Iindidi zeMathiriyeli enguNdoqo: Iikhrayitheriya zokuKhetha ukuSebenza ngokuFanelekileyo

Ii-cores zeTransformer zizinto ezibalulekileyo ekusasazeni nasekuhanjisweni kwamandla ombane. Ukusebenza kwabo kunye nokusebenza kwabo kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwezinto eziphambili ezisetyenzisiweyo. Ngezixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo, ukukhetha okulungileyo kunokuchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle, ukonga amandla, kunye nobomi obude be-transformer. Kweli nqaku, siza kuhlolisisa kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo eziphambili ze-transformer kwaye sihlolisise iindlela zokukhetha ukufezekisa ukusebenza kakuhle. Makhe sihlolisise ukuba uhlobo ngalunye lwemathiriyeli luchaphazela njani umsebenzi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweziguquli, siqinisekisa ukuba wenza isigqibo esinolwazi xa ukhetha izixhobo zesicelo sakho.

ISilicon Steel: Umgangatho woShishino

Insimbi ye-silicon ithathwa ngokubanzi njengomgangatho woshishino lwee-cores ze-transformer. Yintsimbi enekhabhoni ephantsi equlathe malunga ne-3% yesilicon ebonelela ngeempawu ezibalaseleyo zemagnethi, iyenza isebenze kakuhle ekuguquleni nasekusasazeni amandla. Inzuzo ephambili yesi sixhobo ixhomekeke ekukwazini ukunciphisa ilahleko engundoqo, leyo amandla achithwa ngendlela yobushushu ngaphakathi kwengundoqo. I-Silicon steel ifezekisa oku ngokumelana nombane ophezulu, okunciphisa i-eddy currents - i-loops yendawo yombane eyenza ubushushu.

Enye inkalo ebalulekileyo yentsimbi ye-silicon sisakhiwo sayo esijolise kwiinkozo. I-silicon-oriented silicon steel (GOES) ibonakalisa iinkozo ezilungelelanisiweyo eziphucula iimpawu zayo zemagneti ecaleni kwendlela yolungelelwaniso lweenkozo, iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle. Esi sakhiwo senza ukuba kube yinto efanelekileyo kwizicelo ezifuna ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nelahleko ephantsi, njengeziguquli zamandla.

Ngapha koko, iipropathi ze-silicon zentsimbi zinegalelo ekuthandeni kwayo. Ukuqina kwayo kunye nokukwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo ngaphandle kokuguqulwa okubonakalayo kuqinisekisa ixesha elide kunye nokuthembeka. Ukongeza, intsimbi yesilicon iyafikeleleka xa ithelekiswa nezinye izixhobo ezingundoqo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe lukhetho olungabizi kakhulu kwizicelo ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, i-drawback ephambili kukuchaphazeleka kwayo kwi-magnetostriction-ipropathi ebangela ukuba izinto zande kwaye zinciphe phantsi kwempembelelo yamandla kazibuthe, edla ngokukhokelela kwingxolo.

Ngokubanzi, intsimbi yesilicon ihlala isisiseko kwishishini le-transformer ngenxa yebhalansi yokusebenza kwayo, iindleko, kunye nokufumaneka. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngokubanzi kubungqina bokusebenza kwayo ekugcineni i-transformer esebenzayo kunye nokuzinza kokusebenza.

I-Amorphous Metal: I-High-Efficiency Contender

Intsimbi yeAmorphous, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiglasi yentsimbi, yenye imathiriyeli engundoqo ethe yafumana ukutsaleka ekusebenzeni kwayo okubalaseleyo. Ngokungafaniyo nentsimbi ye-silicon, isinyithi se-amorphous asinalo isakhiwo se-crystalline, esinciphisa kakhulu ukubunjwa kwee-eddy currents kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ilahleko engundoqo. Esi sixhobo senziwe nge-silicon, isinyithi, kunye ne-boron, epholile ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokuvelisa ukugcina imeko yayo ye-amorphous.

Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zentsimbi ye-amorphous yilahleko yayo ephantsi kakhulu. Esi sixhobo sinokufezekisa ilahleko engundoqo ephantsi njengesinye kwisithathu sezo zisensimbi ye-silicon, okwenza kube yinto enqwenelekayo kakhulu kwizicelo apho ukusebenza kakuhle kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, ii-transformer zokuhambisa ezisebenza ngokuqhubekayo zinokubona ukongiwa kwamandla xa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezingundoqo ze-amorphous, ezikhokelela kwiindleko zokusebenza eziphantsi kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo.

Ukongeza, isinyithi se-amorphous sibonisa ukugqwesa kwemagnethi okugqwesileyo, okuthetha ukuba inokufikelela kumanqanaba aphezulu okungeniswa kwemagnethi kunye nelahleko encinci yokuvuselela. Le propati iphakamisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-transformer, ngokukodwa phantsi kweemeko zomthwalo ophantsi. Nangona kunjalo, i-brittleness ye-brittleness inika umngeni, okwenza kube nzima ukuyiphatha kunye nokusebenza kunentsimbi ye-silicon.

Nangona le mingeni, iinzuzo zetsimbi ye-amorphous zihlala zigqithisa ukusilela, ngakumbi xa amandla ombane kunye nokugcinwa kweendleko zexesha elide zizinto eziphambili eziphambili. Utyalo-mali lokuqala kwi-amorphous core transformers lunokuba luphezulu, kodwa ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunokubonelela ngembuyekezo ebalulekileyo yemali kunye nokusingqongileyo ngexesha lokuphila komguquli.

I-Ferrite: Isisombululo se-High-Frequency

Izinto eziphambili zeFerrite zenziwe nge-iron oxide exutywe nezinto ezahlukeneyo zetsimbi njengemanganese, zinc, kunye nenickel. Ezi khompawundi ze-ceramic zibonelela ngeempawu ezikhethekileyo ezenza ukuba zilungele usetyenziso oluthile, ngakumbi kwiziguquli ezikwi-frequency high-frequency ezifana nezo zifumaneka kwi-switch-mode power supply kunye ne-flyback transformers.

Inzuzo ephambili yee-ferrite cores kukumelana nombane ophakamileyo, onciphisa ilahleko yangoku ye-eddy nakwii-frequencies eziphezulu. Olu phawu luvumela ii-ferrite cores ukuba zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo kuluhlu lwe-kilohertz ukuya kwi-megahertz, nto leyo ezenza zibe yimfuneko kwizinto zombane zanamhlanje apho indawo kunye nobunzima ziyimiqobo ebalulekileyo.

IiFerrites zikwaphawulwa ngokuzinza kwazo kuluhlu olubanzi lwamaqondo obushushu. Iimpawu zabo zamagnetic azichatshazelwa kancinci kukuhluka kobushushu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izinto eziphambili, ukuphucula ukuthembeka kwiimeko eziguquguqukayo zokusingqongileyo. Ukongeza, ii-ferrite cores zihlala zikhaphukhaphu kwaye kulula ukumila, zibonelela ngokuguquguquka koyilo kwizicelo apho ifom factor ibalulekile.

Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ii-ferrite cores zinamanqanaba asezantsi okugcwala kwemagnethi xa kuthelekiswa nentsimbi yesilicon kunye neentsimbi ze-amorphous. Lo mda unqanda ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwizicelo ezifuna imagnethi ephezulu kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimfuno eziphezulu ze-frequency kunye ne-high-effective, i-ferrite ihlala ikhethiweyo ephezulu, inika isisombululo esikhethekileyo esisebenzayo nesithembekileyo.

I-Nanocrystalline Alloys: I-Cutting-Edge yokuKhetha

Izinto eziphambili zeNanocrystalline zibonisa umda kwitekhnoloji engundoqo ye-transformer. Ezi zinto zihamba phambili zidalwe ngokupholisa ngokukhawuleza i-alloy etyhidiweyo, efana nesinyithi se-amorphous, kodwa kunye neenkqubo ezongezelelweyo zokuthungatha iinkozo ezinobungakanani be-nanometer. Esi sakhiwo esiyingqayizivele sinika indibaniselwano yeempawu ze-amorphous kunye ne-crystalline, okubangelwa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamagnetic.

I-Nanocrystalline alloys ibonisa ilahleko ye-ultra-low core, nangaphantsi kuneentsimbi ze-amorphous, ngenxa yokumelana nombane ophezulu kunye nokunciphisa ukubunjwa kwe-eddy yangoku. Zikwabonisa ukugqwesa kwemagnethi okugqwesileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo phantsi kweemeko zombini eziphakamileyo nezisezantsi. Ezi zixhobo zifaneleke ngokukodwa ukuxinana kwamandla aphezulu kunye noyilo lwe-compact transformer, njengazo zisetyenziswe kwiinkqubo zamandla avuselelekayo kunye nezithuthi zombane.

Ngapha koko, izixhobo ze-nanocrystalline ziqhayisa uzinzo oluphezulu lwe-thermal kunye ne-saturation magnetization, ezivumela ukuba zimelane nemithwalo ephezulu ye-thermal ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni ukusebenza. Oku kubenza babe lolona khetho lubalaseleyo kwizicelo ezifuna ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokomelela. Ngaphandle kwezi nzuzo, umngeni ophambili yindleko-i-nanocrystalline alloys zibiza kakhulu ukuvelisa kunezinye izinto eziphambili, ukunciphisa ukwamkelwa kwazo ngokubanzi.

Nangona kunjalo, imfuno ekhulayo ye-eneji esebenzayo kunye ne-high-performance transformers iqhuba umdla kwii-nanocrystalline cores. Njengoko ubugcisa bemveliso buqhubela phambili kwaye iindleko ziyancipha, izinto ze-nanocrystalline zilindeleke ukuba zifikeleleke ngakumbi, zinika ukusebenza okungenakulinganiswa koluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo.

Intsimbi yePowder: Iindleko zokulinganisa kunye nokuSebenza

Iintsimbi ze-iron powder zibandakanya amasuntswana entsimbi adityaniswe kunye nezinto ezikhuselayo, ezenza imilo ehlangeneyo. Olu lwakhiwo lubonelela ngeepropati ezikhethekileyo ezilinganisa iindleko kunye nokusebenza, okwenza isinyithi somgubo sibe yinto ekhangayo kwizicelo ezithile ze-transformer.

Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zentsimbi engumgubo yindleko yayo ephakathi xa kuthelekiswa nezinto eziphambili ezifana ne-nanocrystalline okanye i-amorphous metals. Inika ukuphuculwa kokusebenza okufanelekileyo ngaphezu kwentsimbi ye-silicon yendabuko ngelixa ifikeleleka ngakumbi, eluncedo kakhulu kwizicelo ezinemiqobo yebhajethi.

Iintsimbi zomgubo wentsimbi zikwabonisa ukugcwala okuphakamileyo kwamagnetic, okubenza bakwazi ukuphatha uxinano oluphezulu lwemagnethi ngaphandle kokugcwala. Olu phawu lubenza bafanelekele izicelo ezifuna ukusebenza ngamandla, njengama-inductors kunye nabaguquli bamandla kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo zombane. Ukongezelela, i-conductivity yabo ephezulu ye-thermal iqinisekisa ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu obusebenzayo, okufaka isandla kubomi obude bokusebenza kunye nokuthembeka.

Nangona kunjalo, iicores zentsimbi ezinomgubo zikholisa ukuba nelahleko ephezulu kunezinye izinto eziphambili, zinciphisa ukusebenza kwazo. Bakwachaphazeleka kuxinzelelo lomatshini, olunokuthi luchaphazele iipropathi zabo zamagnetic ngokuhamba kwexesha. Nangona le mida, isinyithi esinomgubo sihlala silukhetho olusebenzayo kwizicelo apho ibhalansi yeendleko kunye nokusebenza kubalulekile.

Ukushwankathela inqaku, siye saphonononga izixhobo ezingundoqo ze-transformer, nganye ibonelela ngezinto eziluncedo kunye nemiceli mngeni. Insimbi ye-silicon ihlala ingumgangatho weshishini ngenxa yebhalansi yayo yokusebenza kakuhle kunye neendleko. Isinyithi se-amorphous sibonelela ngogcino lwamandla olukhethekileyo ngokunciphisa ilahleko engundoqo. I-Ferrite cores igqwesa kwizicelo eziphezulu ze-frequency, ngelixa i-nanocrystalline alloys ibonelela ngokusebenza okubukhali. Okokugqibela, iintsimbi ezinomgubo zibetha ulungelelwaniso phakathi kweendleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

Ukuqukumbela, ukukhetha eyona nto ingundoqo ye-transformer ixhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa iimfuno zokusebenza kakuhle, iimeko zokusebenza, kunye nemiqobo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Ukuqonda iimpawu ezizodwa zohlobo ngalunye lwemathiriyeli kwenza ukuba kwenziwe izigqibo ezinolwazi, ukuqinisekisa okona kufanelekileyo kwisicelo sakho esithile kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza ngokubanzi kunye nokuthembeka.