Iinkqubo zoKhuselo lweTransformer: Isishwankathelo

I-transformer yinxalenye ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yamandla, kwaye kubalulekile ukuphumeza iinkqubo zokukhusela ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo okukhuselekileyo nokuthembekileyo. Iindlela zokukhusela i-transformer zenzelwe ukubona nokuphendula kwiimeko zokusebenza ezingaqhelekanga, ezinje ngokugqithisela kakhulu, ii-short circuits, kunye nokungaphumeleli kokufakelwa kwe-insulation, ukuze kuthintelwe umonakalo wezixhobo kunye nexesha lokungasebenzi kwenkqubo yamandla. Kweli nqaku, siza kubonelela ngesishwankathelo seendlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhusela i-transformer ezisetyenziswa kushishino, kubandakanya imigaqo yazo, izixhobo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo.

Ukhuseleko Lokwahluka

Ukhuseleko lokwahluka lolunye lwezona nkqubo zixhaphakileyo nezisetyenziswa kakhulu zokukhusela i-transformer. Lusebenza ngokomgaqo wokuthelekisa ukungena nokuphuma komsinga we-transformer. Ukuba kukho isiphene kwindawo ekhuselweyo, umsinga awuyi kulinganisela, kwaye i-differential relay iya kusebenza ukuze ikhubeke i-transformer. Ukhuseleko lokwahluka lubonelela ngovakalelo oluphezulu kwiziphene zangaphakathi kwaye alunazo iimpazamo zokugqitha kunye nokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle. Luhlala lusetyenziswa kwii-transformer ezinkulu zamandla kwaye lusebenza kakuhle ekufumaneni iziphene eziqalayo kunye nokusilela kokufakelwa.

Ukhuseleko lweBuchholz

I-Buchholz relay sisixhobo sokukhusela esikhethekileyo esifakwe kwimibhobho ephakathi kwetanki ye-transformer kunye ne-conservator. Yenzelwe ukubona iimpazamo eziqalayo ezifana nokwaphuka kwe-insulation, ukufudumala kakhulu, kunye nokuba khona komoya okanye igesi kwi-oyile ye-transformer. I-relay isebenza ngokomgaqo wokuhamba kwegesi kunye neoyile ngenxa yempazamo yangaphakathi. Xa kuvela impazamo, igesi iveliswa ngaphakathi kwetanki ye-transformer, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ukuhamba kweoyile kushukumise i-float kwi-relay, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-transformer ikhubeke. Ukhuseleko lwe-Buchholz lusebenza ngokukodwa ekufumaneni iimpazamo kwii-transformer ezintywilisiweyo kwioyile kwaye yindlela engabizi kakhulu yokuthintela ukungaphumeleli kwe-transformer eyingozi.

Ukhuseleko olugqithisileyo

Ukhuseleko olugqithisileyo luyinkqubo esisiseko esetyenziselwa ukukhusela iitransformer kwimithwalo enzima kunye neesekethe ezimfutshane. Isebenza ngokujonga umbane ohamba ngee-transformer windings kunye nokukhubeka kwi-circuit breaker ukuba umbane udlula umda omiselweyo. Ukhuseleko olugqithisileyo lunokusetyenziswa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo, ezifana neerelay ezigqithisileyo, iirelay ze-elektroniki, kunye neenkqubo zokukhusela zedijithali. Kubalulekile ukukhusela iitransformer kumonakalo wobushushu obangelwa kukugqithisa ixesha elide kunye neempazamo zesekethe emfutshane.

Ukubeka iliso kwiGesi kunye nobushushu

Ukubeka iliso kwigesi kunye nobushushu yinto ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni i-transformer, njengoko inika isilumkiso kwangethuba malunga neempazamo zangaphakathi kunye nokonakala kwe-insulation. Ukubeka iliso kwigesi kubandakanya ukufumanisa kunye nohlalutyo lweegesi eziveliswa kwi-oyile ye-transformer ngenxa yokuxinana, ukufudumala, kunye nokwaphuka kwe-insulation. Iigesi eziqhelekileyo ze-fault ziquka i-methane, i-ethylene, kunye ne-hydrogen, ezibonisa iintlobo ezithile ze-fault. Ukubeka iliso kubushushu, kwelinye icala, kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwee-sensors ukulinganisa ubushushu be-windings ye-transformer kunye ne-oyile. Ukunyuka kobushushu okungaqhelekanga kunokubonisa impazamo yangaphakathi okanye imeko yokuxinana, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukuqalisa izenzo zokukhusela ezifana nokubhengeza i-alamu okanye ukukhubeka.

Ukhuseleko lokushushuluza kakhulu

Ukhuseleko lokufutha ngamandla luyilelwe ukukhusela ii-transformers kumanqanaba aphezulu e-magnetic flux anokukhokelela ekugcwaleni kwe-core kunye nokushisa kakhulu. Ukufutha ngamandla kunokwenzeka ngexesha lokuphazamiseka kwenkqubo, ukunikwa amandla kwee-transformers ezingafakwanga, okanye phantsi kweemeko zamandla aphantsi. Inkqubo yokukhusela idla ngokubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-overflux relay ezinikeleyo elinganisa i-voltage kunye ne-current waveforms kwi-terminals ze-transformer kwaye iphazamise i-transformer ukuba amanqanaba e-flux adlula imida evumelekileyo. Ukhuseleko lokufutha ngamandla lubalulekile ekuthinteleni umonakalo oyintloko kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwexesha elide kwe-transformer.

Ngamafutshane, izicwangciso zokukhusela iitransformer zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo kweetransformer zamandla. Ukhuseleko oluhlukileyo, ukhuseleko lweBuchholz, ukhuseleko olugqithisileyo, ukujonga igesi kunye nobushushu, kunye nokhuseleko olugqithisileyo zimizekelo embalwa yezicwangciso ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo zokukhusela iitransformer. Isicwangciso ngasinye sinemigaqo yaso eyahlukileyo, izixhobo, kunye nezicelo, kwaye zisebenza kunye ukubonelela ngokhuseleko olupheleleyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zeziphene. Ngokusebenzisa izicwangciso zokukhusela ezifanelekileyo, iinkonzo kunye nezakhiwo zoshishino zinokunciphisa umngcipheko wokusilela kweetransformer kwaye ziphucule ukuqina kweenkqubo zazo zamandla.