Ukuqonda iiPropati ze-Insulation ze-Oli eNtsundu yeTransformers

Iziguquli ze-oyile ezintywiliselweyo zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zamandla ombane, ezisetyenziselwa ukusasaza nokusasaza amandla ombane. Ezi ziguquli zithembele kwiipropati ezisebenzayo zokugquma ukuqinisekisa ukudluliselwa okukhuselekileyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla ombane. Ukuqonda iipropathi ze-insulation ze-oyile ezicwilisiweyo ze-transformers zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kwazo okuthembekileyo kunye nokuphila ixesha elide.

Izinto zokufakelwa kwe-insulation zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwee-oyile eziguquguqukayo, njengoko zijongene nokuthintela ukuchithwa kombane kunye nokuqinisekisa ukunyaniseka kwesakhiwo se-transformer. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga iipropathi zokugquma kweziguquli ezintywilisiweyo zeoyile, kubandakanya izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, iindlela zovavanyo ezisetyenzisiweyo, kunye nezinto ezichaphazela ukusebenza kwe-insulation.

Izixhobo zokugquma ezisetyenziswa kwi-Oli eNtsundu iiTransformers

I-insulation system ye-oyile entywiliselwa i-transformer iquka izinto ezahlukeneyo ezisebenza kunye ukubonelela ngombane, i-thermal, kunye nokhuseleko lomatshini. Izinto eziphambili zokugquma kwi-oyile i-immersed transformers yi-cellulose, esetyenziswa ngendlela yephepha kunye nebhodi yokushicilela. Ukufakwa kwe-cellulose kukubonelela ngeempawu ezibalaseleyo ze-dielectric kwaye iyakwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu lombane. Ukongeza kwi-cellulose, ukugquma kwe-transformer kunokubandakanya izinto zokugquma ezifakwe kwi-oyile njenge-oyile yamaminerali okanye i-esters yokwenziwa. I-oyile isebenza njengesipholisi kwaye inika amandla ongezelelweyo e-dielectric kwisixokelelwano sokugquma.

Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokugquma kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana neklasi yombane we-transformer, umlinganiselo wamandla, kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo. Umzekelo, ii-transformers ezisebenza kumandla ombane aphezulu zinokufuna ukugquma okutyebileyo ukumelana noxinzelelo olukhulu lombane. Ngokufanayo, ii-transformer ezifakwe kwindawo ezonakalisayo zinokusebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokugquma ukuxhathisa ukuthotywa.

Ukuvavanywa rhoqo kwezixhobo zokugquma kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwazo okuqhubekayo. Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwe-cellulose insulation ngumlinganiselo weqondo le-polymerization (DP), ebonisa ubude be-molecular chain ye-cellulose. Ukuncipha kwe-DP ekuhambeni kwexesha kungabonakalisa ukuthotywa kwezinto zokugquma, kubangela imfuno yokugcinwa okanye ukutshintshwa. Ukongeza kuvavanyo lwe-DP, iimvavanyo zekhwalithi yeoli inokuvavanya imeko ye-oyile ekhuselayo kwaye ichonge nayiphi na imiba enokuthi ichaphazele iipropathi zokugquma kwe-transformer.

Isishwankathelo, izinto zokufakelwa kwe-insulation ezisetyenziselwa i-oyile i-immersed transformers ziyimfuneko yokugcina ingqibelelo yenkqubo yokukhusela i-transformer kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo. Uvavanyo rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa kubalulekile ekuchongeni nakuphi na ukuthotywa kwezinto zokugquma kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo okulungisa ukugcina iimpawu zokugquma kwe-transformer.

Iindlela zoVavanyo lweePropati zokuKhusela

Iipropathi ze-insulation ze-oyile ezintywilisiweyo zivavanywa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuvavanya amandla azo e-dielectric, ukusebenza kwe-thermal, kunye nemfezeko iyonke. Iimvavanyo ze-Dielectric ziqhele ukwenziwa ukulinganisa ukukwazi kwe-insulation ukumelana noxinzelelo lombane ngaphandle kokwaphuka. Olunye lolona vavanyo lwe-dielectric lusetyenziswa kakhulu luvavanyo lwamandla, oluvavanya i-dissipation factor of the insulation. Ixabiso eliphezulu lamandla lingabonisa ubukho bokufuma, ukungcola, okanye ukuthotywa kwe-insulation, kufuna uphando olungakumbi kunye nokugcinwa.

Olunye uvavanyo lwe-dielectric olubalulekileyo luvavanyo lwe-AC lokumelana nombane, olubeka ubushushu bombane kumbane ophezulu ukuqinisekisa ukukwazi kwayo ukumelana noxinzelelo lombane ngaphandle kokusilela. Uvavanyo lwe-Thermal, olufana novavanyo lokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa, luvavanya ukukwazi kwe-insulation ukumelana nobushushu kunye nokugcina iimpawu zayo ze-dielectric ngaphakathi kwemida yokushisa echaziweyo. Uvavanyo lokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa lubandakanya ukunika amandla i-transformer kumthwalo opheleleyo ukulinganisa ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa kwe-insulation kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba ihlala ngaphakathi kwemida eyamkelekileyo.

Ukongeza kuvavanyo lwe-dielectric kunye ne-thermal, iimvavanyo zoomatshini ezifana novavanyo lwesekethe emfutshane kunye novavanyo lwe-voltage ye-impulse ivavanya ukukwazi kwe-insulation ukumelana noxinzelelo loomatshini kunye nolwexeshana. Uvavanyo olufutshane lwesekethe luchaphazela i-transformer kwi-current fault currents ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunyaniseka kwe-insulation kunye namandla onke omatshini we-transformer. Ngokukwanjalo, uvavanyo lwe-voltage ye-impulse ilinganisa umbane kunye nokutshintsha i-surges ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukukwazi kwe-insulation ukumelana noxinzelelo lwamandla okwethutyana.

Iindlela zokuvavanya iipropathi zokugquma zibalulekile ekuhloleni imeko yenkqubo yokugquma i-transformer kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwayo. Uvavanyo lwesiqhelo, oludityaniswe nokugcinwa kokukhusela, lunceda ukuchonga nayiphi na imiba enokuthi ifakwe kwi-insulation kwaye ivumela ukuba kuthathwe amanyathelo okulungisa ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo ye-transformer.

Izinto ezichaphazela ukusebenza kwe-Insulation

Izinto ezininzi zinokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwe-insulation ye-oyile entywiliselwe i-oyile, echaphazela ukuthembeka kunye nokuphila ixesha elide. Iimeko zokusingqongileyo, ezifana neqondo lokushisa, ukufuma, kunye nongcoliseko, kunokuba nefuthe elibalulekileyo kwiipropati ze-insulation ze-transformer. Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu anokukhawulezisa ukuthotywa kwemathiriyeli yokugquma, ngelixa ukufuma okugqithisileyo kunokukhokelela ekungeneni kokufuma, oko kubeke esichengeni amandla e-dielectric. Ungcoliseko, kubandakanywa uthuli, ityuwa, kunye nongcoliseko lweekhemikhali, lunokonakalisa ukugquma kunye nokwenza iindlela zokuqhuba phakathi kwezinto zombane, ezinokubangela ukuphuka kombane.

Ngaphaya koko, uxinzelelo lombane olufunyanwa zizixhobo zokugquma luyinto ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni ukusebenza kwabo. Iziguquli zamandla ombane aphezulu zifuna ukugquma okungqindilili kunye nokomelele ngakumbi ukumelana noxinzelelo olwandisiweyo lombane. Ngokufanayo, uxinzelelo lomatshini oluvela kwiisekethe ezimfutshane kunye neziganeko ezidlulayo zinokuchaphazela ingqibelelo ye-insulation, efuna uvavanyo olucokisekileyo kunye novavanyo lokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka komguquli.

Uyilo kunye nokwakhiwa kwe-transformer, kubandakanywa ukulungelelaniswa kweekhoyili, izinto zokugquma, kunye nenkqubo yokupholisa, kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwe-insulation. Iingqwalasela ezifanelekileyo zokuyila, ezifana nokukhethwa kwezinto ezifanelekileyo zokugquma kunye neendlela zokupholisa, kunokunyusa iipropati ze-transformer ze-insulation kunye nokuphucula ukuthembeka kwayo yonke.

Ukuqukumbela, ukuqonda izinto ezahlukeneyo ezichaphazela ukusebenza kwe-insulation kubalulekile ekugcineni ukuthembeka kunye nobomi obude be-oyile entywiliselwe i-oyile. Ngokujongana nokusingqongileyo, i-voltage, kunye neengqalelo zoomatshini, kunye nokuqinisekisa uyilo olufanelekileyo kunye nokwakhiwa, abaqhubi be-transformer banokwandisa iipropati zokugquma kwaye bandise ubomi benkonzo yabaguquli babo.

Ukuqukumbela

Iipropathi zokugquma kwee-oyile ezintywilisiweyo zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nokuthembekileyo kweenkqubo zamandla ombane. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezisebenzayo zokugquma, ezidityaniswe nokuvavanya rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa, kubalulekile ekugcineni ukunyaniseka kwenkqubo yokukhusela i-transformer kunye nokwandisa ubomi bayo benkonzo. Ngokuqonda izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, iindlela zokuvavanya, kunye nezinto eziphembelela ukusebenza kwe-insulation, abaqhubi banokulawula ngokuqhubekayo iimpahla zabo ze-transformer kwaye banciphise umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli okunxulumene nokugquma.

Isishwankathelo, i-insulation ye-oyile i-immersed transformers idinga ingqalelo ngokucophelela ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba kubandakanya ukukhetha izinto ezifanelekileyo zokugquma, ukuqhuba uvavanyo olucokisekileyo, okanye ukujongana nemiba yokusingqongileyo kunye noyilo, ukubeka phambili iipropati ze-insulation kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwexesha elide le-oyile i-transformers. Ngokuhlala benolwazi kwaye bekhuthele ekulawuleni ukugqunyelelwa kwe-transformer, abaqhubi banokwandisa ukuthembeka kwee-transformer zabo kwaye bafake isandla kuzinzo jikelele lweenkqubo zamandla ombane.