Ukuhlola Umsebenzi Wezingxenye Ze-Transformer Ekukhiqizeni Amandla

Impela, ngingakusiza ngalokho. Ngingakwazi ukukhiqiza i-athikili ngokusekelwe kuzimfuneko ozinikezile. Nasi isihloko:

Ama-Transformer ayingxenye ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kukagesi, esiza ukunyusa noma ukwehlisa amazinga kagesi ukuze kudluliselwe ugesi ngempumelelo ebangeni elide. Ukuqonda umsebenzi wezingxenye ze-transformer kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukwethembeka nokusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zokusabalalisa amandla. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izingxenye ezibalulekile ze-transformer kanye nezindima zazo ekukhiqizeni amandla.

I-Core

Umnyombo yinhliziyo ye-transformer, ehlinzeka ngendlela ye-magnetic flux ekhiqizwa ukuphenduka okuyinhloko. Ivamise ukwenziwa ngezinto ezikwazi ukungena kalula njengensimbi noma insimbi, ezisiza ukuvala inkambu kazibuthe ngaphakathi komgogodla, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ukusebenza kahle kwe-transformer. Idizayini nokwakhiwa kwengqikithi ibalulekile ekwehliseni ukulahleka kwamandla kanye nokwandisa ukusebenza kwe-transformer.

Umnyombo uvame ukwakhiwa kusuka emicu emincane ye-silicon steel alloy, ehlanganiswe ndawonye ukuze yakhe isekethe kazibuthe eqhubekayo. Lokhu kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamanje kwe-eddy kanye nokulahlekelwa kwe-hysteresis ku-core, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-transformer isebenza kahle kakhulu. Ukuma nosayizi we-core nakho kudlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukulawulwa kwamandla kagesi we-transformer namandla okuthwala umthwalo.

Ukwengeza, umongo uvame ukwakhiwa ukuze unciphise amazinga omsindo nokudlidliza, ikakhulukazi kuma-transformer amakhulu. Lokhu kufinyelelwa ngonjiniyela ocophelelayo wesakhiwo somongo kanye nokusebenzisa izinto zokuvikela ukudambisa noma yikuphi ukudlidliza noma umsindo ongavela phakathi nokusebenza.

Ama-Windings

Ama-windings angenye ingxenye ebalulekile ye-transformer, ehlanganisa amasethi amabili ama-conductor avaleleke azungeze umgogodla. I-winging eyinhloko ixhunywe kumthombo wamandla futhi ithwala i-voltage yokufaka, kuyilapho ukushona phansi kwesibili kuxhunywe emthwalweni futhi iletha i-voltage ephumayo oyifunayo.

Inombolo yokujika kuma-windings inquma isilinganiso sokuguqulwa kwe-transformer. Ngokushintsha inani lamajika kumawindi aphambili nawesibili, ama-transformer angakhuphuka noma ehlise ama-voltage ukuze afane nezidingo zesistimu yokusabalalisa amandla.

Ama-conductor asetshenziswa kuma-windings ngokuvamile enziwe ngethusi noma i-aluminium, njengoba lezi zinto zinikeza ukuqhutshwa okuphezulu nokuzinza kokushisa. Ama-windings afakwe i-insulated ukuvimbela ama-short-circuits kanye nokumelana namasimu aphezulu kagesi akhona ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Izinto zokuvikela umoya njengephepha, ukuvanisha, noma i-epoxy resin zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuvikela ama-windings kusuka kumswakama, uthuli, nezinye izici zemvelo.

Ngokungeziwe kuma-windings ayisisekelo nakwesibili, ama-transformer angase futhi afake ama-winding aphezulu, asetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile ezifana nokubeka phansi noma ukunikeza amandla asizayo. Idizayini nokuhlelwa kwama-winding kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ikhono le-transformer yokusingatha imithwalo ehlukahlukene namazinga kagesi ngokulahleka okuncane.

I-Tap Changer

I-tap changer iyidivayisi evumela ukulungiswa kwesilinganiso sokuphenduka kwe-transformer ukuze kuhambisane nezinguquko kumazinga kagesi wesistimu yamandla. Kubalulekile ekugcineni i-voltage ephumayo engaguquki ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene zomthwalo, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukisa ukuzinza nokuthembeka kwenethiwekhi yokusabalalisa amandla.

I-tap change isebenza ngokushintsha izindawo zokuxhuma zama-windings ayisisekelo nesesibili, ngokushintsha ngokuphumelelayo isilinganiso sokuguqulwa kwe-transformer. Lokhu kungafezwa ngokusebenzisa imishini, ugesi, noma izindlela zikagesi, kuye ngomklamo wokushintsha kompompi.

Izishintshi zikampompi zemishini ziwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu futhi zisebenza ngokuhamba kweswishi yesikhethi ukuze kuxhunywe ompompi abahlukene kuma-windings. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abashintshi bempompi kagesi kanye ne-elekthronikhi basebenzisa amasistimu okulawula athuthukile ukuze bafinyelele ukulungiswa okungenamthungo nokunembe ekuphenduleni ekushintsheni kwezimo zokulayisha kanye ne-voltage.

Izishintshi zesimanje zompompi zingase futhi zihlanganise amakhono okuqapha nawokuxilonga ukuze zinikeze impendulo yesikhathi sangempela ekusebenzeni kwe-transformer. Lokhu kuvumela ukulungiswa okusebenzayo nokuxazulula izinkinga, okusiza ukuvimbela ukwehluleka okungaba khona kanye nokuphazamiseka kokuphakelwa kukagesi.

Uhlelo Lokupholisa

Ama-transformer akhiqiza ukushisa ngesikhathi sokusebenza ngenxa yokulahlekelwa okungokwemvelo kumongo, ama-windings, nezinye izakhi. Kubalulekile ukukhipha lokhu kushisa ngokuphumelelayo ukuvimbela ukushisa ngokweqile nokuqinisekisa ukwethembeka kwesikhathi eside kwe-transformer.

Amasistimu okupholisa kuma-transformer angahluka kuye ngesilinganiso samandla, isicelo, nezimo zemvelo. Izindlela zokupholisa ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa amasistimu wokucwiliswa ngamafutha, apholile emoyeni, namanzi, ngalinye linikeza izinzuzo nemikhawulo ehlukile.

Ama-transformer acwiliswe uwoyela asebenzisa uwoyela wamaminerali noma uwoyela wokwenziwa njengendawo yokupholisa, ezungeza phakathi nendawo kanye nama-windings ukuze amunce futhi asuse ukushisa. Amafutha aphinde anikeze ukufakwa kwe-insulation futhi avikele izingxenye zangaphakathi kusuka kumswakama kanye nokungcola. Ukugcinwa kahle kukawoyela, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile nokuhlunga, kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu yokupholisa kanye nempilo ende ye-transformer.

Ama-transformer apholile emoyeni athembele ekujikelezeni komoya okungokwemvelo noma okuphoqelekile ukuze asuse ukushisa kusuka kumongo kanye nama-windings. Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziswa kuma-transformer amancane naphakathi nendawo, lapho umoya ozungezile unganikeza ukupholisa okwanele ngaphandle kwesidingo sezinto zokupholisa ezengeziwe.

Ama-transformer apholile ngamanzi asebenzisa isistimu ye-loop evaliwe ngamanzi njengendlela yokupholisa, esakazwa ngamashaneli noma izishintshi zokushisa ngaphakathi kwe-transformer. Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziswa kuma-transformer amakhulu futhi ingahlakaza ngempumelelo imithwalo yokushisa ephezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nokupholisa komoya noma uwoyela.

I-Insulation System

Isistimu yokufaka ugesi ye-transformer ibalulekile ekugcineni ubuqotho bezingxenye zikagesi kanye nokuvimbela amaphutha noma ukuwohloka. Iqukethe izinto ezihlukahlukene zokufakelwa kanye nezakhiwo eziklanyelwe ukumelana nezinkambu eziphakeme zikagesi, ukuhlukahluka kwezinga lokushisa, kanye nokucindezeleka kwemvelo okuhlangenwe nakho ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-transformer.

Izinto zokufakwa eziqinile ezifana nephepha, i-pressboard, ne-epoxy resin zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuvala ama-windings, umongo, nezinye izakhi zangaphakathi. Lezi zinto zikhethwa ngokucophelela futhi zicutshungulwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe amandla aphezulu e-dielectric, ukuzinza okushisayo, nokumelana nokuguga nokuwohloka.

Ngokungeziwe ekufakeni okuqinile, ama-transformer angase futhi ahlanganise ukufakwa kwe-liquid ngendlela kawoyela noma igesi ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo ze-dielectric futhi kuncishiswe izenzakalo zokukhishwa okuyingxenye. Idizayini nokuhlelwa kwesistimu yokufakwa kwensimbi kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni izindawo ezishisayo, ama-short-circuits, nokunye ukwehluleka okuhlobene nokufakwa okungafaka engozini ukusebenza nokuphepha kwe-transformer.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isistimu yokufaka i-insulation idlala indima ebalulekile ekwehliseni umthelela wendawo, ikakhulukazi ekufakweni kwangaphandle noma okusobala. Inikeza isivikelo kumswakama, uthuli, kanye nokungcola, iqinisekisa impilo ende ye-transformer nokuthembeka ezimeni ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza.

Ama-Transformer ayizingxenye ezibalulekile ezinhlelweni zokuphehla nokusabalalisa ugesi, avumela ukudluliswa kukagesi okuphumelelayo nokuthembekile ezindaweni ezikude. Ngokuqonda umsebenzi wezingxenye ze-transformer ezifana ne-core, ama-windings, i-tap changer, isistimu yokupholisa, kanye nesistimu yokufakwa kwe-insulation, onjiniyela nama-opharetha bangathuthukisa ukusebenza nokuphila isikhathi eside kwama-transformer ezinhlelweni ezihlukene.

Kafushane, ingqikithi isebenza njengendlela kazibuthe, ama-winding aguqula futhi adlulise i-voltage, isishintshi sempompi silawula amazinga kagesi, isistimu yokupholisa ihlakaza ukushisa, kanye nesistimu yokufaka ugesi iqinisekisa ubuqotho bukagesi. Ingxenye ngayinye idlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kahle kwe-transformer, ukwethembeka, nokuphepha, okunikela ekuzinzeni kukonke kwegridi yamandla.

Ama-Transformer ayaqhubeka nokuvela ngokuthuthuka kwezinto zokwakha, ukwakheka, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuqapha, okuhlinzeka ngamathuba amasha okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwawo kanye nokusebenza kwawo ekuphehleni amandla. Njengoba isidingo sikagesi onokwethenjelwa nesimeme sikhula, ama-transformer azohlala egxile kakhulu ekusungulweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yamandla.