandla amabhethri e-lithium-ion ngamaphesenti afinyelela ku-30.

Amabhethri Esimo Esiqinile

Amabhethri e-Solid-state avele njengendlela ethembisayo esikhundleni samabhethri e-lithium-ion asekelwe kuketshezi. Lawa mabhethri athatha indawo ye-liquid electrolyte nge-solid-state electrolyte, esusa ingozi yokuvuza futhi athuthukise ukuphepha. Amabhethri e-Solid-state nawo anikeza amandla amaningi kanye namakhono okushaja ngokushesha.

Intuthuko ebalulekile kubuchwepheshe bebhethri lesimo esiqinile ukuthuthukiswa kwama-electrolyte aqinile asekelwe ku-sulfide. Lokhu kusungulwa kuvumele ukuqhutshwa kwama-ion okuzinzile nokusebenza kahle ngaphakathi kwebhethri, okuholele ekusebenzeni okuthuthukisiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi bebehlola izinto ezintsha ze-electrolyte eziqinile njenge-lithium garnet, ekhombisa ukuqhutshwa okuphezulu kwe-ionic, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamabhethri esimo esiqinile.

Amabhethri Okugeleza kanye namabhethri Okugeleza e-Redox

Amabhethri okugeleza awuhlobo oluhlukile lwesistimu yokugcina amandla esebenzisa ama-electrolyte agciniwe emathangini angaphandle. Lawa mabhethri anikeza ukusabalala, impilo yomjikelezo omude, kanye nekhono lokuhlukanisa amandla kanye nomthamo wamandla. Amabhethri okugeleza e-Redox, uhlobo oluthile lwamabhethri okugeleza, athole ukunakwa okukhulu ngenxa yamandla awo okugcina amandla amaningi isikhathi eside.

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kwenziwe intuthuko enkulu ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza kwamabhethri okugeleza. Abacwaningi bebegxile ekuthuthukiseni ubuningi bamandla nokunciphisa izindleko eziphelele zalezi zinhlelo. Ukwethulwa kwezinto ezithuthukisiwe ze-membrane ezine-proton conductivity ephezulu kanye nokukhetha kwama-ion kuholele ekukhiqizweni kwamandla okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokusebenza kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa kwemibhangqwana ye-redox yemvelo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto eziningi nezisimeme kwenze amabhethri okugeleza asebenza kahle ngokwezomnotho.

Izinhlelo Zokuphatha Ibhethri Ezihlakaniphile

Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kanye nesikhathi sokuphila kwezinhlelo zokugcina amandla ebhethri kudinga izinhlelo zokuphatha amabhethri ezisebenzayo (i-BMS). I-BMS idlala indima ebalulekile ekuqapheni nasekulawuleni amapharamitha ahlukahlukene njengesimo sokushaja, isimo sempilo, izinga lokushisa, kanye ne-voltage.

Intuthuko yakamuva kwezobuchwepheshe be-BMS iholele ezinhlelweni ezihlakaniphile neziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Lezi zinhlelo zisebenzisa ama-algorithms athuthukile kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa ukuhlaziya idatha yokusebenza kwebhethri ngesikhathi sangempela. Ngokushintsha njalo amasu okushaja nokukhipha ibhethri ngokusekelwe empendulweni yebhethri, i-BMS ehlakaniphile iqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kakhulu futhi yandisa impilo yebhethri. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinhlelo zivumela nokuqapha nokuxilonga okukude, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuthembeka kwezinhlelo zokugcina amandla ebhethri.

Izicelo Zokusebenzisa Kabusha kanye Nezokuphila Kwesibili

Ukulahlwa kwemfucuza yebhethri kuyinkinga ekhulayo emvelweni. Ukuze kuxazululwe le nselele, abacwaningi bebegxile ekuthuthukiseni izindlela zokuvuselela kabusha ezisebenzayo zezinhlelo zokugcina amandla ebhethri. Lezi zindlela zihlose ukubuyisa izinto ezibalulekile njenge-lithium, i-cobalt, ne-nickel ngenkathi zinciphisa umthelela emvelweni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo zokusebenza zesibili zitholwe ukunakwa njengesixazululo esingaba khona sokwandisa isikhathi sokuphila samabhethri. Ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwawo ezinhlelweni zokugcina amandla, amabhethri asengazithola izinhlelo zokusebenza kwezinye izindawo, njengokugcina amandla ekhaya noma iziteshi zokushaja izimoto zikagesi. Ngokusebenzisa kabusha amabhethri, le ndlela ayigcini nje ngokunciphisa imfucuza kodwa futhi ikhulisa inani kanye nokusimama kwezinhlelo zokugcina amandla ebhethri.

Isiphetho

Ukusungula izinto ezintsha kubuchwepheshe besistimu yokugcina amandla ebhethri kuvule indlela yekusasa lamandla elizinzile nelisebenza kahle. Intuthuko kumabhethri e-lithium-ion, amabhethri e-solid-state, amabhethri okugeleza, izinhlelo zokuphatha amabhethri ezihlakaniphile, kanye nezindlela zokuvuselela kabusha kuthuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza kanye nokusimama kwalezi zinhlelo. Njengoba ucwaningo luqhubeka, singalindela intuthuko ethokozisayo kakhulu ezoqhubekisela phambili ukukhula nokwamukelwa kwezinhlelo zokugcina amandla ebhethri emhlabeni jikelele.