Umehluko phakathi komgomo wesenzo wokukhanya okuguquguqukayo okuyinhloko nokuvikelwa kwegesi esindayo

Amadivayisi okuvikela ahambisanayo kufanele afakwe amaphutha okujikeleza okufushane kwezintambo ze-lead ze-transformer, ama-bushing kanye nezinto zangaphakathi, futhi kufanele ahlangabezane nezidingo ezilandelayo:

1) I-transformer esebenza kanye ye-10MVA nangaphezulu kanye ne-transformer esebenza ngokufanayo ye-6.3MVA nangaphezulu kufanele ifakwe isivikelo sokwehluka kwe-longitudinal. Ama-transformer abalulekile ane-6.3MVA nangaphansi asebenza ngokuzimela nawo angafakwa isivikelo sokwehluka kwe-longitudinal.

2) Ama-transformer angaphansi kwe-10MVA angafakelwa isivikelo sokuphuka okusheshayo kwamanje kanye nesivikelo sokukhuphuka komoya. Kuma-transformer e-2MVA nangaphezulu, lapho i-coefficient yokuzwela ukuphuka okusheshayo kwamanje ingahlangabezani nezidingo, kufanele kufakwe isivikelo sokwehluka kwe-longitudinal.

3) 0.4MVA nangaphezulu, i-voltage eyinhloko ingu-10kV nangaphansi, kanti ikhoyili iyi-transformer enoxhumano lwe-delta-star, futhi isivikelo sokushintshashintsha komoya esinohlobo lwe-relay ezintathu esingasetshenziswa.

4) Amadivayisi ahlukahlukene okuvikela achazwe kulesi sihloko azosebenza ukuze anqamule ama-circuit breaker ohlangothini ngalunye lwe-transformer.

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-transformer, ngenxa yamaphutha angaphakathi, ngezinye izikhathi asikwazi ukubona nokuthatha izinyathelo ngesikhathi, okulula ukudala ezinye izingozi. Ngemva kokuvikelwa kwe-gas relay, ukwenzeka kwezigameko ezifanayo kungagwenywa ngezinga elithile.

■ Isingeniso Sokuvikelwa Kwegesi

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-transformer, ngenxa yamaphutha angaphakathi, ngezinye izikhathi asikwazi ukubona nokuthatha izinyathelo ngesikhathi, okulula ukudala ezinye izingozi. Ngemva kokuvikelwa kwe-gas relay, ukwenzeka kwezigameko ezifanayo kungagwenywa ngezinga elithile.

Ukuvikelwa kwegesi kuhlukaniswe ngokuvikelwa kwegesi elula kanye nokuvikelwa kwegesi esindayo. Umgomo wokusebenza wegesi elula kanye negesi esindayo uhlukile. Igesi elula ibangelwa ukuthi igesi iqongelelwe endebeni evulekile ibheke phansi, ukuze indebe evulekile intante phezulu ngaphansi kwesenzo sokuntanta kwe-oyela ye-transformer, ivule i-relay, bese ikhipha i-alamu, okubonisa ukuthi iphutha ku-transformer lincane, kanti uwoyela we-transformer Ukubola kokushisa kukhiqiza igesi. Igesi esindayo ibangelwa iphutha elikhulu ku-transformer, lapho uwoyela we-transformer ushiswa futhi ukhula ngokushesha futhi ugijimela emcamelweni kawoyela, i-baffle yangaphakathi yegesi esindayo ikhishwa iye ekhoneni elithile, bese i-relay ivuliwe ukuze ikhiqize isignali. Indawo evamile yokujika yokufaka. Ngaphandle kokuthi kukhona ukuhlunga uwoyela, ukugcwaliswa kwamafutha kanye neminye imisebenzi. Ngokuvamile, ukuvikelwa okungekona kukagesi kwama-transformer amakhulu acwiliswe uwoyela kufaka phakathi: ukukhululwa kwengcindezi, ukuguqulwa kwengcindezi, njll.

Ukuvikelwa kwegesi kungenye yezivikelo eziyinhloko zama-transformer, okungezona ezokuvikela ugesi. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukuvikelwa kwegesi elikhanyayo nelisindayo umehluko enanini lokusetha le-relay yegesi. Igesi elikhanyayo lithumela isignali ye-alamu kuphela, hhayi ukukhubeka, futhi igesi elisindayo lizokhubeka. I-voltage ye-zero-sequence ilingana nesamba se-phasor sama-voltage esigaba sesithathu. Indlela yokubala yamanje we-zero sequence iyafana.

■ Iyini isimiso sokuvikela igesi esindayo

Kuthiwa ukuvikelwa kwegesi kwe-transformer kusekelwe esimisweni se-float reed relay. Inkomishi kawoyela ixhunywe ekamelweni le-transformer. Uma i-transformer igcwele ngokweqile, i-overcurrent ikhiqiza igesi ukuze i-float iwele endaweni ethile. I-relay yokuqala ixhunywe ekukhanyeni. I-alamu yegesi, igesi iyaqhubeka nokwehla lapho i-float ikhushulwa, kanti i-relay yesibili ixhunywe kugesi osindayo ukuze iphazamise iswishi.

■ Umehluko phakathi komgomo wokusebenza wokuvikelwa kwegesi elula kanye nokuvikelwa kwegesi esindayo

Ukuvikelwa kwegesi yisivikelo esiyinhloko se-transformer, esingabonakalisa ngempumelelo iphutha langaphakathi le-transformer. I-relay yegesi elula yakhiwe ngendebe evulekile, ukuxhumana komhlanga owomile, njll., futhi isebenza ngesignali. Ama-relay egesi anzima akhiwa ama-baffle, izipringi, ukuxhumana komhlanga, njll., asebenza lapho ekhubeka.

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuvamile, i-gas relay igcwaliswa ngowoyela, indebe evulekile ifakwa emafutheni, isendaweni yokuntanta, futhi oxhumana nabo bomhlanga bayanqanyulwa. Lapho kwenzeka iphutha langaphakathi le-transformer, kwenzeka ukushisa okwedlulele endaweni yephutha, okubangela ukwanda kwamafutha okuguqula aseduze, bese umoya oncibilikisiwe ku-oyela uyaphuma, wakhe amabhamuza bese ekhuphuka. Uma iphutha lincane, igesi ekhishwayo ikhuphuka kancane bese ingena ku-gas relay, okwenza izinga likawoyela lehle. I-fulcrum ekhiqizwa yi-open cup ukujikeleza kwe-shaft okuphikisana newashi, okwenza ukuthi ukuxhumana komhlanga kuxhume futhi kuthumele isignali.

Uma ukwehluleka kwangaphakathi kwe-transformer kukhulu, kukhiqizwa igesi enamandla yegesi, okubangela ukuba ingcindezi yangaphakathi ye-transformer ikhuphuke ngokuzumayo, futhi ukugeleza okukhulu kwamafutha kuthinta indlela yomcamelo kawoyela. Ngenxa yokuthi ukugeleza kwamafutha kushaya i-baffle, i-baffle inqoba ukumelana kwesipilingi futhi iqhube i-magnet ukuthi yome. Indlela yokuxhumana komhlanga iyahamba, ukuze ukuxhumana komhlanga kuvulwe futhi kusebenze ohambweni.

Isici sokudluliselwa kwe-relay sibhekisela ebuhlotsheni phakathi kwenani lokufaka kanye nenani lokukhipha le-relay kuyo yonke inqubo yokushintsha. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyisenzo noma ukubuya, i-relay isuka endaweni yokuqala iye endaweni yokugcina, akunakwenzeka ukuhlala endaweni ethile ephakathi. Lesi sici sibizwa ngokuthi isici sokudluliselwa kwe-relay.