Abaguquli boShishino: Iintlobo kunye nezicelo

Intshayelelo

Abaguquli bemizi-mveliso badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusasazeni nasekuhanjisweni kwamandla ombane phakathi kwezicelo ezahlukeneyo zemizi-mveliso. Zibalulekile ekunyukeni okanye ekwehleni amanqanaba ombane ukuqinisekisa unikezelo lwamandla olukhuselekileyo nolusebenzayo kwizixhobo zemizi-mveliso kunye noomatshini. Ngenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji, iinguqu kwimizi-mveliso ziye zavela ukuze zihlangabezane neemfuno ezithile zamashishini ahlukeneyo, anikezela ngoluhlu olubanzi lweentlobo kunye nokusetyenziswa. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoguqulo lwamashishini kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zemizi-mveliso.

Inyathelo-Up Transformers

Iziguquli ze-step-up zenzelwe ukwandisa inqanaba lombane ukusuka kwi-primary winding ukuya kwi-winding yesibini. Olu hlobo lwe-transformer lusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwizityalo zamandla, apho umbane owenziweyo kufuneka unyuswe ukuze uhanjiswe ngokufanelekileyo umgama omde. Iziguquli ze-step-up zikwasetyenziswa kumaziko oshishino apho kufuneka amandla ombane aphezulu koomatshini abanzima kunye nezixhobo. Ngokunyusa i-voltage, i-step-up transformers inceda ukunciphisa ilahleko yamandla ngexesha lokuhanjiswa kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla okusebenzayo.

I-Step-up transformers ibandakanya i-winging ephambili, i-winding yesibini, kunye nesiseko esenziwe nge-high-permeability material magnetic. Xa i-alternating current (AC) idlula kwindlela ephambili yokujikajika, yenza i-magnetic flux embindini, ibangele amandla ombane aphezulu kumoya wesibini. Lo mbane unokuthi ke usetyenziswe ukunika amandla izixhobo zoshishino kunye noomatshini abafuna amandla ombane aphezulu ukuze usebenze. Kwizicwangciso zemizi-mveliso, i-step-up transformers ibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okuthembekileyo nokuqhubekayo kwezixhobo ezisebenza ngamandla.

I-Step-Down Transformers

Ngokuchaseneyo ne-step-up transformers, i-step-down transformers yenzelwe ukunciphisa inqanaba lombane ukusuka kwi-primary winding ukuya kwi-winding yesibini. Ezi ziguquli zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizicelo zoshishino apho amandla ombane aphezulu kufuneka aguqulwe abe yi-voltage ephantsi yokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nokusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo. Iziguquli ze-step-down zifumaneka ngokuqhelekileyo kwiindawo zokuvelisa, izakhiwo zorhwebo, kunye neendawo zokuhlala apho amandla angenayo i-voltage ephezulu kufuneka athotywe phantsi kwinqanaba elikhuselekileyo lokusetyenziswa kwansuku zonke.

I-step-down transformers isebenza kumgaqo ofanayo kunye ne-step-up transformers, kunye ne-primary winding, i-second winding, kunye ne-core. Xa i-AC idlula kwindawo ephambili yokujika, yenza i-magnetic flux embindini, ekhokelela kumbane ophantsi kwi-winding yesibini. La mandla ombane asezantsi emva koko asasazwe koomatshini bemizi-mveliso, iinkqubo zokukhanyisa, kunye neminye imithwalo yombane ngaphakathi kwendawo. Iziguquli ze-step-down zibalulekile ekugcineni ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kwamandla ombane ngaphakathi kweesetingi zemizi-mveliso, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umbane onikezelwa kwisixhobo ungaphakathi kwimida yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo.

Iinguqu zokuzahlula

I-Isolation transformers yenzelwe ukubonelela ukuhlukaniswa kombane phakathi kwegalelo kunye ne-output windings, ukwahlula ngokufanelekileyo umthombo wamandla kumthwalo. Ezi ziguquli zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizicelo zemizi-mveliso apho ingxolo yombane, i-voltage spikes, kunye ne-loops yomhlaba kufuneka isuswe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo nokuthembekileyo kwezixhobo ezibuthathaka. Iziguquli zodwa zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiindawo zokuvelisa, amagumbi olawulo, kunye namaziko edatha ukukhusela izixhobo zombane kunye noomatshini ekuphazamisekeni kwamandla kunye neminye imiba yombane.

Iziguquli zokwahlula zibandakanya amajiko-jiko amabini ahlukeneyo, nganye ibekwe yodwa ngombane ukusuka kwenye, kunye nombindi wokubonelela ngokudityaniswa kwemagnethi phakathi kwee-windings. Xa i-AC idlula kwindawo ephambili yokujika, yenza i-magnetic flux embindini, ivelise i-voltage ehambelanayo kwi-winding yesibini. Ngokuzihlukanisa igalelo kunye neesekethe zokuphuma, ii-transformers zokuzihlukanisa zithintela ngokufanelekileyo ukuhanjiswa kwengxolo yombane kunye nezinye iziphazamiso phakathi komthombo wamandla kunye nomthwalo. Oku kubangela ukuphuculwa komgangatho wamandla kunye nokhuseleko oluphuculweyo lwezixhobo ngaphakathi kommandla wemizi-mveliso.

Iinguqu eziguquguqukayo

Iziguquli eziguquguqukayo, ezikwabizwa ngokuba zii-variacs, ziyilelwe ukunika amandla ombane oguquguqukayo ngokuvumela umsebenzisi ukuba alungelelanise umlinganiselo wokujika phakathi kwe-windings yokuqala kunye neyesibini. Ezi ziguquli ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kuvavanyo lwemizi-mveliso, uphando, kunye nezicelo zophuhliso apho kufuneka ulawulo oluchanekileyo lombane. Iziguquli eziguquguqukayo zibonelela ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo zokuhlengahlengisa umbane ophumayo ukuze uhlangabezane neemfuno ezithile zovavanyo, uzenza zilungele usetyenziso olunjengokulinganisa izixhobo, ulawulo lwesantya semoto, kunye nommiselo wombane.

Iziguquli eziguquguqukayo zibandakanya ukujija okukodwa kunye noqhagamshelwano olushukumayo olunokulungelelaniswa ecaleni kojiko ukutshintsha umlinganiselo wokujika. Ngokuguqula indawo yomfowunelwa, umsebenzisi unokulawula ngokufanelekileyo i-voltage ephumayo ngaphakathi koluhlu oluchaziweyo. Oku bhetyebhetye kwenza iinguqu eziguquguqukayo zifaneleke kakuhle usetyenziso lwemizi-mveliso efuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo lombane kunye nolawulo. Ukongeza, iiguquli eziguquguqukayo zinokusetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukuguquguquka kwamandla ombane kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo zovavanyo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza, zizenze izixhobo ezixabisekileyo zophando lwamashishini kunye nemisebenzi yophuhliso.

Auto-Transformers

I-Auto-transformers luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-transformer equkethe ukuvuthwa okukodwa kunye namacandelo amabini aphambili kunye nesibini, axhunywe ngumqhubi oqhelekileyo. Ezi ziguquli zisetyenziswa kwizicelo zemizi-mveliso apho kufuneka uhlengahlengiso oluncinci lwamandla ombane, njengokuqala kweemoto, ulawulo lokukhanyisa, kunye nolawulo lombane. Iinguqu ezizenzekelayo zibonelela ngesisombululo esingabizi kakhulu kunye nesonga indawo yokuguqulwa kwamandla ombane, njengoko zisebenzisa i-winding enye ukuze zinike amandla ombane afunekayo ngaphandle kwesidingo se-windings ephambili kunye neyesibini.

Abaguquleli be-Auto-transformers basebenza kumgaqo wokudibanisa umbane phakathi kwamacandelo aphambili kunye nesibini kwi-winding. Ngokucofa isahlulo somoya, umsebenzisi unokulungelelanisa ngokufanelekileyo umbane wokuphuma kwinqanaba elifunekayo. Oku kwenza ukuba i-auto-transformers isebenze ngokufanelekileyo kwizicelo apho ukutenxa kancinane kwi-voltage yegalelo kwanele kwinjongo ekujoliswe kuyo. Kuseto lwemizi-mveliso, ii-auto-transformers zidla ngokusetyenziswa ukubonelela ngohlengahlengiso lwamandla ombane kwisixhobo esithile okanye iinkqubo ezithile, zibonelela ngeendlela ezilula nezinoqoqosho zokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zombane.

Isishwankathelo

Iziguquli zemizi-mveliso zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuququzeleleni usasazo olukhuselekileyo nolusebenzayo, ukuhanjiswa, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla ombane phakathi kwezicwangciso zemizi-mveliso. Ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa, iiguquli zemizi-mveliso ziyilelwe ukuhlangabezana neenguqu ezithile zombane kunye neemfuno zolawulo lwamashishini ahlukeneyo. Ukusuka kwi-step-up and step-down transformers to be isolation, variable, and auto-transformers, uhlobo ngalunye lunikeza iimpawu ezizodwa kunye neenzuzo zokujongana neemfuno zombane wezixhobo zoshishino kunye noomatshini. Ngokuqonda iimpawu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezi ziguquli, iingcali zoshishino zingenza izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nokukhetha kunye nokuphunyezwa kweenguqu zokuphucula ukunikezelwa kwamandla kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo.