Izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa ukumelana kwe-short-circuit kwama-transformer kagesi

Ukubuka konke kwama-transformer kagesi

I-transformer yamandla kagesi iqashelwa kakhulu ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-elekthronikhi yamandla. ibe yisignali yemvamisa yamandla, okungukuthi, ukunciphisa imvamisa. Ngokwamukela uhlelo lokulawula olufanele ukulawula ukusebenza kwedivayisi kagesi yamandla, amandla kagesi emvamisa eyodwa, i-voltage kanye ne-waveform angaguqulwa abe amandla kagesi emvamisa enye, i-voltage kanye ne-waveform. Njengoba ivolumu ye-transformer yokuhlukaniswa okuphakathi incike ekugcwalisweni kwe-magnetic flux yezinto ze-iron core kanye nokuphakama okuphezulu okuvunyelwe kwe-iron core kanye nokugoba, kanye nokuqina kwe-magnetic flux yamandla kagesi kuhambelana ngokuphambene nemvamisa yokusebenza, ukwandisa imvamisa yayo yokusebenza kungathuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kokusebenza kahle kwe-iron core, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe usayizi we-transformer futhi kwandiswe ukusebenza kwayo okuphelele.

2. Izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa ukumelana kwe-short-circuit kwama-transformer kagesi

Ukusebenza okuphephile, okongayo, okuthembekile kanye nomkhiqizo wama-transformer kuncike kwikhwalithi yawo yokukhiqiza, indawo yokusebenza kanye nekhwalithi yokugcinwa. Lesi sahluko sizama ukuphendula izinyathelo zokuvimbela ngempumelelo ukwehluleka okungazelelwe kwe-transformer ngesikhathi sokusebenza nokugcinwa kwe-transformer.

Igridi yamandla ivame ukufinyezwa ngenxa yokushaya kombani, ukungasebenzi kahle noma ukwenqaba ukuvikelwa kwe-relay, njll. Umthelela onamandla wamandla kagesi omfishane ungalimaza i-transformer, ngakho-ke kufanele kwenziwe imizamo yokuthuthukisa ikhono lokumelana ne-short-circuit le-transformer kuzo zonke izici. Imiphumela yezibalo zezingozi zomthelela we-transformer omfishane ikhombisa ukuthi izizathu zokukhiqiza zilinganiselwa ku-80%, kuyilapho izizathu zokusebenza nokugcinwa zilinganiselwa ku-10% kuphela. Izinyathelo ezihlobene nokuklama nokukhiqiza zixoxwe ngazo eSahlukweni 2, futhi lesi sahluko sigxile ezinyathelweni okufanele zithathwe ngesikhathi sokusebenza nokugcinwa. Enkambisweni yokusebenza nokugcinwa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaphutha e-short-circuit kufanele ancishiswe, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe inani lezikhathi i-transformer ethinteka ngazo; ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuguqulwa kwe-transformer winding kufanele kuhlolwe ngesikhathi ukuze kuvinjelwe izinkinga ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke.

(1) Yenza umklamo ube ngokwejwayelekile futhi unake inqubo yokucindezela kwe-axial yokukhiqiza amakhoyili. Lapho eklama, umenzi akufanele acabangele nje kuphela ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa nokuthuthukisa izinga lokufakwa kwe-transformer, kodwa futhi acabangele nokuthuthukisa amandla omshini kanye nokumelana kwamaphutha okujikeleza okufushane kwe-transformer. Ngokuphathelene nenqubo yokukhiqiza, njengoba ama-transformer amaningi esebenzisa amapuleti okucindezela okuvikela, futhi amakhoyili aphezulu naphansi abelana ngepuleti lokucindezela, lesi sakhiwo sidinga izinga eliphezulu lobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, futhi ama-pad kufanele ancishiswe. Yomisa ikhoyili eyodwa ngokucindezela okungaguquki, bese ulinganisa ukuphakama kwekhoyili ngemva kokucindezela; ngemva kokuba ikhoyili ngayinye yepuleti lokucindezela elifanayo icutshungulwe yinqubo engenhla, ilungiswa ibe ukuphakama okufanayo, bese idivayisi ye-hydraulic isetshenziselwa ukufaka ingcindezi ecacisiwe kukhoyili ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa kokugcina. Finyelela ukuphakama kwezidingo zomklamo kanye nenqubo. Ekuhlanganisweni okujwayelekile, ngaphezu kokunaka ukucindezelwa kwekhoyili ephezulu, kufanele kunakwe ngokukhethekile ekulawulweni kokucindezelwa kwekhoyili enamandla aphansi.

(2) Yenza ukuhlolwa kwe-short-circuit ku-transformer ukuze uvimbele ukuthi ingenzeki ngaphambi kokuba yenzeke. Ukuthembeka kokusebenza kwama-transformer amakhulu kuncike kuqala esakhiweni sayo kanye nezinga lenqubo yokukhiqiza, kanti okwesibili ekuhlolweni okuhlukahlukene kwemishini ngesikhathi sokusebenza ukuze kuqondwe izimo zokusebenza zemishini ngesikhathi. Ukuze uqonde ukuzinza komshini we-transformer, kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa izixhumanisi zayo ezibuthakathaka ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwe-short-circuit ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amandla esakhiwo se-transformer aklanywe ngokuqiniseka.

(3) Sebenzisa ukuvikelwa kokudluliselwa okuthembekile kanye nohlelo lokuvala ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ingozi yesekethe emfushane ohlelweni ingozi abantu abazama ukuyigwema kodwa abakwazi ukuyigwema ngokuphelele, ikakhulukazi umugqa we-10KV kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ubangele ingozi yesekethe emfushane ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle, ukungena kwezilwane ezincane, amandla angaphandle kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo womsebenzisi. Ngakho-ke, ku-transformer eseqalile ukusebenza, kufanele kuqala ifakwe ugesi we-DC othembekile wohlelo lokuvikela, futhi iqinisekise ukunemba kwesenzo sokuvikela. Uma kuhlanganiswa nesimo samanje sokuthi amandla esekethe emfushane angaphandle e-transformer awasebenzi kahle, izici ezingezinhle kufanele zibonwe ngokuvala ngokuzenzakalelayo noma ukuphoqelelwa ukusebenza ngemva kokukhubeka kwesekethe emfushane, ngaphandle kwalokho ngezinye izikhathi kuzokhulisa umonakalo we-transformer futhi kulahlekelwe ngisho nethuba lokulungiswa kabusha. Njengamanje, eminye iminyango esebenzayo ikhansele ukusetshenziswa kokufaka izintambo eziseduze nendawo (njengangaphakathi kwamakhilomitha amabili) noma izintambo zekhebula ngokuya ngamathuba okuthi iphutha le-short-circuit lingasuswa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokushesha, noma landise ngokufanele isikhathi esiphakathi kokuvala ukuze kuncishiswe izinkinga ezibangelwa ukwehluleka ukuvala kabusha. Ingozi yokukhubeka kwe-short-circuit kufanele yenziwe ngangokunokwenzeka.

(4) Yenza ukuhlolwa kokuguquguquka kwesimo kanye nokuxilongwa kwama-transformer windings ngenkuthalo. Ngokuvamile, ngemva kokuba i-transformer ithintwe ugesi we-short-circuit fault, i-winding izokhubazeka kancane, futhi noma ingalimalanga ngokushesha, ingashiya inkinga enkulu efihliwe. Okokuqala, ibanga lokufakwa kwe-insulation lizoshintsha futhi i-insulation eqinile izolimala, okuholela ekukhishweni kwengxenye. Uma ubhekene ne-overvoltage yombani, kungenzeka ukuthi kube nokuqhekeka kwe-inter-turn kanye ne-inter-cake, okuholela ezingozini zokufakwa kwe-insulation okungazelelwe. Ngisho nangaphansi kwe-voltage evamile yokusebenza, izingozi zokuphazamiseka kwe-insulation zingabangelwa umphumela wesikhathi eside wokukhishwa kwengxenye.

Ngakho-ke, ukwenza ngenkuthalo ukuxilongwa kokuguquguquka kokugoba kwe-transformer, ukutholakala ngesikhathi kwama-transformer anephutha, kanye nokuqinisekiswa nokugcinwa kwe-hood okuhleliwe ngeke nje konge abasebenzi abaningi kanye nezinsizakusebenza, kodwa futhi kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuvimbeleni izingozi ze-transformer.

Ukusatshalaliswa okungu-zero kanye ne-pole komsebenzi wokudlulisa i-H(jw) (okungukuthi, isici sempendulo yemvamisa) kuhlobene eduze nezingxenye nezindlela zokuxhuma kunethiwekhi yamachweba amabili. Inani elikhulu lemiphumela yocwaningo lokuhlola libonisa ukuthi ama-transformer windings ngokuvamile anamaphuzu amaningi e-resonance ebangeni lemvamisa elingu-10KZ~1MHZ. Uma imvamisa iphansi kune-10KHZ, i-inductance ye-winding idlala indima enkulu, iphuzu le-resonance livame ukuba lincane, futhi alizweli kangako ekushintsheni kwe-capacitance esabalalisiwe; lapho imvamisa idlula i-1 MHZ, i-inductance ye-winding idlulwa yi-capacitance esabalalisiwe, futhi iphuzu le-resonance nalo lizoncishiswa ngokufanele, lingazweli kangako ezinguqukweni ze-inductance, futhi njengoba imvamisa ikhula, i-stray capacitance ye-test loop (lead) nayo izoba nomthelela omkhulu emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa.

Ngenxa yokuthi umhloli wokuguqulwa kokushintshashintsha kokushintshashintsha kokushintshashintsha komthamo wokushintshashintsha komthamo wokushintshashintsha ungasetshenziswa njengesithasiselo esiwusizo endleleni yokuphendula imvamisa. Ikakhulukazi uma indlela yokuphendula imvamisa ingenayo imibandela, isimo sokusebenza kokushintshashintsha komthamo singaqondwa ngesikhathi ngokuqhathanisa umthamo oqoqiwe olinganisiwe ngokuvundlile nangokuqondile, ukuze kuncishiswe amathuba ezingozi futhi kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphephile nokuzinzile kwegridi yamandla.

(5) Qinisa ukuhlolwa ekwakhiweni kwendawo, ekusebenzeni nasekugcinweni kwayo, bese usebenzisa uhlelo lokuvikela oluneziphazamiso ezimfushane oluthembekile. Uma ufaka i-transformer endaweni, ukwakhiwa kumele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo kanye nemininingwane yomenzi, ikhwalithi kumele ilawulwe ngokuqinile, futhi kuthathwe izinyathelo ezifanele ukuze kuqedwe izingozi ezifihliwe ezitholakalayo. Abasebenzi bokusebenza nokugcinwa kwayo kufanele baqinise ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa kwayo kanye nokuphathwa kwewaranti ye-transformer ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-transformer isesimweni esihle sokusebenza, futhi bathathe izinyathelo ezifanele zokunciphisa amathuba okuba namaphutha eziphazamiso ezimfushane endaweni yokuphuma kanye nasezindaweni eziseduze. Ukuze kugwenywe iphutha leziphazamiso ezimfushane zesistimu ngangokunokwenzeka, kuma-transformer aseqalile ukusebenza, okokuqala ahlomise uhlelo lwe-DC oluthembekile lwesistimu yokuvikela ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwesenzo sokuvikela; Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlola indlela yokuphendula imvamisa bulinganisa isimo se-transformer ngemva kokuthintwe ukukhubeka kweziphazamiso ezimfushane, futhi buhlola ngenhloso i-hood ngokwemiphumela yokuhlolwa, engagwema ngempumelelo ukwenzeka kwezingozi ezinkulu.

Ukuthi i-transformer ingakwazi yini ukumelana nemisinga ehlukahlukene yesekethe emfushane kuncike kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza ye-transformer, futhi inobuhlobo obuhle nokuphathwa kokusebenza, izimo zokusebenza kanye nezinga lobuchwepheshe bokwakha. Ingozi yesekethe emfushane ye-transformer iyingozi kakhulu ekusebenzeni kohlelo lwegridi yamandla. Ukuze kugwenywe izingozi, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokulawula ezisebenzayo ezivela ezicini ezahlukene ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile nokuzinzile kwama-transformer kanye nezinhlelo zegridi yamandla.