Ingcaciso eneenkcukacha zephepha lesinyithi le-silicon yetransformer!

Siyazi ukuba i-transformer yokwenyani isebenza rhoqo kwimeko ye-AC, kwaye ukulahleka kwamandla akupheleli nje ekuxhathiseni kwekhoyili, kodwa nakwi-iron core phantsi kwe-magnetization ye-alternating current. Ukulahleka kwamandla kwi-iron core kudla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-"iron loss". Ukulahleka kwe-iron kubangelwa zizizathu ezibini, enye yi-"hysteresis loss" kwaye enye yi-"eddy current loss".

Ukulahleka kwe-hysteresis kukulahleka kwesinyithi okubangelwa yi-hysteresis phenomenon ngexesha lenkqubo yemagnetization ye-iron core. Ubungakanani bokulahleka oku buhambelana nobukhulu bendawo evalelwe yi-hysteresis loop yezinto. I-hysteresis loop ye-silicon steel incinci, kwaye i-hysteresis hysteresis ye-iron core ye-transformer incinci, nto leyo enokunciphisa kakhulu izinga lokuveliswa kobushushu.

Ekubeni intsimbi yesilicon inezi nzuzo zingasentla, kutheni ungasebenzisi lonke iqhekeza lentsimbi yesilicon njengesiseko sentsimbi, kodwa uyicubungule ibe ziiflakes? Oku kungenxa yokuba isiseko setship sinokunciphisa olunye uhlobo lokulahleka kwentsimbi - "ukulahleka kwe-eddy current".

Xa i-transformer isebenza, kukho umsinga otshintshanayo kwikhoyili, kwaye umsinga wemagnethi owuvelisayo uyatshintshana. Olu tshintsho lwemagnethi lubangela umsinga kwisiseko sesinyithi. Umsinga obangelwayo oveliswa kwisiseko sesinyithi ujikeleza kwiplane ngokuthe nkqo kwicala le-flux yemagnethi, ngoko ke ubizwa ngokuba ngumsinga we-eddy.

Ukulahleka kombane we-Eddy nako kuyawufudumeza umongo. Ukuze kuncitshiswe ukulahleka kombane we-eddy, umongo wesinyithi we-transformer wenziwe ngamashiti esinyithi e-silicon agqunywe ngobushushu obuvela komnye komnye, ukuze umsinga we-eddy udlule kwicandelo elincinci elinqamlezileyo kwiluphu emxinwa nende ukuze kwandiswe ukumelana kwindlela yombane we-eddy; kwangaxeshanye, i-silicon kwisinyithi se-silicon yenza ukuba ukuxhathisa kwezinto kunyuke, nto leyo ekwasebenza ekunciphiseni imisinga ye-eddy.

Kwisiseko sentsimbi se-transformer, kusetyenziswa ishiti yesinyithi ye-silicon eqengqelekayo ebandayo enobukhulu obuyi-0.35mm. Ngokwesayizi yesiseko sesinyithi esifunekayo, isikwa ibe yinxalenye ende, ize idityaniswe ibe yimo "yosuku" okanye "yomlomo". Ngokwethiyori, ukuze kuncitshiswe umsinga we-eddy, okukhona ubukhulu beshiti yesinyithi ye-silicon buncipha kwaye okukhona ishiti edibeneyo incipha, kokukhona isiphumo siba ngcono. Oku akunciphisi kuphela ukulahleka komsinga we-eddy kunye nokunyuka kobushushu, kodwa kukwasindisa nezinto ezisetyenziselwa amaphepha esinyithi e-silicon.

Kodwa eneneni xa kusenziwa isiseko sesinyithi se-silicon steel sheet. Asikuko kuphela oku kulungileyo okukhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, kuba ukuveliswa kwesiseko sesinyithi kuya kwandisa kakhulu ixesha lomsebenzi kwaye kunciphise ukusebenza kakuhle kwesiseko sesinyithi. Ke ngoko, xa sisebenzisa amaphepha esinyithi e-silicon ukwenza ii-transformer cores, kufuneka siqhubeke kwimeko ethile, silinganise izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga, size sikhethe ubungakanani obufanelekileyo.

Iitransformer zenziwa ngokomgaqo wokungenisa amandla kagesi. Kukho iiwindings ezimbini, i-primary winding, kunye ne-secondary winding, ezibotshiweyo kumlenze ophakathi ovaliweyo. Xa i-primary winding ingekho kwi-AC power supply voltage. Kukho i-alternating current kwiqela lokuqala leRao, kwaye i-magnetic potential iyasekwa, kwaye i-alternating main magnetic flux iveliswa kwi-iron core phantsi kwesenzo se-magnetic potential.

Ngokuphathelele ukuba kutheni inokunyuswa, kwaye ivalwe? Emva koko kufuneka ichazwe ngumthetho kaLenz. I-magnetic flux eveliswa yi-induced current ihlala ithintela utshintsho lwe-circular magnetic flux. Xa i-original magnetic flux isanda, i-magnetic flux eveliswa yi-induced current ichasene ne-original magnetic flux, oko kukuthi, eyesibini. I-induced magnetic flux eveliswa yi-winding ichasene ne-main magnetic flux eveliswa yi-primary winding, ngoko ke kuvela i-low-level alternating voltage kwi-secondary winding. Ke ngoko, i-iron core yinxalenye yesekethe ye-magnetic ye-transformer.

Ishidi lesinyithi lesilicon

Ishiti yesinyithi yesilicon yokusetyenziswa kombane yaziwa kakhulu ngokuba yishiti yesinyithi yesilicon okanye ishiti yesinyithi yesilicon. Njengoko igama lisitsho, yintsimbi yesilicon yombane enomxholo wesilicon ofikelela kwi-0.8%-4.8%, eyenziwa ngokuqengqeleka okushushu nokubandayo. Ngokubanzi, ubukhulu bungaphantsi kwe-1mm, ngoko ke kuthiwa yipleyiti encinci. Ngokubanzi, ishiti yesinyithi yesilicon ikwicandelo lepleyiti, kwaye lisebe elizimeleyo ngenxa yenjongo yalo ekhethekileyo. Ishiti yesinyithi yeSilicon yokusetyenziswa kombane ineempawu ezintle ze-electromagnetic kwaye sisixhobo semagnethi esibalulekileyo nesibalulekileyo kumashishini ombane, unxibelelwano kunye nezixhobo.

(1) Uhlu lweeshiti zesinyithi zesilicon

A. Amaphepha esinyithi e-silicon anokwahlulwa abe yi-silicon ephantsi kunye ne-silicon ephezulu ngokwesiqulatho sawo se-silicon. Ii-wafer ze-silicon ephantsi ziqulathe i-silicon engaphantsi kwe-2.8%, enamandla athile oomatshini, kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenziweni kwee-motor, ezaziwa ngokuba yi-motor silicon steel; Ekwenzeni ii-transformer cores, ezaziwa ngokuba zii-transformer silicon steel sheets. Akukho mda ungqongqo phakathi kwezi zimbini zisetyenziswa ngokwenene, kwaye ii-wafer ze-silicon ephezulu zidla ngokusetyenziswa ukwenza ii-motor ezinkulu.

B. Ngokweteknoloji yokuvelisa nokucubungula, inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezimbini: ukuqengqeleka okushushu nokuqengqeleka okubandayo, kwaye ukuqengqeleka okubandayo kunokwahlulwahlulwa kube ziintlobo ezimbini: okungajoliswanga kunye nokujoliswa. Amaphepha aqengqeleka abandayo anobukhulu obufanayo, umgangatho olungileyo womphezulu kunye neempawu eziphezulu zemagnethi. Ke ngoko, ngophuhliso lweshishini, amaphepha aqengqeleka ashushu adla ngokuthatyathelwa indawo ngamaphepha aqengqeleka abandayo. "ukutshintsha ubushushu ngobushushu").

(2) Isalathisi sokusebenza kweshidi yentsimbi yesilicon

A. Ukulahleka kwesinyithi okuphantsi. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ebonisa umgangatho, onke amazwe ehlabathini ahlulahlula amanqanaba ngexabiso lokulahleka kwesinyithi. Okukhona ukulahleka kwesinyithi kuphantsi, kokukhona umgangatho uphezulu kwaye umgangatho uphezulu.

B, amandla aphezulu okungenisa amandla emagnethi. Phantsi kwentsimi efanayo yemagnethi, ishiti yesinyithi yesilicon enokungenisa amandla aphezulu emagnethi inokufumaneka, kwaye umthamo kunye nobunzima benjini okanye i-transformer iron core eyenziwe yiyo zincinci kakhulu, nto leyo enokonga ishiti yesinyithi yesilicon, ucingo lobhedu kunye nezinto zokukhusela.

C, i-stacking coefficient iphezulu. Umphezulu wephepha lesinyithi le-silicon uthambile, uthe tyaba kwaye ufana ngobukhulu, kwaye i-stacking coefficient ye-iron core iphuculwe.

D. Ukubetheka kakuhle. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi ekwenzeni ii-motor cores ezincinci nezincinci.

E. Umphezulu unamathele kakuhle kwaye uyakwazi ukuwelda kwifilimu yokukhusela.

F. Ukuguga kwemagnethi G. Ishidi lesinyithi lesilicon kufuneka lihanjiswe emva kokutsalwa nokugalelwa.

(1) Ishiti yesinyithi yesilicon eqengqelekayo eshushu yokusetyenziswa ngombane (GB5212-85) Ishiti yesinyithi yesilicon eqengqelekayo eshushu yokusetyenziswa ngombane yenziwe nge-ferrosilicon soft magnetic alloy enokulahleka okuphantsi kwekhabhoni kwaye iqengqelekayo eshushu ibe yishiti enobukhulu obungaphantsi kwe-1mm. Ishiti yesinyithi yesilicon eqengqelekayo eshushu yokusetyenziswa ngombane ikwabizwa ngokuba yishiti yesinyithi yesilicon eshushu. Ashiti esinyithi yesilicon eshushu yohlulwahlulwa ibe ngashiti yesinyithi ye-low-silicon (Si≤2.8%) kunye ne-high-silicon (Si≤4.8%) ngokomxholo we-silicon.

(2) Ishiti yesinyithi yesilicon eqengqelekayo ngombane (GB2521-88) yenziwe ngentsimbi yesilicon yombane equlethe i-silicon eyi-0.8%-4.8% kwaye iqengqelekayo ngobandayo. Amaphepha esinyithi esilicon eqengqelekayo ngobandayo ahlulwe abe ziintlobo ezimbini: imicu yesinyithi engenazikhonkwane kunye nemigca yesinyithi ejolise kwingqolowa. Umcu wesinyithi wesinyithi oqengqelekayo ngobandayo uneempawu zomphezulu ogudileyo, ubukhulu obufanayo, i-coefficient ephezulu yokubeka, ukusebenza kakuhle kokubhoboza, kwaye unokungeniswa okuphezulu kwemagnethi kunye nokulahleka kwesinyithi okuphantsi kunemicu yesinyithi yombane eqengqelekayo ngobushushu. Ukusebenzisa imicu ebandayo endaweni yemicu eshushu ukwenza iimoto okanye iitransformer kunokunciphisa ubunzima kunye nomthamo wazo nge-0%-25%.

Ukuba kusetyenziswa umcu ojikelezileyo obandayo, ukusebenza kungcono. Ukuwusebenzisa endaweni yomcu ojikelezileyo oshushu okanye umcu ojikelezileyo obandayo ophantsi kunokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwe-transformer ngama-45%-50%, kwaye ukusebenza kwe-transformer kuthembeke ngakumbi. Isetyenziswa ekwenziweni kwee-motors kunye nee-transformers. Ngokubanzi, imicu ejikelezileyo ebandayo ejonge kwi-grain isetyenziswa njengemeko yee-motors okanye ii-transformers ze-welding, njl.njl.; imicu ejikelezileyo ejonge kwi-grain isetyenziswa njengee-iron cores zee-transformers zamandla, ii-pulse transformers, ii-magnetic amplifiers, kunye nezinye izinto ezinjalo. Iinkcukacha zepleyiti yentsimbi kunye nobukhulu: ubukhulu be-0.35, 0.50, 0.65mm, ububanzi be-800-1000mm, kunye nobude be-≤2.0m.

(3) Ishidi lesinyithi lesilicon eligoqwe ngobushushu kwizixhobo zasekhaya (GBH46002-90) Udidi lweshidi lesinyithi lesilicon eligoqwe ngobushushu kwizixhobo zasekhaya limelwe ngu-J (ekhaya) D (umbane) R (ukugoqwa ngobushushu), oko kukuthi i-JDR. Inani emva kwe-JDR lixabiso lokulahleka kwesinyithi*100, kwaye inani emva komgca othe tye bubukhulu bepleyiti yesinyithi (mm)*100. Iimfuno zokusebenza kwe-electromagnetic zeeshidi zesinyithi zesilicon ezigoqwe ngobushushu kwizixhobo zasekhaya zinokuba ngaphantsi kancinci, kwaye ixabiso elincinci lokulahleka kwesinyithi (P15/50) yi-5.40W/kg. Ngokwesiqhelo zihanjiswa ngaphandle kokuhlamba. Iimoto ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziswa kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo zasekhaya ezifana neefeni zombane, oomatshini bokuhlamba, ii-vacuum cleaners, ii-range hood, njl.