Ukuphonononga uMsebenzi wamaLuhlu eTransformer kwiSiveliso saMandla

Ngokuqinisekileyo, ndingakunceda ngaloo nto. Ndingavelisa inqaku ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno ozinikezile. Nali inqaku:

Iziguquli ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokwenziwa kombane, ezinceda ukunyusa okanye ukuthoba amanqanaba ombane ukuze kuhanjiswe umbane ngokufanelekileyo kwimigama emide. Ukuqonda umsebenzi wamacandelo e-transformer kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthembeka nokusebenza kakuhle kweenkqubo zokuhambisa amandla. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga amacandelo enguqu aphambili kunye neendima zabo ekwenziweni kwamandla.

Undoqo

Undoqo yintliziyo ye-transformer, enikezela indlela ye-magnetic flux eveliswa yi-primary winding. Ngokuqhelekileyo zenziwe ngezinto eziphakamileyo eziphezulu ezifana nentsimbi okanye intsimbi, ezinceda ukuvalela i-magnetic field ngaphakathi kwengundoqo, ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa ukusebenza kwe-transformer. Uyilo kunye nokwakhiwa kwengundoqo kubaluleke kakhulu ekunciphiseni ilahleko yamandla kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kwe-transformer.

Undoqo udla ngokwakhiwa ukusuka kwimicu ebhityileyo ye-silicon steel alloy, edityaniswe kunye ukwenza isekethe yemagnethi eqhubekayo. Oku kunciphisa ilahleko yangoku ye-eddy kunye nokulahlekelwa kwe-hysteresis kwi-core, iqinisekisa ukuba i-transformer isebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Ubume bondoqo kunye nobukhulu bukwadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni ukulawulwa kwamandla ombane we-transformer kunye nomthamo wokuthwala umthwalo.

Ukongeza, undoqo usoloko uyilelwe ukunciphisa ingxolo kunye namanqanaba okungcangcazela, ngakumbi kwiziguquli zamandla amakhulu. Oku kuphunyezwa ngobunjineli obucokisekileyo besakhiwo esingundoqo kunye nokusebenzisa izinto zokugquma ukuthomalalisa nakuphi na ukungcangcazela okanye ingxolo enokuthi ivele ngexesha lokusebenza.

IiWindings

I-windings lelinye icandelo elibalulekileyo le-transformer, ebandakanya iiseti ezimbini zee-conductor ezifakwe kwi-insulated ezinxeba kumbindi. Umoya ophambili uqhagamshelwe kumthombo wamandla kwaye uthwala i-voltage yegalelo, ngelixa i-winding yesibini iqhagamshelwe kumthwalo kwaye ihambisa amandla ombane afunekayo.

Inani lokujika kwi-windings limisela umlinganiselo wenguqu ye-transformer. Ngokutshintsha inani lokujika kwi-windings yokuqala kunye neyesibini, ii-transformers zinokunyuka okanye zinciphise i-voltages ukuze zihambelane neemfuno zenkqubo yokuhambisa amandla.

Abaqhubi abasetyenziswe kwii-windings ngokuqhelekileyo zenziwe ngethusi okanye i-aluminium, njengoko ezi zixhobo zibonelela nge-conductivity ephezulu kunye nokuzinza kwe-thermal. Ii-windings zifakwe kwi-insulated ukukhusela ii-short-circuits kunye nokumelana neendawo eziphezulu zombane ezikhoyo ngexesha lokusebenza. Izinto zokugquma ezifana nephepha, ivanishi, okanye i-epoxy resin ziqhele ukusetyenziswa ukukhusela ama-windings kumswakama, uthuli, kunye nezinye izinto zokusingqongileyo.

Ukongeza kwi-windings ephambili kunye neyesibini, i-transformers inokuphinda ibonise i-windings ephezulu, esetyenziselwa izicelo ezithile ezifana nokumisa umhlaba okanye ukubonelela ngamandla ancedisayo. Uyilo kunye nokucwangciswa kwee-windings kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni amandla e-transformer yokusingatha imithwalo eyahlukeneyo kunye namanqanaba ombane kunye nelahleko encinci.

Umtshintshi weTap

Umtshintshi wempompo sisixhobo esivumela ukulungiswa komlinganiselo wokujika kwe-transformer ukulungiselela utshintsho kumanqanaba ombane wenkqubo yamandla. Kubalulekile ekugcineni i-voltage ephumayo engaguqukiyo phantsi kweemeko zomthwalo ohlukeneyo, ngaloo ndlela uphucula uzinzo kunye nokuthembeka kwenethiwekhi yokuhambisa amandla.

Umtshintshi wempompo usebenza ngokuguqula iindawo zokudityaniswa kwe-windings ephambili kunye neyesibini, ngokufanelekileyo ukuguqula umlinganiselo wenguqu ye-transformer. Oku kunokufezekiswa ngoomatshini, umbane, okanye iindlela zombane, kuxhomekeke kuyilo lwempompo yokutshintsha.

Abatshintshi bompompo bomatshini lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo kwaye basebenza ngokushukuma komkhethi wokutshintsha ukudibanisa iimpompo ezahlukeneyo kwii-windings. Kwelinye icala, abaguquli bombane kunye nempompo ye-elektroniki basebenzisa iinkqubo zolawulo eziphucukileyo ukuze bafezekise uhlengahlengiso olungenamthungo kunye noluchanekileyo ekuphenduleni kutshintsho lomthwalo kunye neemeko zombane.

Iziguquli zetephu zale mihla zinokubandakanya amandla okubeka iliso kunye nokuxilonga ukubonelela ngengxelo yexesha lokwenyani malunga nokusebenza kwesiguquli. Oku kuvumela ugcino olusebenzayo kunye nokusombulula ingxaki, ukunceda ukuthintela ukusilela okunokwenzeka kunye nokuphazamiseka kunikezelo lombane.

Inkqubo yokupholisa

Iziguquli zivelisa ubushushu ngexesha lokusebenza ngenxa yelahleko engokwemvelo kwi-core, windings, kunye namanye amacandelo. Kubalulekile ukutshabalalisa lo bushushu ngokufanelekileyo ukukhusela ukushisa kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwexesha elide le-transformer.

Iinkqubo zokupholisa kwii-transformers zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kumlinganiselo wamandla, isicelo, kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo. Iindlela zokupholisa eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukucwiliswa kweoli, ukupholisa umoya, kunye neenkqubo zokupholisa ngamanzi, nganye inika iingenelo kunye nemida eyahlukileyo.

Iziguquli ezifakwe kwi-oyile zisebenzisa i-oyile yamaminerali okanye i-oyile yokwenziwa njengento yokupholisa, ejikeleza kwi-core kunye ne-windings ukuze ifunxe kwaye ikhuphe ukushisa. I-oyile inika i-insulation kwaye ikhusela amacandelo angaphakathi kumswakama kunye nokungcola. Ukugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo kwe-oyile, kubandakanywa ukuvavanywa kwamaxesha athile kunye nokuhluzwa, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokupholisa kunye nobomi obude be-transformer.

Abaguquli be-air-cooled bathembele kwindalo okanye ukunyanzeliswa komoya ukujikeleza komoya ukususa ubushushu kwi-core and windings. Le ndlela isoloko isetyenziswa kwii-transformers ezincinci kunye neziphakathi, apho umoya ojikelezayo unokubonelela ngokupholisa okwaneleyo ngaphandle kwesidingo sezinto ezongezelelweyo zokupholisa.

Iziguquli ezipholileyo zamanzi zisebenzisa inkqubo evaliweyo enamanzi njengesixhobo sokupholisa, esijikeleziswa ngemijelo okanye utshintshiselwano lobushushu ngaphakathi kwesiguquli. Le ndlela iqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiziguquli zamandla amakhulu kwaye inokuphelisa ngokufanelekileyo imithwalo yobushushu ephezulu xa kuthelekiswa nomoya okanye ukupholisa ioli.

I-Insulation System

Inkqubo ye-insulation ye-transformer ibalulekile ekugcineni ingqibelelo yamacandelo ombane kunye nokuthintela iimpazamo okanye ukuphuka. Iqulethe izinto ezahlukeneyo zokugquma kunye nezakhiwo ezilungiselelwe ukumelana nemimandla ephezulu yombane, ukuhluka kobushushu, kunye noxinzelelo lokusingqongileyo olufunyenwe ngexesha lokusebenza kwe-transformer.

Izinto zokugquma eziqinileyo ezifana nephepha, ibhodi yokucinezela, kunye ne-epoxy resin ziqhele ukusetyenziswa ukugquma amajiko, undoqo, kunye nezinye izinto zangaphakathi. Ezi zixhobo zikhethwe ngononophelo kwaye zicutshungulwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe amandla aphezulu e-dielectric, ukuzinza kwe-thermal, kunye nokuchasana nokuguga kunye nokuthotywa.

Ukongeza kwi-insulation eqinileyo, ii-transformers zinokubandakanya ukugquma kwamanzi ngendlela yeoli okanye igesi ukunyusa iipropathi ze-dielectric kunye nokunciphisa i-partial discharge phenomena. Uyilo lwenkqubo yokugquma kunye nokulungelelanisa kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthinteleni iindawo ezishushu, iisekhethi ezimfutshane, kunye nezinye iintsilelo ezinxulumene nokugquma ezinokubeka esichengeni ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lwe-transformer.

Ngaphaya koko, inkqubo yokugquma idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekudambiseni impembelelo yokusingqongileyo, ngakumbi kufakelo lwangaphandle okanye oluvezwayo. Inika ukhuseleko kumswakama, uthuli, kunye nezinto ezingcolisayo, iqinisekisa ixesha elide le-transformer kunye nokuthembeka kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza.

Iziguquli ngamacandelo ayimfuneko ekuveliseni umbane kunye neenkqubo zokusasaza, ezivumela ukuhanjiswa kombane okusebenzayo nokuthembekileyo kwimigama emide. Ngokuqonda umsebenzi wamacandelo e-transformer njenge-core, i-windings, i-tap changer, inkqubo yokupholisa, kunye ne-insulation system, iinjineli kunye nabaqhubi banokwandisa ukusebenza kunye nokuphila ixesha elide kwee-transformers kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.

Isishwankathelo, i-core isebenza njengendlela yombane, i-windings iguqula kwaye idlulise i-voltage, i-tap changer ilawula amanqanaba ombane, inkqubo yokupholisa ikhupha ubushushu, kwaye inkqubo yokugquma iqinisekisa ingqibelelo yombane. Icandelo ngalinye lidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-transformer, ukuthembeka, kunye nokhuseleko, igalelo kuzinzo ngokubanzi lwegridi yamandla.

Iinguqu ziyaqhubeka nokuvela kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwimathiriyeli, uyilo, kunye nokuhlola itekhnoloji, ukubonelela ngamathuba amatsha okuphucula ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza kwabo ekuveliseni amandla. Njengoko imfuno yombane othembekileyo nozinzileyo ikhula, i-transformers iya kuhlala igxininisekile kwizinto ezintsha kunye nokuphuculwa kweshishini lamandla.