UCanwin yiNkampani yeNkampani yoTshintsho lwaMandla kunye noMvelisi woMbane woMbane
Ulwimi
UCanwin yiNkampani yeNkampani yoTshintsho lwaMandla kunye noMvelisi woMbane woMbane
Umgangatho wamandla (PQ) yeyona nto ibalulekileyo emisela ukusebenza, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nexesha elide lezixhobo zombane. Ngokwenyani, i-PQ ibhekisa kwiqondo lokutenxa kumandla ombane ukusuka kwimo ye-wave ye-sinusoidal efanelekileyo ngokumalunga nokuphindaphindwa, amandla ombane, kunye nangoku. Umgangatho wamandla aphezulu uthetha ukuba amandla ombane anikezelweyo ahambelana ngokugqibeleleyo ne-sine wave, ekhokelela ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwezixhobo zombane.
Kumxholo wokusebenza kwesixhobo soguqulo, i-PQ idlala indima ebalulekileyo. Iinguqu, njengamacandelo abalulekileyo eenkqubo zamandla, zifuna amandla akumgangatho ophezulu ukuze zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo. Ukusebenza kwezixhobo ze-transformer kuhambelana ngokuthe ngqo nomgangatho wamandla afumanayo. I-PQ elungileyo iqinisekisa ukuba iziguquli zisebenza ngowona mgangatho wamandla wazo ngelixa zinciphisa ilahleko yamandla kunye nokwandisa ubomi babo benkonzo.
I-PQ ehlwempuzekileyo, kwelinye icala, inokukhokelela kwimiba emininzi efana nokutshisa, ukonyuka kokusetyenziswa kwamandla, ukunciphisa ixesha lokuphila kwezixhobo, kunye nokusilela okuyintlekele. Ke ngoko, ukuqonda kunye nokugcina i-PQ ephezulu kubalulekile ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwesixhobo soguqulo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kweenkqubo zamandla.
Impembelelo yoMgangatho waMandla oMbi
Umgangatho ophantsi wamandla unokuchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kweizixhobo zesiguquli, ekhokelela kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeziphumo ezimbi. Ezi ziphumo azichaphazeli nje ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo kodwa zikwabangela inkxalabo enkulu yezoqoqosho.
Omnye owona monakalo uphambili obangelwa yi-PQ embi kukuwohloka kwempilo ye-transformer. I-PQ engalunganga, ephawulwa zizinto ezinje ngee-voltage sags, ukudumba, i-harmonics, kunye ne-transients, kunokubangela ukufudumeza okugqithisileyo kwiziguquli. Obu bushushu bungafanelekanga bunokonakalisa imathiriyeli yokugquma esetyenziswa kwiziguquli, emva koko kuncitshiswe ubomi babo kwaye oku kunokukhokelela ekungaphumelelini okuyintlekele.
Ngaphezu koko, i-PQ engalunganga inokukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla. Iinguqu ezisebenza phantsi kweemeko ezikumgangatho ophantsi wamandla zihlala zifuna amandla amaninzi ukuze zisebenze, nto leyo ekhokelela ekusetyenzisweni okwandisiweyo kwamandla kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokusebenza. Imfuneko yombane egqithisileyo inokucinezela igridi yombane, nto leyo ekhokelela kukungasebenzi kakuhle nokuphazamiseka.
Ngokubhekiselele kwimveliso, i-PQ engalunganga inokubangela ixesha lokuphumla elingacwangciswanga ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezixhobo okanye ukusilela kwenkqubo. Oku kungalindelekanga kunokuphazamisa kakhulu ukusebenza, okukhokelela kumanqanaba asezantsi emveliso kunye nelahleko enokubakho yengeniso.
Ukongeza, iindleko ezinxulumene nokulungiswa okanye ukutshintshwa kwezixhobo ezonakalisiweyo ngenxa yomgangatho ophantsi wamandla zinokuba nkulu. Kukwakho neendleko ezingangqalanga ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe, ezifana nezo zinxulunyaniswa nophando kunye nokusombulula imiba yobulunga bamandla.
Ke ngoko, umgangatho ophantsi wamandla unokukhokelela kumonakalo omkhulu kwisixhobo soguqulo, okukhokelela kwilahleko yezoqoqosho, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, kunye nokuncipha kwemveliso. Ke ngoko, ukugcina umgangatho ophezulu wamandla kubalulekile ekusebenzeni ngokupheleleyo kwesixhobo soguqulo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle ngokupheleleyo.
Umgangatho wamandla kunye noTshintsho loSabelo
Ukusebenza kakuhle kweizikhululo zokuhambisa isiguquli ichatshazelwa kakhulu ngumgangatho wamandla. Ezi ziguquli, eziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokuhanjiswa kombane, ziguqula umbane onamandla ombane aphezulu ube ngamanqanaba ombane asezantsi alungele ukusetyenziswa kokugqibela. Ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwezi ziguquli kuxhomekeke kakhulu kumgangatho wamandla abawafumanayo.
Umgangatho ophantsi wamandla, ophawulwa zii-voltage sags, ukudumba, i-harmonics, kunye ne-flicker, kunokukhokelela ekwenyukeni kwelahleko kwiziguquli zokuhambisa amandla. Ezi lahleko zingahlelwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini: ilahleko engundoqo kunye nelahleko yobhedu. Ilahleko ezingundoqo zenzeke ngenxa yeenguqu kwintsimi yamagnetic ngaphakathi kwengundoqo ye-transformer, ngelixa ukulahleka kobhedu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuchasana kwee-windings ze-transformer. Zombini ezi lahleko ziba mandundu phantsi kweemeko zomgangatho ophantsi wamandla, okukhokelela ekuncipheni kokusebenza kakuhle kwesiguquli.
I-Harmonics, inkalo ebalulekileyo yomgangatho wamandla, inefuthe elibalulekileyo lexesha elide kwiinguqu zokusasaza. I-Harmonics ibhekisa ekugqwethekeni kombane oqhelekileyo okhoyo ngoku, ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yokusebenza kwemithwalo engahambelaniyo njengeekhompyuter, izibane ze-LED, kunye nesantya esiguqukayo sokuqhuba. Oku kuphazamiseka kunokubangela ukunyuka kokufudumala kwi-transformer, ekhokelela ekugugeni okukhawulezileyo kunye nokunciphisa izixhobo zokusebenza.
Ngaphaya koko, ii-harmonics zinokunyusa imfuno yamandla kunye nokulahleka kwenkqubo. Bangakwazi ukulayisha ngokugqithiseleyo i-transformer kunye namanye amacandelo enkqubo yombane, okukhokelela ekungaphumeleli kwangaphambi kwexesha kwaye kufuneke ukulungiswa kweendleko okanye ukutshintshwa. Ke, ukulawula i-harmonics yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokugcina umgangatho wamandla aphezulu kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kweiziguquli zokuhambisa amandla.
Umgangatho wamandla udlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kunye nobomi obude besikhululo sokuhambisa i-transformer. Umgangatho ophantsi wamandla unokukhokelela kwilahleko eyongeziweyo, ukucuthwa kokusebenza kakuhle, kunye nobomi obufutshane besixhobo. Ke ngoko, amaqhinga asebenzayo olawulo lomgangatho wamandla ayimfuneko ekusebenzeni ngokugqibeleleyo kokuhanjiswa kweeguquli.
I-Harmonics kunye neNtsebenzo yeTransformer
I-Harmonic currents, ngakumbi ezo ze-frequencies eziphezulu, zinokuchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kwee-transformers. Le mijelo iveliswa yimithwalo engabonakaliyo efana neekhomputha, i-speed drives drives, kunye neentlobo ezithile zeenkqubo zokukhanyisa, ezibangela ukuphazamiseka kwi-waveform ye-sinusoidal yokunikezelwa kombane.
Xa le misinga ye-harmonic ihamba nge-transformer, inokubangela ilahleko eyongeziweyo engundoqo ngenxa ye-hysteresis kunye ne-eddy currents. Ilahleko ye-Hysteresis inxulumene ne-magnetization kunye ne-demagnetization yezinto ezingundoqo ze-transformer ekuphenduleni kumbane oguqukayo. Ilahleko yangoku ye-Eddy yenzeka xa imisinga enyanzelwayo ijikeleza ngaphakathi kwezinto ezingundoqo, idala imimandla yamagnetic yendawo echasene nentsimi ephambili. Zombini ezi lahleko zonyuka ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwangoku. Ke, imisinga ephezulu ye-harmonic currents inokukhokelela kwilahleko ephezulu kakhulu, inciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-transformer kwaye ibangele ukuba ishushu, nto leyo enokunciphisa ixesha layo lokuphila.
Izinto ezininzi zinokuchaphazela umgangatho wamandla kwiintambo zothumelo. Ezi ziquka:
1. Iimpawu zoMthwalo: Imithwalo engahambelaniyo inokuvelisa i-harmonics ephazamisa i-voltage kunye ne-waveforms yangoku, echaphazela umgangatho wamandla.
2. Ubude boMda woThutho: Imigca emide yothumelo ine-impedance ephezulu, enokubangela ukuhla kwamandla ombane kwaye ichaphazele umgangatho wamandla.
3. Iimpazamo kwiNkqubo: Iisekethe ezimfutshane, iziphene zomhlaba, okanye ukungaphumeleli kwezixhobo kunokukhokelela kwi-voltage sags, i-swells, okanye i-transients, echaphazela umgangatho wamandla.
4. Ukutshintshwa kweMisebenzi: Ukuvula/ukucima imithwalo emikhulu okanye izixhobo zembuyekezo yamandla asebenzayo kunokubangela umbane odlulayo okwexeshana othoba umgangatho wamandla.
5. Uqhagamshelo lweGridi: Udibaniso phakathi kweenkqubo zamandla ezahlukeneyo lunokubangela ukuphazamiseka, okuchaphazela umgangatho wamandla.
Ukugcina umgangatho wamandla aphezulu kufuna ulawulo olucokisekileyo lwe-harmonic currents kunye nezinye iziphazamiso ezinokubakho kwiintambo zothumelo. Oku kubalulekile kungekuphela nje ekusebenzeni ngokufanelekileyo kweumatshini wokusika ongundoqo we-transformer kodwa kunye nokuthembeka ngokubanzi kunye nokhuseleko lwenkqubo yamandla.
Ukungalingani kombane kunye noMgangatho waMandla
Ukungalingani kwamandla kagesi ngumba obalulekileyo womgangatho wamandla onokuchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo zombane. Kwenzeka xa i-voltages okanye i-currents kwinkqubo yesigaba sesithathu ayilingani ngobukhulu okanye ingahlulwanga ngama-degrees angama-120 ngqo.
Ukungalingani kwamandla kagesi kunokubangela iingxaki ezininzi kwizixhobo zombane. Ngokomzekelo, kunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kakuhle kweenjini zombane ngokubangela ukunciphisa i-torque kunye nokwanda kwe-vibration kunye nengxolo. Oku akuchaphazeli ukusebenza kwemoto kuphela kodwa kunciphise ubomi bayo. Ngokufanayo, ukungalingani kwamandla ombane kunokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwee-transformers, okukhokelela ekulahlekeni okunyukayo kunye nokushisa.
Iziphumo zomgangatho ophantsi wamandla, kubandakanya ukungalingani kwamandla ombane, zinokufikelela kude:
1. Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezixhobo zombane: I-voltage sags, ukudumba, i-transients, kunye ne-harmonics kunokubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezixhobo ezingalindelekanga, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni ixesha elingacwangciswanga, ukunciphisa imveliso, kunye nokwanda kweendleko zokugcina.
2. URhwaphilizo lweDatha: Umgangatho ophantsi wamandla unokubangela iimpazamo kwisixhobo sokwenza idatha, okukhokelela kurhwaphilizo lwedatha kunye nokulahleka kolwazi oluxabisekileyo.
3. Ukulahleka koLawulo lweNkqubo: Ukungalingani kwe-voltage kunye neminye imiba yomgangatho wamandla inokuphazamisa iinkqubo zokulawula iinkqubo, ezichaphazela umgangatho wemveliso kwaye zikhokelela ekulahlekeni kwemveliso.
4. Ukufudumeza kweeCables, Motors, kunye neTransformers: Umgangatho ophantsi wamandla unokukhokelela ekufudumeni okugqithisileyo kwiintambo, ii-motor, kunye ne-transformer core cutting machine. Oku kunokukhawulezisa ukuguga kwala macandelo, kunciphise ubomi bawo, kwaye oku kunokukhokelela ekungaphumelelini okuyingozi.
Ukugcina umgangatho ophezulu wamandla, kubandakanywa nokunciphisa ukungalingani kwamandla ombane, kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwezixhobo zombane kunye nokuphepha iziphumo ezibi ezinokubakho ezinxulumene nomgangatho ophantsi wamandla.
Isiphelo:
Ukuqukumbela, ukugcinwa komgangatho wamandla aphezulu kubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni okugqwesileyo kunye nokuphila ixesha elideizixhobo zesiguquli. Amandla akumgangatho ophezulu aqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokufanelekileyo, ukunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza, kunye nokwandisa ixesha lokuphila kwezixhobo. Ikwacutha umngcipheko wokungasebenzi kakuhle, urhwaphilizo lwedatha, kunye nokufudumeza okugqithisileyo kweentambo, iinjini, kunye neziguquli-imiba ehlala inxulunyaniswa nomgangatho ophantsi wamandla.
Uhlolo oluthe gqolo lubalulekile ekuchongeni nasekulungiseni imiba yomgangatho wamandla ngokukhawuleza. Ukuphumeza izicwangciso ezisebenzayo zokulawula le miba kunokunciphisa kakhulu iimpembelelo zayo ezimbi. Oku kunokubandakanya utyalo-mali kwizisombululo ezintsha ezifana nezo zibonelelwa ziinkampani ezifana ne-CANWIN Automatic Equipment Co., Ltd. Ngokuzibophelela kwabo kumgangatho kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha, amashishini anjalo adlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuncedeni abanye bagcine umgangatho ophezulu wamandla kwaye, emva koko, bafezekise owona mgangatho uphezulu. ukusebenza kunye nokuphila ixesha elide izixhobo zabo transformer.
