Ukubophelela aMandla oomatshini beLaser kuPhuculo lwesiXhobo soMbane

Itekhnoloji yeLaser yenze inkqubela phambili kwishishini lobunjineli bombane, ivumela ukuphuculwa okusebenzayo kunye nokuchanekileyo kwizixhobo zombane. Ngokukwazi ukusika, i-weld, kunye ne-etch materials ngokuchaneka okungenakulinganiswa, oomatshini be-laser baye baba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuphucula amacandelo ombane kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Ukusuka kwiibhodi zeesekethe ukuya kwiinkqubo zokuhambisa amandla, amandla oomatshini be-laser anokufakwa ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kunye nokuthembeka kwezixhobo zombane.

Ukuvela kweTekhnoloji yeLaser

Itekhnoloji yeLaser ihambe indlela ende ukusukela oko yasungulwa ngeminyaka yoo-1960. Ekuqaleni isetyenziselwa ukusika kunye nokugrumba, oomatshini belaser baye bavela ukubandakanya uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, kubandakanya ukuwelda, ukumakisha, kunye nokukrola. Ukuphuhliswa kwemithombo yelaser ephucukileyo, efana nefiber lasers kunye ne-ultrafast lasers, iye yandisa izakhono zoomatshini belaser, ibenza babe yimfuneko kwinkalo yobunjineli bombane. Ezi nkqubela phambili zikhokelele kuphuhliso lweenkqubo ezisekwe kwi-laser ezinokusetyenziselwa ukuphucula izixhobo zombane ngokuchaneka okungazange kubonwe ngaphambili kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

Olunye lolona phuhliso luphambili kwitekhnoloji yelaser ethe yaguqula ishishini lobunjineli bombane kukufika kweelaser ze-femtosecond. Ezi lasers ze-ultrafast zivelisa iipulses ezihlala nje ii-quadrillionths zesekhondi, zivumela ukususwa kwezinto ezichanekileyo ezichanekileyo kunye nokulawulwayo. Eli nqanaba lokuchaneka libalulekile ekuphuculeni izixhobo zombane, apho neyona mpazamo incinci inokukhokelela kukusilela okuyintlekele. Ngee-laser ze-femtosecond, iinjineli zinokufezekisa ukuchaneka kwenqanaba le-micron xa zisika, zigrumba, kwaye zidibanisa izinto zombane, ziqinisekisa ukuphuculwa okuthembekileyo kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu.

Oomatshini beLaser nabo baxhamle kwinkqubela phambili yokuhanjiswa kwemiqadi kunye neenkqubo zolawulo, okwenza iinjineli zikwazi ukwalathisa ngokuchanekileyo umqa welaser kwindawo efunwayo ngokuchaneka kwe-submicron. Eli nqanaba lolawulo liyimfuneko ekuphuculeni izixhobo zombane, apho amacandelo antsonkothileyo kunye nezinto ezibuthathaka zifuna ukuphathwa ngononophelo. Ukukwazi ukubeka ngokuchanekileyo umqa we-laser kuvumela uyilo oluntsonkothileyo kunye nohlengahlengiso lwenziwe kwisixhobo sombane, ukuqinisekisa ukuba uphuculo lwenziwa ngokuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nomgangatho.

Izinto ezilungileyo zoPhuculo oluSekwe kwiLaser

Ukusetyenziswa koomatshini be-laser ekuphuculeni izixhobo zombane kunika inani leenzuzo kwiindlela zemveli. Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili kukukwazi ukufezekisa ukuguqulwa okuchanekileyo okuphezulu kunye neendawo ezincinci ezichaphazelekayo kubushushu. Iindlela zemveli ezifana ne-soldering kunye ne-mechanical cutting inokwazisa ukushisa kunye noxinzelelo kwizinto eziphathekayo, ezikhokelela ekuthotyweni kwentsebenzo kunye nemiba yokuthembeka. Ukuphuculwa kwe-Laser-based, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukunciphisa indawo echaphazelekayo ukushisa, ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zombane zigcina ukusebenza kwazo kunye nokuthembeka emva kokuphucula.

Ngaphaya koko, oomatshini belaser babonelela ngokuguquguquka okungahambelaniyo xa kuziwa ekuphuculeni izixhobo zombane. Ngokukwazi ukucubungula uluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo, kubandakanywa isinyithi, i-ceramics, kunye ne-polymers, ukuphuculwa kwe-laser-based upgrades kunokulungelelaniswa ukuze kuhambelane neemfuno ezithile zamacandelo ombane aguqulwayo. Nokuba kukusika iipateni ezintsonkothileyo kwiibhodi zeesekethe okanye ukuwelda izinto ezahlukeneyo kwiinkqubo zokuhambisa amandla, oomatshini belaser babonelela ngezinto ezahlukeneyo ezifunekayo ukujongana noluhlu olwahlukeneyo lokuphuculwa kwezixhobo zombane.

Enye inzuzo yokuphuculwa kwe-laser-based yikhono lokufezekisa ukusetyenzwa okuphezulu. Ngokuhambela phambili kwitekhnoloji yelaser, oomatshini belaser bale mihla bayakwazi ukuhambisa ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo ukusetyenzwa kwezinto zombane, ukuvumela amaxesha okutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kunye nokwanda kwemveliso. Oku kunenzuzo ngokukhethekileyo kumashishini apho ixesha lokumakethi liyinto ebalulekileyo, njengoko ukuphuculwa kwe-laser kunokunciphisa kakhulu ixesha kunye neendleko ezinxulumene nokuguqula izixhobo zombane.

Ukusetyenziswa koomatshini beLaser kuPhuculo lwesiXhobo soMbane

Ukuguquguquka koomatshini be-laser kubenza balungele uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo ekuphuculeni izixhobo zombane. Esinye isicelo esiqhelekileyo kukuguqulwa kweebhodi zeesekethe kwizixhobo zombane. Oomatshini beLaser bangasetyenziselwa ukususa ngokuchanekileyo okanye ukongeza iitrayisi zokuqhuba, ukubhola i-micro-vias, kunye nokusika iipateni ezintsonkothileyo kwiibhodi zesekethe. Olu hlengahlengiso lubalulekile ekwandiseni ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo zombane, kwaye iinkqubo ezisekwe kwi-laser zibonelela ngokuchaneka kunye nokuphindaphindwa okufunekayo ukuze kuphunyezwe uphuculo olukumgangatho ophezulu.

Kwindawo yeenkqubo zokuhambisa amandla, oomatshini belaser badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni amacandelo ombane anje ngeebhasi, izihlanganisi, kunye nezithinteli. I-laser welding, ngokukodwa, inika indlela ethembekileyo nesebenzayo yokujoyina izinto ezingafaniyo kwiinkqubo zokuhambisa amandla, ukuqinisekisa ukunyaniseka kombane kunye noomatshini. Ukongezelela, iinkqubo ezisekelwe kwi-laser zingasetyenziselwa ukongeza amanqaku okuchongwa, iinombolo ze-serial, kunye neebhakhowudi kumacandelo ombane, ukuququzelela ukulandelwa kunye nokulawula umgangatho kwimveliso kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo zombane.

Oomatshini beLaser nabo baqeshwe kushishino lweemoto ekuphuculeni izixhobo zombane kwizithuthi. Ukusuka ekusikeni kunye nokuwelda iithebhu zebhetri ukuya kumakisha kunye nokukrola iipaneli zokulawula, iinkqubo ezisekwe kwi-laser zisetyenziselwa ukunyusa ukusebenza, ukhuseleko, kunye nesibheno sobuhle beenkqubo zombane ezimotweni. Ukukwazi ukufezekisa uhlengahlengiso oluchanekileyo kwizinto ezahlukeneyo zemathiriyeli kwenza oomatshini belaser babe sisixhobo esiyimfuneko sokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo kushishino lweemoto.

Imiceli mngeni kunye nokuqwalaselwa kuPhuculo oluSekwe kwiLaser

Ngelixa oomatshini belaser bebonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi zokuphucula izixhobo zombane, kukho imiceli mngeni ethile kunye neengqwalasela ekufuneka iinjineli ziyilumkele. Enye yezinto eziphambili zokuqwalaselwa kukukhethwa komthombo we-laser ofanelekileyo kunye neeparamitha zesicelo esithile. Izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neejometri zecandelo zinokufuna ubude bamaza e-laser, ubude be-pulse, kunye noxinaniso lwamandla ukufezekisa uhlengahlengiso olufunekayo. Iinjineli kufuneka zivavanye ngononophelo ezi zinto ukuze ziqinisekise ukuba ukuphuculwa kwe-laser kuyahlangabezana neemfuno zokusebenza kunye nomgangatho wezixhobo zombane.

Olunye uqwalaselo lunokubakho kokuqokelela ubushushu ngexesha lokuphuculwa kwe-laser-based, ngakumbi xa usebenza ngezinto ezibuthathaka ze-thermal. Ngelixa oomatshini belaser banokunciphisa indawo echaphazeleke bubushushu, kubalulekile ukuvavanya ifuthe elinokubakho lobushushu kwiipropati zombane kunye nokuthembeka kwexesha elide kwamacandelo alungisiweyo. Ngokusebenzisa imithombo ye-laser ephezulu kunye neendlela zokubeka iliso, iinjineli zinokunciphisa iziphumo zokuqokelelwa kobushushu kwaye ziqinisekise ukuba izixhobo zombane zigcina ukusebenza kwazo kunye nokuthembeka emva kokuphuculwa.

Ukongeza, ukuqwalaselwa kokhuseleko kubaluleke kakhulu xa usebenza ngoomatshini belaser ekuphuculeni izixhobo zombane. Imiqadi yeLaser inokubangela ingozi kubasebenzi ukuba amanyathelo afanelekileyo okhuseleko awaphunyezwa. Iinjineli kufuneka zibambelele kwimigaqo engqongqo yokhuseleko, kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwemiqobo yokhuselo, uqhagamshelo lokhuseleko, kunye nezixhobo zokuzikhusela, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuvezwa kwimitha yelaser. Ngaphaya koko, abaqhubi boomatshini belaser kufuneka bafumane uqeqesho olubanzi lokuphatha izixhobo kunye nokwenza uphuculo ngendlela ekhuselekileyo nelawulwayo.

Uphuhliso lwexesha elizayo kuHlaziyo oluSekwe kwiLaser

Njengoko iteknoloji yelaser iqhubela phambili, amathuba okuphucula izixhobo zombane ngoomatshini belaser aya ethembisa ngakumbi. Enye indawo enomdla kukuphuhliswa kweenkqubo ze-laser ezihlakaniphile ezikwazi ukuzimela ngokuzimeleyo iiparamitha zenkqubo ngokusekelwe kwingxelo yexesha langempela. Ezi nkqubo ziphakamisa ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye neetekhnoloji zokuziva ezihambele phambili zokubeka iliso ngokuqhubekayo kwaye zilungelelanise iiparamitha ze-laser, ziqinisekisa ukuphuculwa okungaguqukiyo kunye nokuthembekileyo kwezinto zombane.

Omnye ummandla wokukhula okunokwenzeka kukudityaniswa kobuchule bokwenza okongeziweyo kunye noomatshini belaser bokuphucula izixhobo zombane. Imveliso eyongeziweyo, okanye ushicilelo lwe-3D, luvumela ukuveliswa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuveliswa kweejometri ezintsonkothileyo, okwenza kube yinto ekhangayo yokwenza izinto zombane. Ngokudibanisa iinkqubo zokuthoba ezisekwe kwi-laser kunye nemveliso eyongeziweyo, iinjineli zinokwenza izisombululo zokwenziwa kwe-hybrid zokuphucula izixhobo zombane, zivumela inkululeko yoyilo olungazange lubonwe ngaphambili kunye nokusebenza.

Kummandla wemithombo yelaser, ukuphuhliswa kobuchwepheshe belaser obutsha, obufana neelases ze-ultraviolet (EUV) ezigqithisileyo kunye neelaser ze-attosecond, zinesithembiso sokwandisa amandla oomatshini belaser ekuphuculeni izixhobo zombane. Le mithombo yelaser ephucukileyo ibonelela ngolawulo olulunge ngakumbi kunye nokuchaneka, ivula amathuba amatsha okuphumeza uhlengahlengiso oluntsonkothileyo kumacandelo ombane ngokuchaneka kwe-submicron. Ngokusebenzisa obu buchwepheshe be-laser bokusika, iinjineli zinokuqhubeka nokutyhala imida yento enokwenzeka ekuphuculeni izixhobo zombane.

Ukuqukumbela, oomatshini belaser babonelela ngeendlela ezinamandla neziguquguqukayo zokuphucula izixhobo zombane kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Ukusuka kwiibhodi zeesekethe ukuya kwiinkqubo zokuhambisa amandla, ukuchaneka kunye nokuguquguquka kweenkqubo ezisekelwe kwi-laser kubenza babaluleke kakhulu ekufezekiseni ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokuphuculwa okuthembekileyo. Njengoko ubuchwephesha belaser buqhubela phambili nokuguquka, amandla okuqhubela phambili ekumgangatho ophezulu ekuphuculeni izixhobo zombane ngoomatshini belaser mkhulu kakhulu, kuvula indlela yokuqhubekeka kwezinto ezintsha kwicandelo lobunjineli bombane.