Ngaba uyazi ukuba zeziphi iimeko ezifunekayo ukuze ii-transformers zisebenze ngaxeshanye?

Ukongeza, ngenxa yokuba umthwalo wombane unamandla ngamaxesha athile onyaka, ezinye iitransformer zinokurhoxiswa ekusebenzeni ngexesha lomthwalo wokukhanya, nto leyo engenakunciphisa kuphela ukulahleka komthwalo wetransformer, iphucule ukusebenza kakuhle, kodwa inciphise nomsinga wokuvuselela osabelayo, iphucule amandla egridi, kwaye iphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwegridi yamandla.

Ngoko ke zithini iimfuno zokusebenza ngaxeshanye kwee-transformers? Lo ngumbuzo oqhelekileyo. Okokuqala, makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi iimfuno zokudibanisa ii-transformers, size emva koko sixoxe ngeemeko zokudibanisa ii-transformers.

(1) Ngokubanzi, jonga umfanekiso ongezantsi:

Kulo mfanekiso, sibona iitransformer ezimbini, ezibhalwe i-T1 kunye ne-T2.

Indlela yokubuyisela inkqubo:

Xa zisebenza ngokwenene, ezi bhasi zimbini zisebenza ngee-transformers zazo.

Ngenxa yoko, zombini ii-circuit breakers ezingenayo i-QF1 kunye ne-QF2 zivaliwe, ngelixa i-bus tie breaker QF3 ye-single busbar segment ivuliwe; ukuba kukho ingxaki nge-transformer okanye icala le-medium voltage yomgca othile ongenayo, njengokuwa kwe-voltage enzima (undervoltage okanye i-voltage loss) okanye ukungaphumeleli, i-line breaker engenayo yale candelo iyavulwa, kwaye i-bus tie breaker QF3 ivaliwe; xa inkqubo ibuyiselwe, kukho iindlela ezimbini zokubuyisela:

Indlela yokuBuyisa 1: Vula i-bus tie breaker QF3, uze uvale i-circuit breaker ehambelanayo. Le ndlela ilula, kodwa emva komthwalo ebhasini, njengemoto, kufuneka iqaliswe kwakhona emva kokuba umbane ucimile.

Indlela yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo yesi-2: vala kuqala i-circuit breaker engenayo, uze ii-transformer zisebenze ngaxeshanye, uze uvule i-bus tie breaker. Le ndlela iyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, kodwa umthwalo awudingi kudlula kwi-power ende yesibini ukuze uqale kwakhona.

Makhe sijonge iimeko apho ii-transformers ziza kudibana khona:

Okokuqala: iimeko ze-transformer ngokwayo

Kubandakanya: indlela yocingo lwe-transformer iyafana nomlinganiselo wotshintsho, i-impedance voltage ye-transformer iyafana, kwaye i-voltage yesibini ye-transformer iyafana.

Okwesibini: iimeko zomgca

Kubandakanya: icala le-voltage ephakathi kufuneka livele kwinethiwekhi efanayo yokusasazwa, isigaba sazo, i-angle yesigaba sokuqala kunye ne-frequency ziyafana, kwaye i-amplitude ye-voltage nayo iyafana. Kwangaxeshanye, icala le-voltage ephakathi kufuneka likwazi ukumelana nokutshayiswa kokuqalisa kwamandla kwecala le-voltage ephantsi.

(2) Xa inkqubo ixhotyiswe ngejenereyitha, makhe sijonge umfanekiso olandelayo:

Lo mfanekiso uyinkimbinkimbi kancinci kunomfanekiso 1. Kukho ijenereyitha eziqulathe ngokwazo kulo mfanekiso, kwaye i-circuit breaker yejenereyitha kunye ne-circuit breaker engenayo yee-mains zinobudlelwane obudibeneyo kunye notyalo-mali oludibeneyo.

Ngenxa yobunzima bobudlelwane bokuphosa ngaphandle, kwi-ABB, i-PLC idla ngokusetyenziswa ukwakha ingqiqo yokuphosa ngaphandle. Masichaze ngokufutshane:

1) Ngexesha lokusebenza okuqhelekileyo, intambo yebhasi iyavulwa, kwaye imigca engenayo yecandelo ngalinye iyavalwa.

2) Ukuba umbane oyintloko wecandelo elithile uyasilela, vula umgca ongenayo weli candelo, uze uvale intambo yebhasi.

3) Xa isiphene sisusiwe kwaye sibuyiselwe, inkqubo iya kubuyiselwa ngeendlela ezimbini: ii-transformers ezihambelanayo nezingafaniyo. Iimeko ezihambelanayo ze-transformer ziyafana nezingasentla.

4) Ukuba ukusilela kwecandelo elithile lombane oyintloko akuphumeleli, kwaye elinye icandelo lombane oyintloko liyaphinda lingasebenzi, okanye amacandelo amabini ombane oyintloko ayaphela ngaxeshanye, inkqubo iya kuqalisa ijenereyitha. Ngokuxhomekeke ekusebenzeni kokuqala kwejenereyitha, kugqitywa ukuba intambo yebhasi iyasebenza na.

5) Xa ii-mains zibuyiselwe, kukho iindlela ezimbini zokujongana nazo: indlela yokuqala yile iboniswe kuMfanekiso 2, umgca ongenayo we-mains kunye nomgca ongenayo we-generator zivaliwe, kwaye icala elinye kuphela elivunyelweyo ukuvalwa. Ngeli xesha, vula umgca ongenayo we-generator, uze uvale umgca ongenayo we-mains; indlela yesibini ayinabudlelwane obudibeneyo phakathi komgca ongenayo we-mains kunye nomgca ongenayo we-generator. Emva kokuba ii-mains zibuyiselwe, phantsi kwesikhokelo senkqubo, i-generator ihambelana ne-mains, uze emva koko umgca ongenayo we-mains uvaliwe, uze emva koko i-generator ikhutshwe.

Indlela yesibini inokuthintela umthwalo ukuba ungaqali kwakhona emva kokuphela kombane okwesibini. Sinokubona ukuba imeko yee-transformers ezihambelanayo iyafana nemeko eqhelekileyo.

(3) Ukusebenza ngaxeshanye kweetransformer xa umthamo womthwalo wetransformer enye unganelanga

Iimeko ze-transformer parallel ziyafana nezangaphambili. Phantsi kwale meko, xa kwenzeka i-short-circuit kwicala lomthwalo, ixabiso langoku le-short-circuit kufuneka liphindaphindwe ngenani lee-transformers parallel. Makhe sijonge umfanekiso ongezantsi:

Kulo mfanekiso, imigca emibini engenayo kunye ne-bus tie zivaliwe, kwaye ii-transformers T1 kunye ne-T2 zisebenza ngaxeshanye.

Xa umthwalo wecandelo lebhasi ujikeleziswa ngesantya esifutshane, zombini ii-transformers zinegalelo kumbane we-short-circuit kwindawo ye-short-circuit, ngoko ke umbane we-short-circuit kumthwalo ulingana kabini nombane we-short-circuit we-transformer enye.

Ngoko ke, iimeko zokusebenza ngaxeshanye kwee-transformers zezi: umthamo wokuqhekeza we-feeder circuit breaker kwicandelo ngalinye lebhasi kufuneka ube kabini kunowe-circuit breaker engenayo. Ukuba oku akwenziwanga, ii-transformers azivumelekanga ukuba zisebenze ngaxeshanye.

Kucacisiwe kwinkcazo ukuba ekusebenzeni ngaxeshanye kwee-transformers kwixesha elifutshane lokusebenza kokutshintsha, amandla okuqhawula i-load-side circuit breaker anokukhethwa phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo ngaphandle kokuphinda kabini.

(4) Iingenelo kunye neenjongo zokusebenza ngaxeshanye kweetransformers

Phucula uqoqosho lokusebenza kwetransformer. Xa umthwalo unyuka ude ufikelele kwinqanaba apho amandla etransformer enye awanelanga, itransformer yesibini inokufakwa ngaxeshanye, kwaye xa umthwalo uncitshisiwe ude ufikelele kwinqanaba apho iitransformer ezimbini zinganyanzelekanga ukuba zinike amandla ngaxeshanye, itransformer enye inokususwa ekusebenzeni.

Ingakumbi kwiindawo zasemaphandleni, iimpawu zokusetyenziswa kombane ngexesha lonyaka zicacile, kwaye ukusebenza okufanayo kwee-transformers kunokutshintshwa ngokobukhulu bomthwalo wombane. Ngale ndlela, ukulahleka kwe-transformer ngokwayo kunokunciphisa kwaye injongo yokusebenza kwezoqoqosho inokufezekiswa.

Phucula ukuthembeka kombane. Xa enye yeetransformer ezihamba ngaxeshanye yonakele, lo gama nje isuswa ngokukhawuleza kwigridi, ezinye iitransformer ezimbini zisenokubonelela ngombane ngokuqhelekileyo; xa itransformer ilungiswa, ayizukuchaphazela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezinye iitransformer, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa iimpazamo kunye nomonakalo. Ububanzi kunye nokuphindaphindwa kokucima kombane ngexesha lokugcinwa kunokuphucula ukuthembeka kombane.

Gcina umbane, qaphela ukonga umbane kwaye wonyuse ukusebenza kakuhle. Umzekelo, isikhululo esingaphantsi komhlaba sixhotyiswe ngeetransformer ezimbini ze-4000kVA kunye ne-3150kVA. Emva kokubala iimeko zokusebenza kweetransformer ezimbini, emva konyaka omnye wokusebenza ngaxeshanye, ukonga umbane yi-102,000 Kwh, isiphumo sokonga umbane sicacile kakhulu, kwaye utyalo-mali lwemali luyancitshiswa.