Ukuxazulula izinkinga zezehlakalo ezingavamile kuma-transformer

1) Umsindo we-transformer mkhulu kunokuvamile, futhi umsindo uyafana. Kungase kube nezizathu ezilandelayo:

(1) Kwenzeka i-overvoltage kugridi yamandla. Uma kwenzeka i-grounding yesigaba esisodwa kugridi yamandla noma kwenzeka i-resonance overvoltage, umsindo we-transformer uzokwanda.

(2) Uma i-transformer igcwele ngokweqile, i-transformer izokwenza umsindo onzima "wokukhala". Uma umthwalo we-transformer utholakala udlula inani elivumelekile lokulayisha ngokweqile, umthwalo we-transformer kufanele wehliswe ngokuya ngemithethonqubo ekhona. Isixazululo: hlaziya izizathu, wenze amarekhodi, uqinise ukuqapha, futhi ubuyisele i-transformer ekusebenzeni okuvamile ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma ibangelwa ukulayisha ngokweqile, kufanele yenziwe ngokuhambisana nomgomo wokwelashwa kokulayisha ngokweqile.

2) I-transformer inomsindo

Kungase kube nokudlidliza okubangelwa izingxenye ezikhululekile ku-transformer. Uma umsindo we-transformer ukhushulwe kakhulu, futhi amandla kagesi kanye ne-voltage kungejwayelekile, kungabangelwa ukukhululeka kwe-clamp yangaphakathi noma isikulufu esicindezela i-iron core, okwandisa ukudlidliza kweshidi lensimbi ye-silicon. Indlela yokwelapha: Uma kungathinti ukusebenza kwe-transformer, kungabhekwana nayo okwesikhashana, kwenze amarekhodi, kuqiniswe ukuqapha, kubikwe futhi kuthunyelwe, futhi kufakwe isicelo sokuhlolwa nokucutshungulwa kokuphazamiseka kukagesi ngabaholi abafanele.

3) I-Transformer inomsindo wokukhipha

I-transformer inomsindo wokukhipha "oqhumayo". Uma ubona i-corona eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma izinhlansi eduze kwe-transformer bushing ebusuku noma lapho lina, kusho ukuthi izingxenye ze-porcelain zingcolile kakhulu noma amakhadi omugqa wemishini awathintani kahle. Uma i-transformer ikhishwa ngaphakathi, kungukukhishwa kwe-electrostatic kwezingxenye ezingaguquki noma ukukhishwa kwe-inter-turn kwe-coil, noma ukukhishwa ngenxa yokuxhumana okungekuhle kwe-tap changer. Isixazululo: Ngalesi sikhathi, umthumeli kanye nabaholi abafanele kufanele babikwe ukuthi bafake isicelo sokuhlolwa kokwehluleka kwamandla kwe-transformer.

4) I-Transformer inomsindo ophumayo

Kubonisa ukuthi ukufudumala kwangaphakathi noma kobuso be-transformer kuphukile, futhi i-transformer kufanele imiswe ngokushesha ukuze ihlolwe.

5) I-Transformer inomsindo wamanzi abilayo

Uma i-transformer inomsindo wokubila kwamanzi, futhi izinga lokushisa lishintsha kakhulu futhi izinga likawoyela likhuphuka, kufanele kwahlulelwe ukuthi ukugoqa kwe-transformer kufushane noma umshini wokushintsha umpompi awuxhumene kahle okubangelwa ukushisa okukhulu, futhi i-transformer kufanele imiswe ngokushesha ukuze ihlolwe.

2. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu likawoyela liphezulu

Ngokuvamile, izinga lokushisa likawoyela lesendlalelo esiphezulu se-transformer kufanele litholakale ngesikhathi sokusebenza, futhi izinga lokushisa lama-windings kufanele lilawulwe ngokuqapha izinga lokushisa likawoyela lesendlalelo esiphezulu ukuze kuvinjelwe izinga lokufakwa kokushisa ukuthi liwe futhi liguge. Ngaphansi komthwalo ojwayelekile kanye nezimo ezijwayelekile zokupholisa, izinga lokushisa likawoyela we-transformer lingaphezu kuka-10°C ngaphezu kokujwayelekile noma umthwalo we-transformer awushintshi, futhi izinga lokushisa likawoyela liyaqhubeka nokwenyuka. Iphutha (njengomlilo wensimbi kanye nokujikeleza okufushane phakathi kokujika okujikelezayo, njll.). Ngalesi sikhathi, i-transformer kufanele imiswe ngokushesha ukuze kuvinjelwe ingozi ye-transformer ukuthi ikhule.

3. Umbala wamafutha awujwayelekile

Ngokuvamile, uwoyela we-transformer kufanele ube phuzi ngokukhanyayo futhi ubonakale. Uma kutholakala ukuthi umbala wamafutha ku-gauge yezinga likawoyela uyashintsha ngesikhathi sokusebenza, kufanele uxhumane nomshini ukuze uthathe amasampula kawoyela ukuze ahlaziywe elebhu. Uma umbala wamafutha we-transformer uwohloka ngokuzumayo ngesikhathi sokusebenza, futhi kukhona ikhabhoni ku-oyela nezinye izinto ezingavamile, amandla kufanele anqanyulwe ngokushesha ukuze ahlolwe futhi aphathwe.

4. Izinga likawoyela alijwayelekile

Umcamelo kawoyela we-transformer ufakwe igeyiji yezinga likawoyela, evame ukubonisa imigqa emithathu yezinga likawoyela lapho izinga lokushisa lingu-30°C, +20°C, kanye no-+40°C. Ngokwale migqa emithathu yokumaka, kungahlulelwa ukuthi kuyadingeka yini ukugcwalisa uphethiloli noma ukukhipha amanzi. Izinga eliphezulu likawoyela: Lapho izinga likawoyela le-transformer egijimayo liphezulu kakhulu noma amafutha egcwala emcamelweni kawoyela, kufanele uqale uhlole ukuthi umthwalo kanye nezinga lokushisa le-transformer kujwayelekile yini. Izinga likawoyela elingamanga elibangelwa ukuvaleka kwepayipi elijwayelekile. Ngalesi sikhathi, ngemvume yomphathi osebenzayo, ukuvikelwa kwegesi (igesi esindayo) kufanele kushintshwe kube yisignali, bese kuthi umshini wokuphefumula ususwe ukuze kucutshungulwe. Uma umcamelo kawoyela ugcwala amanzi ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu, kufanele ukhishwe amanzi. Izinga likawoyela eliphansi: Uma izinga likawoyela le-transformer liphansi kakhulu, ukuvikelwa kwegesi (igesi elula) kuzosebenza; lapho kunokuntuleka okukhulu kwamafutha, umongo wensimbi kanye nama-windings kuzovezwa emoyeni, okulula ukuba manzi futhi kungabangela ukuphuka kokushisa. Ngakho-ke, indlela yokufaka uwoyela we-vacuum kufanele isetshenziswe ukugcwalisa ama-transformer asebenza. Uma izinga likawoyela lehla ngokushesha ngenxa yokuvuza okukhulu kukawoyela, ngaphansi kwe-gas relay noma liqhubeka nokwehla, i-transformer kufanele imiswe ngokushesha.

5. Uma i-transformer esebenza ngokulayishwa ngokweqile ilayishwe ngokweqile, inkomba ye-ammeter idlula inani elizinzile, isignali, insimbi yokuxwayisa, njll. kungavela.

Abaqhubi kufanele baphathe lokhu ngokwemigomo elandelayo:

①Hlola ukuthi ugesi ohlangothini ngalunye udlula inani elibekiwe, bese ubika esikhulwini esisemsebenzini.

②Hlola ukuthi izinga likawoyela kanye nokushisa kukawoyela kwe-transformer kujwayelekile yini, bese ufaka wonke ama-cooler ngesikhathi esisodwa.

③ Lungisa imodi yokusebenza ngesikhathi. Uma kukhona i-transformer eyengeziwe, kufanele iqale ukusebenza.

④Xhumana nokuhlela bese ulungisa ukusatshalaliswa komthwalo ngesikhathi.

⑤ Uma kwenzeka ukulayisha ngokweqile okuvamile, isikhathi sokusebenza esivumelekile singanqunywa ngokuya ngokuphindaphindwa kokulayisha ngokweqile, futhi ukuqapha izinga likawoyela kanye nokushisa kukawoyela kuzoqiniswa, futhi inani elivumelekile akufanele lidlule. Uma isikhathi sidluliwe, umthwalo kufanele wehliswe ngokushesha.

⑥ Uma kwenzeka ukulayisha ngokweqile ngengozi, ukuphindaphinda okuvunyelwe kanye nesikhathi sokulayisha ngokweqile kufanele kusetshenziswe ngokwemithethonqubo yomenzi. Uma ukuphindaphinda okuningi kanye nesikhathi kudlula inani elivunyelwe, ukuhambisana kwe-transformer kufanele futhi kuncishiswe ngokwemithethonqubo.

⑦ Yenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwe-transformer kanye nezinhlelo zayo ezihlobene nayo. Uma kutholakala noma yikuphi ukungahambi kahle, kufanele kubikwe futhi kusingathwe.

6. Ukwehluleka kohlelo lokupholisa

Uma uhlelo lokupholisa lwe-transformer (okubhekisele kupompo kawoyela engaphansi komhlaba, uhlelo lwamanzi okupholisa) lunephutha, futhi i-transformer ithumela iswishi yokulinda ye-chiller kanye nesignali yokuma okugcwele ye-cooler, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezilandelayo: 1. Hlola ngokushesha ukuthi i-standby cooler iqalile ukusebenza. 2. Hlola ngokushesha imbangela yokuphela kukagesi bese ubuyisela ukusebenza okuvamile kwedivayisi yokupholisa ngokushesha okukhulu. 3. Qinisa ukuqapha izinga lokushisa likawoyela kanye nezinga likawoyela lengqimba engenhla ye-transformer, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuma okugcwele kwedivayisi yokupholisa. 4. Uma uhlelo lokupholisa lungenakuvuselelwa isikhashana, kufanele kwenziwe isicelo sokunciphisa umthwalo noma sicele ukuthi i-transformer ihoxiswe ekusebenzeni ukuvimbela i-transformer ukuthi isebenze isikhathi esingaphezu kwesikhathi esibekiwe sokungapholi, okuholela ekushiseni ngokweqile nasekulimaleni.

7. Isenzo sokuvikela igesi

Izizathu zesenzo sokuvikela igesi kungaba:

1. Kukhona iphutha elincane ku-transformer, elikhiqiza igesi ebuthakathaka; 2. Umoya ungena ku-transformer; 3. Izinga likawoyela liyehla; Ngemva kokuba isignali yokuvikela igesi ivele, umqhubi kufanele enze ukuhlolwa kwangaphandle kwe-transformer ngokushesha. Okokuqala, hlola izinga likawoyela nombala kawoyela emcamelweni kawoyela, ukuthi ngabe kukhona igesi, umthamo wegesi nombala ku-relay yegesi, bese uhlola ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini ukuvuza kukawoyela emzimbeni we-transformer kanye nohlelo lokujikeleza kukawoyela oluphoqelelwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bheka izinguquko emthwalweni we-transformer, izinga lokushisa nomsindo, njll. Ngemva kokuhlola kwangaphandle, uma kungekho nto engajwayelekile etholakele, igesi yegesi ye-transformer kufanele imuncwe ukuze kutholakale uhlobo lwegesi, futhi uma kudingeka, isampula kawoyela kufanele ithathwe ukuze ihlolwe ukuze kutholakale uhlobo lwephutha ngokubambisana.

8. Izingxenye nezimbangela ezivame ukushisa ngesikhathi sokusebenza

1. Ukuthintana kabi kwe-tap changer kanye nokuthintana okubi kuzokwandisa ukumelana kokuthintana, kwandise ukusetshenziswa, futhi kubangele ukukhiqizwa kokushisa okukhulu. Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ngemva kokushintsha kwe-tap kanye nalapho i-transformer igcwele ngokweqile.

2. Isekethe emfushane ejikelezayo phakathi kwejika Isekethe emfushane ejikelezayo phakathi kwejika iwumonakalo wokushisa phakathi kokujika okuseduze. Lokhu kuzodala iluphu emfushane evaliwe futhi kunciphise inani lokujika okujikelezayo kwaleso sigaba. Kukhona ugesi omfushane obangelwa ukugeleza kwamagnetic okushintshanayo ku-luphu emfushane, okuzokhiqiza ukushisa okukhulu futhi kungabangela ukuthi i-transformer ishe.

3. Kukhona i-short circuit phakathi kwamashidi ensimbi e-silicon core yensimbi. Ngenxa yomonakalo wamandla angaphandle noma ukuguga kwe-insulation, i-insulation yopende phakathi kwamashidi ensimbi e-silicon yonakele, okuzokwandisa ugesi we-eddy, kubangele ukushisa okukhulu kwendawo, futhi kuncibilike ngisho nasezimweni ezimbi kakhulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi umlilo we-iron core.

4. Ukuxhumana okungekuhle nezinye izingxenye kubangela ukushisa ngokweqile kwendawo.

Iseluleko sokuphatha: qapha ngokucophelela izinguquko zokushisa zezingxenye ezishiswe kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile, uhlaziye izimbangela zokushisa ngokweqile, ukuhlela ukuxhumana, kanye nokubhekana nokuphela kukagesi.

2. Ukuphathwa ngengozi kwama-transformer

Imithetho ejwayelekile: Ngokusho kuka-6.1.2 we-DL/T572-95 "Imithetho Yokusebenza Yama-Power Transformers": I-transformer kufanele ivalwe ngokushesha uma kwenzeka esinye sezimo ezilandelayo. Uma kukhona i-transformer emile esetshenziswayo, kufanele iqaliswe ukusebenza ngokushesha okukhulu: a. Umsindo we-transformer uyanda ngokusobala, okuyinto engavamile kakhulu, futhi kunomsindo wokuqhekeka ngaphakathi; b. Ukuvuza okukhulu kwamafutha noma ukujova kwamafutha, ukuze izinga lamafutha lehle ngaphansi komkhawulo obonisiwe wegeyiji yezinga lamafutha; c. I-bushing inomonakalo omkhulu kanye nokuphuma kwamanzi; d. I-transformer ibamba umlilo ngentuthu.

1. I-transformer ikhubeka ngokuzenzakalelayo

Ngemva kokukhubeka ngokuzenzakalelayo kwe-transformer, kufanele kwenziwe ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa okulandelayo: ① Ngemva kokukhubeka ngokuzenzakalelayo kwe-transformer, umqhubi kufanele enze ukwelashwa okuhlelekile, okungukuthi, asebenzise i-transformer eyisipele, alungise imodi yokusebenza kanye nokusatshalaliswa komthwalo, futhi agcine uhlelo lokusebenza kanye nemishini yalo isesimweni esijwayelekile. ②Hlola ukuthi hlobo luni lwesenzo sokuvikela nokuthi isenzo silungile yini. ③ Qonda ukuthi uhlelo lunephutha kanye nohlobo lwephutha. ④Lezi zimo ezilandelayo zingahlolwa kanye ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwangaphandle: abasebenzi bathinta ngephutha, basebenze futhi bavikele ukungasebenzi kahle; kuphela ukuvikelwa kokushisa okuphezulu kwamandla kagesi aphansi noma isikhathi esinqunyelwe okusebenzayo, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, imishini esezingeni elilandelayo ye-transformer ekhubekayo iyahluleka futhi ukuvikelwa kwayo akusebenzi. futhi iphuzu lokwehluleka liyahlukaniswa. ⑤ Uma kuwukuvikelwa kokushisa okuphezulu kwamandla kagesi okuhlukile, ukuvikelwa kwegesi noma ukuphuka okusheshayo kanye nezinye izenzo zokuvikela, futhi kukhona umthelela uma kwenzeka iphutha, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe kwe-transformer kanye nohlelo lwayo, ukucima kukagesi kanye nokukala ukufudumala. Akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa i-transformer kuze kube yilapho imbangela ingakatholakali noma ingakaxazululwa.

2. Isenzo sokuvikela igesi (ukukhubeka)

Uma isenzo sokuvikela igesi se-transformer sidlula, kufanele kwenziwe ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa okulandelayo: a) Qoqa igesi ye-relay yegesi ukuze kuhlaziywe i-chromatographic. Uma ingekho igesi, hlola ukuthi izinsika zezintambo kanye nama-lead esekethe yesibili kanye ne-relay yegesi zishintshile yini. b) Hlola ukuthi izinga likawoyela, izinga lokushisa likawoyela, nombala kawoyela kushintshile yini; c) Hlola ukuthi ipayipi elingaqhumi liphukile yini bese ufaka uwoyela; d) Hlola ukuthi igobolondo le-transformer likhubazekile yini, nokuthi umthungo wokushisela uvulekile yini ukuze kufakwe uwoyela. e) Uma kungekho okungajwayelekile okutholakalayo ngemva kokuhlolwa, futhi kuqinisekiswa ukuthi ukungasebenzi kahle kubangelwa iphutha lesekethe yesibili, ukuvikelwa kwegesi kungaxhunywa esignalini noma kuhoxiswe ngaphansi kwesimo sokuthi ukuvikelwa komehluko kanye nokuvikelwa kokusebenzisa amandla amaningi kuvuliwe, hlola amandla kanye, bese uqinisa i-monitor. f) Uma kukhona igesi ku-relay yegesi noma kunezinkinga ngezinto ezingenhla a, b, c, kanye no-d, ukuhlolwa kokuhluleka kwamandla kufanele kwenziwe futhi kufanele kwenziwe ukwelashwa okuhambisanayo, futhi ukuhlolwa nokuhlolwa kufanele kudluliswe ngaphambi kokusebenza.

3. Isenzo sokuvikela i-transformer overcurrent

Uma ukuvikelwa komshini wokudlulisa amandla kagesi we-transformer kuphazamiseka, kufanele kwenziwe ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa okulandelayo: a) Hlola ibhasi kanye nemishini ebhasini ukuze kutholakale amasekethe amafushane kanye nezinye izinhlobo; b) Hlola ukuthi ama-transformer axhunywe ku-short circuit; c) Hlola ukuthi ukuvikelwa ohlangothini olune-voltage ephansi kuyi-Action, ukuthi ukuvikelwa komugqa ngamunye kuyasebenza noma cha. d) Uma kuqinisekiswa ukuthi ibhasini alinawo amandla, umugqa othwalwa yibhasini kufanele uvulwe. e) Uma kwenzeka ibhasi lihluleka, cabanga ngokushintsha ibhasi noma ukudlulisa umthwalo. f) Uma kuqinisekiswa ukuthi kuwuhambo oluya phezulu ngemva kokuhlolwa, kufanele uxhumane nomthumeli osebenzayo bese uzama ukuthumela amandla kanye. g) Uma ukunikezwa kwamandla okuhlola kuhle, hlola umugqa onephutha ngamunye ngamunye. h) Uma kubangelwa yisekethe, amandla angathunyelwa kuphela ngemva kokususa isici sephutha.

4. Isenzo sokuvikela umehluko we-Transformer

Ngemva kokuvikelwa kokwehluka kwe-transformer, kufanele kwenziwe ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa okulandelayo: a) Hlola ukuthi i-transformer ayijwayelekile yini, hlola ukuthi ama-insulator angaphakathi kobubanzi bokuvikelwa kokwehluka ashintshiwe yini, onakele, nokuthi ama-lead afinyeziwe yini. b) Uma kungekho phutha elibonakalayo emishinini engaphakathi kobubanzi bokuvikelwa kokwehluka, hlola ukuthi ukuvikelwa kokudluliselwa kanye nesekethe yesibili kunephutha yini, nokuthi isekethe ye-DC isekelwe yini ezindaweni ezimbili. c) Akukho phutha ekuhlolweni okungenhla, futhi ngemva kokubika kunjiniyela oyinhloko ukuze avunyelwe, ukuhlolwa kokucindezela kwesinyathelo kufanele kwenziwe lapho umthwalo unqanyuliwe, bese kuqala ukusebenza ngemva kokuphela kwesikhathi. d) Uma kungukungasebenzi kahle okubangelwa yisekethe kagesi, isekethe yesibili, njll., ngemvume yonjiniyela oyinhloko, ukuvikelwa kokwehluka kungahoxiswa futhi i-transformer ingaqala ukusebenza. e) Lapho ukuvikelwa kokwehluka kanye nokuvikelwa kwegesi kusebenza ngasikhathi sinye ukukhuba i-transformer, i-transformer ngeke iqale ukusebenza ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwangaphakathi nokuhlolwa.

5. I-transformer ibamba umlilo

Izimiso zokwelapha umlilo we-transformer: ukwehluleka kwamandla - ukukhishwa kukawoyela - ukucima umlilo. ① Ukwehluleka kwamandla: I-transformer ibamba umlilo. Uma isivikelo singakhubeki ngokuzenzakalelayo, ama-circuit breakers kanye nezinkinobho zokuhlukanisa ezixhunywe kuyo kufanele zinqanyulwe kuqala, bese i-cooler ihoxiswe ukuze kunqanyulwe ukunikezwa kwamandla ayo. Uma ukusebenza kwemishini eseduze kusengozini, kufanele futhi kuxhunyaniswe nayo ngesikhathi ukuze kumiswe ukusebenza kwemishini eseduze. ② Ukukhishwa kukawoyela: Uma uwoyela ugcwala phezulu kwe-transformer futhi ubamba umlilo, vula i-valve yokukhipha uwoyela engxenyeni engezansi ye-transformer bese ukhipha uwoyela echibini likawoyela lengozi, ukuze izinga likawoyela le-transformer libe ngaphansi kobuso bomlilo; uma iphutha langaphakathi le-transformer libangela umlilo, alikwazi ukukhishwa uwoyela ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuqhuma; uma i-casing ye-transformer iqhuma futhi uwoyela ugcwala, vala i-valve kagesi ye-drain ye-transformer oil, vula i-valve kagesi ye-drain ye-oyela, bese ukhipha uwoyela echibini likawoyela lengozi ye-transformer. ③ Qala ipompo yamanzi omlilo, vula i-valve yamanzi omlilo bese ufutha i-transformer ukuze ucime umlilo. ④ Bika kumphathi bese usebenzisa uhlelo oluphuthumayo. ⑤ Yazisa umnyango womlilo ukuze uthole usizo.