Ukuqonda Izixhobo zoMbane zeTransformer Box kunye neMisebenzi

Intshayelelo:

Iitransformer zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zamandla ombane zanamhlanje, zivumela amanqanaba ombane ukuba anyuswe okanye ehliswe ngokufanelekileyo ukuze kudluliselwe kwaye kusasazwe. Ngaphakathi kwitransformer, izinto ezahlukeneyo zombane zisebenza kunye ukuze kube lula ukuhamba kwamandla ombane. Ukuqonda ezi zinto kunye nemisebenzi yazo kubalulekile ukuze kuqondwe ukusebenza okuntsonkothileyo kweetransformer. Kweli nqaku, siza kuhlola izinto eziphambili zombane zebhokisi yetransformer size sihlolisise imisebenzi yazo, sikhanyise ukusebenza kwangaphakathi kwezi zixhobo zimangalisayo.

I-Core kunye ne-Windings

Ngaphakathi kwi-transformer, umbindi kunye nee-windings zizinto ezimbini ezibalulekileyo ezenza kube lula inkqubo yokudluliselwa kwamandla. Umbindi, odla ngokwenziwa ngezinto ezivumela ukuba amandla angene kakhulu njengentsimbi elaminethiweyo, ubonelela ngendlela yokujikeleza kwamandla emagnethi. Ugcina ii-windings zisendaweni kwaye uqinisekisa ukuba kukho ukudibana okuphezulu kwemagnethi. Ngaphezu koko, umbindi unciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla okubangelwa yimisinga ye-eddy.

Iiwindings, ezenziwe zii-conductors ezigqunyiweyo, zinoxanduva lokuthwala umsinga wombane. Kwi-transformer, kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeewindings: iiwindings zokuqala kunye neewindings zesibini. Iiwindings eziphambili ziqhagamshela kumthombo wamandla ombane, ngelixa iiwindings zesibini zihambisa i-voltage ephumayo kumthwalo. Umlinganiselo wenani lokujika phakathi kweewindings zeprayimari kunye nezesibini umisela amandla e-voltage okunyuka okanye ukuhla kwe-voltage ye-transformer. I-insulation enkulu isetyenziswa kwiiwindings ukuthintela ii-short circuits kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kombane.

Thepha iTshintsho

Izitshintshi zetaphu zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwiitransformer ukulungisa umlinganiselo wokujika nokulawula i-voltage yokuphuma. Ezi zixhobo zivumela iitransformer ukuba zilungelelanise neemeko zenkqubo ezitshintshayo kwaye zigcine amanqanaba e-voltage ngaphakathi kwemida eyamkelekileyo. Isitshintshi setaphu sidla ngokuba kufutshane nee-windings kwaye siquka iswitshi yokukhetha kunye nee-taps ezininzi.

Iswitshi yokukhetha, esebenza ngesandla okanye ngokuzenzekelayo, iqhagamshela itephu oyifunayo kwi-winding. Itephu nganye imele indawo eyahlukileyo apho uqhagamshelo lombane kunye ne-winding lwenziwa khona. Ngokutshintsha indawo yetephu, inani leenguqu kunye nomlinganiselo we-voltage zinokuguqulwa, okuvumela uhlengahlengiso lwe-voltage ukuba luhambelane neemfuno zomthwalo kunye neemfuno zenkqubo. Izitshintshi zetephu ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye zinegalelo kuzinzo lwe-voltage kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, ekugqibeleni ziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwenethiwekhi yombane.

Iibhushi

Ii-bushings zizinto ezibalulekileyo ezibonelela ngobushushu bombane kunye nenkxaso ebonakalayo kwiindawo apho ii-conductors zidlula khona kwindawo ebiyelweyo ye-transformer. Ezi zixhobo zokukhusela zidibanisa ii-conductors zangaphakathi kwimigca yamandla yangaphandle ngendlela ekhuselekileyo nekhuselekileyo. Ii-bushings zihlala zenziwe nge-porcelain okanye izinto ezidityanisiweyo ezinamandla aphezulu e-dielectric.

Indima ephambili yee-bushings kukuthintela ukukhutshwa kombane kunye nokugcina i-insulation efanelekileyo. Zibonelela ngomqobo phakathi kwee-conductors ze-high-voltage kunye nezinto zesinyithi ezisekelwe kwi-transformer. Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo, ii-bushings zivavanyelwa nzima ukuqinisekisa iimpawu zazo ze-insulation kunye nokuqina kokusingqongileyo. Ii-bushings eziyilwe kakuhle kwaye zigcinwe kakuhle zibalulekile ekugcineni ukuthembeka kunye nokhuseleko lwee-transformers.

Inkqubo yokupholisa

Iinkqubo zokupholisa kwiitransformer zinoxanduva lokuphelisa ubushushu obuveliswayo ngexesha lokusebenza kunye nokugcina amanqanaba obushushu afanelekileyo. Ubushushu obugqithisileyo bunokuchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwetransformer kunye nobomi bayo, okunokukhokelela ekuqhekekeni kobushushu okanye ukusilela okukhulu. Ke ngoko, iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokupholisa ziyafuneka ukuze kulondolozwe impilo yetransformer.

Iitransformer zisebenzisa iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokupholisa: ukupholisa kwendalo kunye nokupholisa ngokunyanzelekileyo. Ukupholisa kwendalo kusebenzisa umoya ojikelezileyo ukukhupha ubushushu ngetanki yetransformer kunye neeradiyetha. Kwelinye icala, ukupholisa ngokunyanzelekileyo kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweefeni zokupholisa okanye iimpompo ukujikeleza umoya okanye i-coolant ngetransformer. Inkqubo yokupholisa ingabandakanya nemibhobho yeoyile okanye yamanzi yokuthutha ubushushu ukusuka embindini kunye nee-windings.

Ukukhetha indlela efanelekileyo yokupholisa kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nobukhulu betransformer, iimfuno zokusebenza, kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo. Inkqubo yokupholisa iqinisekisa ukuba iitransformer zisebenza ngaphakathi kwemida yobushushu, zigcina ukuthembeka kwazo kwaye zandisa ubomi bazo bokusebenza.

Izixhobo zokukhusela

Izixhobo zokukhusela zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwiitransformer, ezithintela umonakalo obangelwa ziimpazamo, ukugqithisa kakhulu, kunye neemeko ezingaqhelekanga. Ezi zixhobo zinceda ekugcineni ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo nokuthembekileyo ngokufumanisa nokwahlula ngokukhawuleza iindawo ezineempazamo zetransformer okanye ukususa itransformer kwinethiwekhi.

Esinye sezixhobo eziphambili zokukhusela kwiitransformer yiBuchholz relay. Xa ifakwe phakathi kwetanki yetransformer kunye neconservator, iBuchholz relay ibona iimpazamo zangaphakathi, ezinje ngokusilela kokufakelwa okanye ii-short circuits ngaphakathi kwetransformer. Xa amaqamza egesi okanye eoyile aveliswa yimpazamo ehamba nge-relay, ibangela isignali yokuhamba ukuze ikhuphe itransformer kwinkqubo kwaye isebenze i-alamu ukuze ilumkise abaqhubi.

Ukongeza, izixhobo zokukhusela umbane ogqithisileyo, ezifana neefusi kunye nee-circuit breakers, zikhusela ii-transformers kwi-currents ezigqithisileyo ezinokonakalisa ii-windings okanye zibangele ingozi yomlilo. Ezi zixhobo ziphazamisa i-electrical circuit xa umbane udlula imida ebekiweyo, nto leyo ethintela umonakalo ongakumbi kwi-transformer.

Isiphelo:

Iitransformer zizixhobo ezintsonkothileyo apho izinto ezahlukeneyo zombane zisebenza kakuhle ukuhambisa amandla ombane ukusuka kwinqanaba elinye le-voltage ukuya kwelinye. I-core kunye ne-windings zibonelela ngezinto ezibalulekileyo eziqhubayo kunye ne-magnetic, ngelixa izinto ezitshintsha i-tap ziqinisekisa ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwe-voltage. Ii-bushings ziqinisekisa ukufakelwa kombane kunye noqhagamshelo olukhuselekileyo, ngelixa iinkqubo zokupholisa zigcina ubushushu obufanelekileyo bokusebenza. Okokugqibela, izixhobo zokukhusela zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni ukhuseleko lokusebenza kunye nokukhusela i-transformer kwiimpazamo kunye nokugqithisa.

Ukuqonda imisebenzi yezi zinto ngaphakathi kwi-transformer kusenza sikwazi ukuxabisa ubunjineli obuntsonkothileyo obubandakanyeka kuyilo kunye nokusebenza kwazo. Ukusebenza kakuhle nokuthembekileyo kwee-transformer kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo uzinzo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweenkqubo zethu zamandla ombane. Ngokuhlola izinto kunye nemisebenzi yee-transformers, sifumana ukuqonda okunzulu ngokubaluleka kwazo kwiinethiwekhi zanamhlanje zokusasaza amandla.