Umahluko phakathi kweBhokisi yoSasazo kunye neKhabhinethi yoSabelo

Xa kuziwa kwiinkqubo zokuhambisa umbane, enye yezinto eziphambili ezidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuhamba okukhuselekileyo nokusebenzayo kombane yibhokisi yokuhambisa kunye nekhabhinethi yokusabalalisa. Zombini zibalulekile ekulawuleni nasekusasazeni amandla ombane ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo okanye indawo, kodwa zisebenza iinjongo ezahlukeneyo kwaye zineempawu ezahlukileyo ezihlangabezana neemfuno ezithile. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga umahluko phakathi kwebhokisi yokuhambisa kunye nekhabhinethi yokuhambisa, imisebenzi yazo, kunye nezinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha phakathi kwezi zimbini.

Ibhokisi yoSasazo: Umsebenzi kunye neMiba

Ibhokisi yokuhambisa, ekwabizwa ngokuba yibhodi yokuhambisa okanye ibhodi yephaneli, yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yesixokelelwano sombane kwindawo yokuhlala, zorhwebo, kunye nezakhiwo zoshishino. Isebenza njenge-hub esembindini yokuhambisa umbane ukusuka kumbane oyintloko ukuya kwiisekethe ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo zombane ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo. Umsebenzi oyintloko webhokisi lokusabalalisa kukubonelela ngendlela ekhuselekileyo nelungelelanisiweyo yokulawula nokusabalalisa amandla ombane kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ibhokisi yokuhambisa iqulethe i-breakers circuit, i-fuses, okanye i-residual-current devices (RCDs) ukukhusela iisekethe kunye nokukhusela ukugqithiswa kombane okanye iimpazamo. Ikwabandakanya imivalo yebhasi okanye iibhloko zetheminali zokudibanisa iintambo zombane ezingenayo neziphumayo. Inani leesekethe kunye nohlobo lwezixhobo zokukhusela kwibhokisi yokusabalalisa kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno ezithile zofakelo kunye nomthwalo wombane ofunekayo ukuwuphatha.

Kwiindawo zokuhlala, iibhokisi zokuhambisa zivame ukufakwa kwindawo efanelekileyo ngaphakathi kwendlu, njengendawo yokusebenzela okanye igaraji. Ziyilelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusasazwa kombane zekhaya, kubandakanywa izibane, iindawo zokuphuma, izixhobo zasekhitshini, iinkqubo zeHVAC, kunye nezinye izixhobo zombane. Kwizakhiwo zorhwebo kunye nezoshishino, iibhokisi zokuhambisa zidla ngokuba zikhulu ngobukhulu kwaye zinokuthatha inani eliphezulu leesekethe ukuxhasa imithwalo yombane eyahlukeneyo yeziko.

Ukukhethwa kwebhokisi yokuhambisa kusekelwe kwizinto ezifana nomthwalo opheleleyo wombane, inani leesekethe ezifunekayo, uhlobo lwezixhobo zokukhusela ezifunekayo, kunye nendawo ekhoyo yofakelo. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba ibhokisi yokusabalalisa ihlangabezana neemfuno zokhuseleko kunye nekhowudi kwisicelo esithile kwaye ihambelana nemigangatho kunye nemimiselo yombane efanelekileyo.

IKhabhinethi yokusasaza: Umsebenzi kunye neMiba

Ngokwahlukileyo kwibhokisi yokusabalalisa, ikhabhinethi yokusabalalisa iyinxalenye yombane ebanzi kunye neyinkimbinkimbi esetyenziselwa kwiindawo zoshishino kunye nezorhwebo ukulawula imithwalo emikhulu yombane kunye neemfuno zokusabalalisa okunzima. Iikhabhathi zokusasaza ziyilelwe ukuba zihlale kwaye zisasaze amandla ombane kwiisekethe ezininzi, oomatshini, izixhobo, kunye neenkqubo zolawulo ngaphakathi kwendawo.

Umsebenzi oyintloko wekhabhinethi yokusabalalisa kukubonelela ngeendlela eziphambili kunye nezilungelelanisiweyo zokulawula kunye nokusabalalisa amandla ombane kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zeshishini okanye ishishini. Ihlala ibandakanya indibaniselwano yezaphuli zesekethe, ii-contactors, ii-relays, ii-transformers, kunye namanye amacandelo ombane ukuxhasa iimfuno zokuhambisa amandla ezohlukeneyo zeziko.

Ngokungafaniyo nebhokisi yokuhambisa, ikhabhinethi yokuhanjiswa ngokuqhelekileyo inkulu ngobukhulu kwaye yenzelwe ukuhlalisa inani eliphezulu leesekethe kunye nomthwalo omkhulu wombane. Isenokubandakanya iimpawu ezifana nokujongwa kwamandla kunye neenkqubo zokulawula, amandla okulawula kude, kunye nokukhusela okuphambili kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokusasazwa kombane ngaphakathi kwendawo.

Kwiimeko zoshishino, iikhabhinethi zokusasaza zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zesityalo, kubandakanywa imigca yokuvelisa, oomatshini, iimoto, ukukhanya, iinkqubo zeHVAC kunye neminye imithwalo yombane. Zihlala ziyilelwe ukuba zihlangabezane neemfuno ezikhethekileyo zesibonelelo kwaye zifakwe kumagumbi ombane anikezelweyo okanye amacandelo ukuqinisekisa ukufikelela lula ukugcinwa kunye nenkonzo.

Ukukhethwa kwekhabhinethi yokuhambisa kusekelwe kwizinto ezifana nomthwalo opheleleyo wombane, inani kunye nohlobo lweesekethe ezifunekayo, izixhobo ezithile kunye noomatshini abaza kunikwa amandla, kunye namandla okulawula kunye nokubeka esweni afunekayo kwinkqubo yombane yesibonelelo. Kubalulekile ukusebenza kunye neenjineli zombane eziqeqeshiweyo kunye neengcali zokuyila, ukucacisa, kunye nokufaka ikhabhinethi yokusabalalisa efanelekileyo ehlangabezana neemfuno zobugcisa kunye nokhuseleko lwesicelo.

Umahluko oPhambili phakathi kweBhokisi yoSasazo kunye neKhabhinethi yoSabelo

Ngelixa zombini iibhokisi zokuhambisa kunye neekhabhinethi zokuhambisa ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeenkqubo zokuhambisa umbane, zineyantlukwano eyahlukileyo ngokwemisebenzi yazo, iimpawu, kunye nezicelo. Ukuqonda lo mahluko kubalulekile ekukhetheni icandelo elifanelekileyo kwiimfuno ezithile zokuhambisa umbane.

1. Ubungakanani kunye nesakhono:

Iibhokisi zokuhambisa ziqhelekile ukuba zincinci ngobukhulu kwaye ziyilelwe ukujongana neemfuno zokuhanjiswa kwamandla kweendawo zokuhlala, zorhwebo, kunye nezicwangciso ezincinci zemizi-mveliso. Bahlalisa inani eliqingqiweyo leesekethe kwaye banamandla ombane ophantsi xa kuthelekiswa neekhabhathi zokuhambisa.

Ngokwahlukileyo, iikhabhinethi zokusasaza zikhulu ngobukhulu kwaye zenzelwe ukujongana neemfuno zokuhanjiswa kwamandla kumashishini amakhulu kunye neendawo zorhwebo. Banokwamkela inani eliphezulu leesekethe kwaye babe nomthamo ophezulu womthwalo wombane ukuxhasa iimfuno zokuhanjiswa kwamandla okwahlukeneyo kwiziko.

2. Ukuntsonkotha kunye neMicimbi:

Iibhokisi zokusasaza zithe tye ngokuthe ngqo kuyilo lwazo kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ziqulathe izaphuli zesekethe, iifuse, okanye ii-RCD, kunye nemivalo yebhasi okanye iibhloko zetheminali zokudibanisa iintambo zombane. Zenzelwe ukuhanjiswa kwamandla okusisiseko kunye nokukhuselwa kwesekethe ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iikhabhinethi zokusasaza zinzima ngakumbi kuyilo lwazo kwaye zibandakanya uluhlu olubanzi lwamacandelo ombane, kubandakanywa i-breaker circuit, i-contactors, i-relays, i-transformers, iinkqubo zokubeka iliso zamandla, kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela eziphezulu. Baxhotyiselwe ukulawula imithwalo emikhulu yombane, oomatshini abahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo, kunye neemfuno ezintsonkothileyo zokuhambisa amandla kwishishini kunye nentengiso.

3. Ukusetyenziswa kunye nokusetyenziswa:

Iibhokisi zokusasaza ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo zokuhlala, zorhwebo, kunye nezicwangciso ezincinci zemizi-mveliso ukuhambisa amandla ekukhanyeni, kwiindawo zokuthengisa, izixhobo zombane, kunye nezinye izixhobo zombane ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo. Banikezela ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo kunye nezilungelelanisiweyo zokulawula kunye nokukhusela iisekethe zombane zekhaya kunye nezicelo ezincinci.

Iikhabhinethi zokusasaza zisetyenziswa kumashishini amakhulu kunye nezicwangciso zorhwebo ukulawula ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kwiisekethe ezininzi, oomatshini, izixhobo kunye neenkqubo zokulawula ngaphakathi kwendawo. Ziyilelwe ukubonelela ngesisombululo esisembindini nesibanzi sokusasazwa kwamandla kunye nokulawula ukuxhasa iimfuno zombane ezahlukeneyo zeziko.

4. Ukwenza ngokwezifiso kunye nokuguquguquka:

Iibhokisi zokusasaza zikhoyo ngokobukhulu obuqhelekileyo kunye nolungelelwaniso, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo zifakwe njengeeyunithi ezizimeleyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zokuhambisa amandla kwisakhiwo. Banikezela ngenqanaba elisisiseko sokwenza ngokwezifiso kunye nokuguquguquka ukulungiselela umthwalo wombane kunye neemfuno zesekethe zofakelo.

Iikhabhinethi zokusasaza zihlala ziyilwe kwaye zenziwe ngobunjineli ukuze zihlangabezane neemfuno ezithile zokusasazwa kwamandla kumashishini amakhulu kunye neendawo zorhwebo. Banikezela ngenqanaba eliphezulu lokwenza ngokwezifiso kunye nokuguquguquka ukujongana nemithwalo eyahlukeneyo yombane, oomatshini, izixhobo, kunye neenkqubo zolawulo ngaphakathi kwendawo, kwaye zihlala zidityaniswa kuyilo lwenkqubo yombane iyonke.

5. UMmiselo kunye nokuThotyelwa:

Iibhokisi zokusasaza zixhomekeke kwiikhowudi zombane kunye nemigangatho elawula ukufakela, ukuyila kunye neemfuno zokhuseleko. Kufuneka bathobele imimiselo efanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa okukhuselekileyo nokufanelekileyo kombane ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo kunye nokukhusela kwiingozi zombane kunye neziphene.

Iikhabhinethi zokusasaza nazo ziphantsi kweekhowudi zombane kunye nemigangatho, kodwa imimiselo elawula ukufakela kwabo, ukuyila, kunye neemfuno zokhuseleko zingqongqo ngenxa yemithwalo emikhulu yombane kunye neemfuno zokusabalalisa okunzima abakwenzayo. Kufuneka bahambelane nemigangatho ethile yoshishino kunye nemimiselo yeenkqubo zombane zezoshishino kunye nezorhwebo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko, ukuthembeka, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokuhanjiswa kwamandla ngaphakathi kwendawo.

Ukukhetha phakathi kweBhokisi yoSasazo kunye neKhabhinethi yoSabelo

Xa kuziwa ekukhetheni phakathi kwebhokisi yokusabalalisa kunye nekhabhinethi yokusabalalisa imfuno ethile yokusabalalisa umbane, kukho izinto ezininzi ezifunekayo ukuba ziqwalaselwe ukugqiba isisombululo esifanelekileyo. Ezi zinto zibandakanya umthwalo opheleleyo wombane, inani kunye nohlobo lweesekethe ezifunekayo, iimfuno ezithile zokuhanjiswa kwamandla kwesicelo, kunye neemfuno zokulawula kunye nokhuseleko ekufuneka zihlangatyezwe.

Kwiindawo ezincinci zokuhlala, zorhwebo, kunye neendawo ezincinci zemizi-mveliso ezinemithwalo yombane ephantsi kunye neemfuno ezilula zokuhambisa amandla, ibhokisi yokuhambisa idla ngokuba yeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo. Ibonelela ngesisombululo esingabizi kakhulu nesisebenzayo sokulawula kunye nokuhambisa umbane kwiisekethe ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo, kwaye kulula ukuyifaka kunye nokugcina.

Kwimizi-mveliso emikhulu kunye neendawo zorhwebo ezinemithwalo ephezulu yombane, oomatshini abahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo, kunye neemfuno zokuhambisa amandla anzima, ikhabhinethi yokuhambisa lolona khetho lukhethiweyo. Inika amandla, ukuguquguquka, kunye neempawu eziphambili ezifunekayo ukulawula iimfuno zombane ezahlukeneyo zeziko, kwaye inokuqulunqwa ngokwesiko ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zofakelo.

Xa ukhetha phakathi kwebhokisi yokusabalalisa kunye nekhabhinethi yokusabalalisa, kubalulekile ukusebenzisana neenjineli zombane eziqeqeshiweyo, iingcali, kunye nababoneleli abanokubonelela ngobuchule bokuyila, ukucacisa, kunye nokufaka isisombululo esifanelekileyo sokusasaza umbane kwisicelo. Banokuvavanya iimfuno ezithile zokusasazwa kwamandla ofakelo kwaye bacebise elona candelo lifanelekileyo elihlangabezana neemfuno zobugcisa, zolawulo, kunye nokhuseleko.

Ukuqukumbela, iibhokisi zokuhambisa kunye neekhabhinethi zokusasaza zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zokusasazwa kombane, nganye isebenzela imisebenzi ethile kunye nokubonelela ngeemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokuhambisa amandla. Ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kwala macandelo mabini kubalulekile ekwenzeni izigqibo ezinolwazi xa kufikwa ekukhetheni esona sisombululo sifanelekileyo sokuhambisa umbane kwindawo yokuhlala, yorhwebo, kunye nezicelo zoshishino. Ngokuqwalasela iimfuno ezithile zofakelo kunye nokusebenza kunye neengcali eziqeqeshiweyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukhethe icandelo elifanelekileyo elihlangabezana neemfuno zokhuseleko, ukuthembeka, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokusabalalisa umbane.

Isishwankathelo, iibhokisi zokuhambisa kunye neekhabhinethi zokusasaza ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeenkqubo zokuhambisa umbane, nganye ikhonza imisebenzi ethile kunye nokubonelela ngeemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokuhambisa amandla. Iibhokisi zokusasaza zincinci, zilula, kwaye zenzelwe indawo yokuhlala, zorhwebo, kunye nezicwangciso ezincinci zemizi-mveliso, ngelixa iikhabhinethi zokusasaza zinkulu, zinzima, kwaye zenzelwe izibonelelo ezinkulu zoshishino kunye nezorhwebo. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela izinto ezinjengomthwalo opheleleyo wombane, inani kunye nohlobo lweesekethe ezifunekayo, iimfuno ezithile zokusasazwa kwamandla kwesicelo, kunye neemfuno zolawulo kunye nokhuseleko xa ukhetha phakathi kwamacandelo amabini. Ngokuqonda iiyantlukwano kunye nokusebenza kunye neengcali eziqeqeshiweyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukhethe isisombululo esifanelekileyo sokusabalalisa umbane esihlangabezana neemfuno zobugcisa, zokulawula kunye nokhuseleko lofakelo.