Isebenza njani i-oyile ye-transformer?

Isebenza njani i-oyile ye-transformer?

Iinguqu ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeziseko zombane, ezinceda ukunyuswa okanye ukuhla kwamandla ombane ukuze kube lula ukuhanjiswa nokusasazwa kombane ngokufanelekileyo. Olunye uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-transformer yi-transformer egcwele ioli, esebenzisa ioli njengento yokupholisa kunye ne-insulating medium. Kodwa i-transformer egcwele ioli isebenza njani, kwaye yintoni eyahlula kwezinye iintlobo zeenguqu? Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga ukusebenza kwangaphakathi kweziguquli ezizaliswe yioyile, ukusuka kumacandelo azo asisiseko ukuya ekusebenzeni kwazo, ukugcinwa kwazo, nokunye.

Iziseko zeTransformers ezizaliswe yiOyile

Iziguquli ezizaliswe yi-oyile, ezikwabizwa ngokuba zii-liquid-filled transformers, luhlobo lwe-transformer yombane esebenzisa i-oyile njenge-insulating and cooling medium. Uyilo oluzaliswe yioyile lubonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi, kubandakanya ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal ephezulu, amandla abalaseleyo e-dielectric, kunye neempawu zokuziphilisa. Iziguquli ezizaliswe ngeoyile ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, kubandakanywa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla, izibonelelo zoshishino, kunye neendawo ezisetyenziswayo.

Amacandelo asisiseko se-oyile-oyile i-transformer ibandakanya i-core, i-windings, kunye ne-oyile yokukhusela ngokwayo. Ingundoqo ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe ngentsimbi ephezulu kwaye inika indlela ye-magnetic flux. Amajiko-jiko, aquka ii-conductors ezigqunyiweyo, ajikelezwe kumbindi ukuze enze imagnethi kwaye adlulisele amandla ukusuka kwelinye ijiko ukuya kwelinye. I-oyile ekhuselayo ayinikezeli kuphela ukugquma kombane kodwa inceda ukukhupha ukushisa okwenziwa ngexesha lokusebenza.

Ukusebenza kweeTransformers eziGqitywe yiOyile

Ukusebenza kwe-oyile ye-oyile ye-transformer iqala ngokusetyenziswa kwe-alternating current (AC) ukuya kwi-primary winding. Njengoko i-AC yangoku ihamba kwi-winging ephambili, idala indawo eguqukayo yamagnetic kumbindi. Olu tshintsho lutshintshayo lwemagnethi lubangela ukuba kubekho amandla ombane kumjikelo wesibini, onokunyuswa okanye ehle ngokusekwe kwinani leejiko kumjikelo ngamnye.

Njengoko i-transformer isebenza, i-core kunye ne-windings bafumana ukwakhiwa kobushushu ngenxa yokulahleka kombane. I-oyile ekhuselayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekutshitshiseni obu bushushu, ngaloo ndlela igcina i-transformer ngaphakathi kwemida yayo yobushushu. Ukongeza kokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu, ioli yokukhusela inika kwakhona amandla e-dielectric, ukuthintela ukuphuka kombane phakathi kwabaqhubi kunye neendawo.

I-Insulating Oli kwi-Oil-Filled Transformers

I-oyile ekhuselayo esetyenziselwa i-oyile-ezaliswe yi-oyile ye-oyile ngokuqhelekileyo ioli ye-mineral, enika iimpawu ezintle ze-dielectric kunye ne-thermal conductivity ephezulu. Amandla aphezulu e-dielectric yeoli athintela ukuphuka kombane kwi-transformer, ngelixa i-conductivity yayo ye-thermal inceda ukuhambisa ubushushu kude nombindi kunye ne-windings.

Olunye uphawu olubalulekileyo lwe-oyile ekhuselayo kukukwazi ukuziphilisa. Xa ukukhutshwa kombane kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwe-transformer, ixabiso elincinci leoli liba ngumphunga kwaye lenze iigesi ezifana ne-hydrogen kunye ne-methane. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ezi gesi zidibanisa kwakhona ukuvuselela ioli ye-insulating, ukulungisa ngokufanelekileyo nawuphi na umonakalo obangelwa ukukhutshwa kombane.

Ukugcina ukusebenza okufanelekileyo kwe-oyile ye-oyile, kubalulekile ukuvavanya rhoqo ioli ye-insulating yeeparamitha ezifana namandla e-dielectric, umxholo womswakama kunye ne-asidi. Ukongeza, iisampulu zeoyile rhoqo kunye nokuhlalutya kunokunceda ukuchonga imiba enokubakho ngaphambi kokuba ikhokele ekungaphumelelini kwe-transformer.

Iinkqubo zokupholisa kwiiTransformers ezizaliswe yiOyile

Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuphila ixesha elide, ii-transformers ezizaliswe ngeoli zixhotyiswe ngeenkqubo zokupholisa ezinceda ukulawula ukushisa kweoli ye-insulating kunye ne-transformer yonke. Kukho iindlela ezininzi eziqhelekileyo zokupholisa ezisetyenziswa kwii-oyile eziguquguqukayo ezizaliswe yi-oyile, kubandakanywa i-convection yendalo, umoya onyanzeliswayo, kunye nokujikeleza kweoli ngenkani.

Ukupholisa kwe-convection yendalo kuxhomekeke kumjikelezo wendalo we-oyile yokukhusela ngaphakathi kwetanki ye-transformer. Njengoko i-oyile ifunxa ubushushu ukusuka kumbindi kunye namajiko-jiko, iyancipha kwaye inyuke iye phezulu kwitanki, apho ikhupha ubushushu kumoya oyingqongileyo. Ioyile epholileyo emva koko ibuyela ezantsi kwetanki ukugqibezela umjikelo. Ngelixa ukupholisa kwe-convection yendalo kulula kwaye kuthembekile, kusenokungafaneleki kwiziguquli zamandla aphezulu ezifuna ukupholisa okufanelekileyo.

Ukupholisa komoya okunyanzelwayo, kwelinye icala, kusebenzisa iifeni okanye izivutheli ukuba ziqondise umoya wangaphandle kumphezulu wangaphandle wetanki yesiguquli, kube lula ukuhanjiswa kobushushu ukusuka kwi-oyile ukuya emoyeni. Le ndlela isoloko isetyenziswa kwii-transformers ezincinci kwaye inikezela ngesisombululo esineendleko zokulawula ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu.

Ekugqibeleni, ukupholisa ukujikeleza kweoli okunyanzeliswayo kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweempompo ukujikeleza ioli ye-insulating ngokusebenzisa abatshintshi bangaphandle bashushu, apho inokupholiswa ngomoya okanye ngamanzi. Ioyile epholileyo iphinda ibuyiselwe kwitanki ye-transformer ukuphinda umjikelo wokupholisa. Le ndlela isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiinguqu ezinkulu kwaye inika ulawulo oluchanekileyo kwiqondo lokushisa kweoli ye-insulating.

Iingqwalasela zoLondolozo noKhuseleko

Ukugcinwa okufanelekileyo kunye nokuqwalaselwa kokhuseleko kubalulekile ekusebenzeni okuthembekileyo nokukhuselekileyo kweenguqu ezizaliswe yioli. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kwe-transformer, kubandakanywa nokuhlolwa okubonakalayo kunye nokuhlolwa kwe-thermographic, kunokunceda ukuchonga naziphi na iimpawu zokushisa, ukuvuza kweoli, okanye ezinye izinto ezinokubakho. Ukongeza, ukuvavanywa kwamaxesha e-oyile ekhuselayo, njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, kubalulekile ukuvavanya imeko yayo kunye nokuqinisekisa amandla afanelekileyo e-dielectric.

Iingqwalasela zokhuseleko kwii-oyile eziguquguqukayo zibandakanya amanyathelo okuthintela ukuvuza kweoli, imililo, kunye nokungcoliseka kwendalo. Izithintelo ezifanelekileyo kunye nemilinganiselo yokuthintela ukuchitheka kufuneka ibekhona ukunciphisa impembelelo yokuchitheka kweoyile. Ngaphezu koko, iinkqubo zokukhusela umlilo, ezifana nezithintelo zomlilo kunye neenkqubo zokunciphisa ngokuzenzekelayo, zinokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko womlilo onxulumene ne-transformer.

Ukuqukumbela, ii-oyile eziguquguqukayo ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuhanjiswa kwamandla kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezoshishino, ukubonelela ngokuguqulwa kombane osebenzayo nothembekileyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwabo kwe-oyile ekhuselayo njengento epholileyo kunye ne-dielectric medium ibenza bakwazi ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwaye bamelane nobunzima bokuhanjiswa kwamandla ombane. Ngokuqonda imigaqo esisiseko yokusebenza, iimfuno zokugcinwa, kunye nokuqwalaselwa kokhuseleko, kunokwenzeka ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwexesha elide kunye nokukhuselwa kwee-transformers ezizaliswe ngeoli kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.