Izinhlelo Zokuvikela Ama-Transformer: Ukubuka Konke

I-transformer iyisici esibalulekile ohlelweni lwamandla, futhi kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokuvikela ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo okuphephile nokuthembekile. Izinhlelo zokuvikela i-transformer zenzelwe ukuthola nokusabela ezimweni zokusebenza ezingavamile, njengokugcwala ngokweqile, amasekethe amafushane, kanye nokwehluleka kokufakelwa, ukuze kuvinjelwe umonakalo wemishini kanye nesikhathi sokungasebenzi kohlelo lwamandla. Kulesi sihloko, sizonikeza umbono jikelele wezinhlelo ezahlukene zokuvikela i-transformer ezisetshenziswa embonini, okuhlanganisa izimiso zazo, amadivayisi, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza.

Ukuvikelwa Kokuhluka

Ukuvikelwa kokwehluka kungenye yezinhlelo ezivame kakhulu nezisetshenziswa kabanzi zokuvikela i-transformer. Isebenza ngesimiso sokuqhathanisa ukungena nokuphuma kwamandla kagesi kuma-transformer windings. Uma kukhona iphutha ngaphakathi kwendawo evikelwe, amandla kagesi azobe engalingani, futhi i-differential relay izosebenza ukuze ikhubeke ku-transformer. Ukuvikelwa kokwehluka kunikeza ukuzwela okuphezulu kumaphutha angaphakathi futhi akuvikelwe kumaphutha adlulayo kanye nokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle. Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa kuma-transformer amakhulu futhi kusebenza kahle ekutholeni amaphutha okuqala kanye nokwehluleka kokufakwa kokushisa.

Ukuvikelwa kweBuchholz

I-Buchholz relay iyithuluzi lokuvikela elikhethekile elifakwe epayipini eliphakathi kwethangi le-transformer kanye ne-conservator. Yakhelwe ukuthola amaphutha okuqala njengokuphazamiseka kokushisa, ukushisa ngokweqile, kanye nokuba khona komoya noma igesi ngaphakathi kwamafutha e-transformer. I-relay isebenza ngesimiso sokugeleza kwegesi namafutha ngenxa yephutha langaphakathi. Uma kwenzeka iphutha, igesi ikhiqizwa ngaphakathi kwethangi le-transformer, okubangela ukuthi ukugeleza kwamafutha kushukumise i-float ku-relay, okube sekuphazamisa i-transformer. Ukuvikelwa kwe-Buchholz kusebenza kahle kakhulu ekutholeni amaphutha kuma-transformer acwiliswe ku-oyela futhi kuyindlela engabizi kakhulu yokuvimbela ukwehluleka kwe-transformer okubi kakhulu.

Ukuvikelwa Kokugeleza Komsinga

Ukuvikelwa kokusebenzisa ugesi ngokweqile kuyisu eliyisisekelo elisetshenziselwa ukuvikela ama-transformer ekugcwaleni ngokweqile kanye nama-short circuit. Kusebenza ngokuqapha ugesi ogeleza kuma-windings e-transformer kanye nokukhubeka kwe-circuit breaker uma ugesi udlula umkhawulo ochazwe ngaphambilini. Ukuvikelwa kokusebenzisa ugesi ngokweqile kungasetshenziswa kusetshenziswa amadivayisi ahlukahlukene, njenge-overcurrent relay, i-electronic relay, kanye nezinhlelo zokuvikela zedijithali. Kubalulekile ukuvikela ama-transformer ekulimaleni kokushisa okubangelwa ukulayisha ngokweqile isikhathi eside kanye namaphutha e-short-circuit.

Ukuqapha Igesi Nokushisa

Ukuqapha igesi kanye nokushisa kuyisici esibalulekile sokuvikela i-transformer, njengoba kunikeza isixwayiso kusenesikhathi ngamaphutha angaphakathi kanye nokuwohloka kokushisa. Ukuqapha igesi kuhilela ukuthola nokuhlaziya amagesi akhiqizwa ngaphakathi kukawoyela we-transformer ngenxa yokugoba, ukushisa ngokweqile, kanye nokuwohloka kokushisa. Amagesi avamile okushisa afaka i-methane, i-ethylene, ne-hydrogen, okubonisa izinhlobo ezithile zamaphutha. Ukuqapha izinga lokushisa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwezinzwa ukukala izinga lokushisa lama-windings e-transformer kanye namafutha. Ukunyuka kwezinga lokushisa okungavamile kungabonisa iphutha langaphakathi noma isimo sokulayisha ngokweqile, futhi kungasetshenziswa ukuqala izenzo zokuzivikela njengokumemezela i-alamu noma ukukhubeka.

Ukuvikelwa Kokugeleza Okudlulele

Ukuvikelwa kokusebenzisa i-overflux kuklanyelwe ukuvikela ama-transformer emazingeni aphezulu okudonsa amandla kagesi okungaholela ekugcwaleni kwe-core kanye nokushisa ngokweqile. Ukudonsa ngamandla kagesi kungenzeka ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka kwesistimu, ukunikezwa amandla kwama-transformer angalayishwanga, noma ngaphansi kwezimo zamandla aphansi. Uhlelo lokuvikela luvame ukuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwe-overflux relay ezinikele elinganisa ama-voltage kanye nama-current waveforms kuma-terminals e-transformer futhi iphazamise i-transformer uma amazinga okudonsa kagesi edlula imikhawulo evunyelwe. Ukuvikelwa kokusebenzisa i-overflux kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni umonakalo we-core kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwesikhathi eside kwe-transformer.

Ngamafuphi, izinhlelo zokuvikela i-transformer zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okuphephile nokuphumelelayo kwama-transformer kagesi. Ukuvikelwa okuhlukile, ukuvikelwa kwe-Buchholz, ukuvikelwa kokushisa ngokweqile, ukuqapha igesi kanye nokushisa, kanye nokuvikelwa kokushisa ngokweqile kumane kuyizibonelo ezimbalwa zezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene ezitholakalayo zokuvikela i-transformer. Uhlelo ngalunye lunezimiso zalo ezihlukile, amadivayisi, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza, futhi zisebenza ndawonye ukuhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okuphelele ezimweni ezahlukahlukene zamaphutha. Ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokuvikela ezifanele, izinsiza kanye nezindawo zezimboni kunganciphisa ingozi yokwehluleka kwe-transformer futhi kuthuthukise ukuqina kwezinhlelo zabo zamandla.