Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kwiZixhobo zoMbane kwiiNkqubo zokuGcinwa kwamandla oMbane

Umbane licandelo elibalulekileyo lehlabathi lethu lanamhlanje, linika amandla yonke into ukusuka kwii-smartphones zethu ukuya kumakhaya ethu nakumashishini. Njengoko imfuno yamandla acocekileyo nazinzileyo iqhubeka ikhula, ngokunjalo nokubaluleka kokuphuhlisa iinkqubo zokugcina amandla ezisebenzayo nezintsha. Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kwimathiriyeli yombane kudlale indima ebalulekileyo ekwandiseni ezi nkqubo zokugcina amandla, ukuvumela umthamo omkhulu, ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza, kunye nobomi bomjikelo omde. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga ezinye zenkqubela phambili yamva nje kwizinto zombane zokugcina amandla, kunye nefuthe labo elinokubakho kwikamva lamandla azinzileyo.

Ukuqhubela phambili kwiibhetri zeLithium-Ion

Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ziye zaba sisisombululo sokugcina amandla kuyo yonke into ukusuka kwizithuthi zombane ukuya kwigridi yokugcina amandla. Ukuqhubela phambili kwamva nje kwizinto zombane kugxininise ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lweebhetri ze-lithium-ion. Enye indawo yezinto ezintsha kukuphuhliswa kwezinto eziphezulu ze-cathode, ezifana ne-lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) kunye ne-lithium nickel cobalt aluminium oxide (NCA). Ezi zixhobo zivumela ubuninzi bamandla aphezulu, oku kuthetha ukuba iibhetri zinokugcina amandla amaninzi kwisixa esifanayo sendawo. Ukongeza, abaphandi bebesebenza ekuphuhliseni i-electrolytes eqinile, enokuthi ithathe indawo yee-electrolyte zolwelo ezinokutsha ezisetyenziswa kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion. Oku kunokuphucula kakhulu ukhuseleko kunye nokuphila ixesha elide kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion, okwenza kube yindlela ethembekileyo yokugcina amandla.

Izinto eziSahlumayo zeebhetri zesiZukulwana esilandelayo

Nangona iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ziye zatshintsha umdlalo wokugcina amandla, abaphandi bahlala bekhangela izinto ezintsha ezinokuthi ziphucule ngakumbi ukusebenza kunye nokuzinza. Enye indawo ethembisayo yophando kukuphuhliswa kweebhetri ze-sodium-ion, ezisebenzisa i-sodium ion endaweni ye-lithium ion ukugcina nokukhulula amandla. I-sodium ininzi kwaye ingabizi kakhulu kune-lithium, okwenza iibhetri ze-sodium-ion zibe yinto enokuthi ingabizi kwaye igcineke. Olunye uphuhliso olunomdla kukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphilayo, ezifana neepolymers kunye neemolekyuli ezincinci, njengezinto ezisebenzayo kwiibhetri. Ezi zixhobo ze-organic zinika amandla okuxinana kwamandla aphezulu, ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza, kunye nobuhlobo bendalo, okwenza kube yinto ekhangayo kwiinkqubo zokugcina amandla kwisizukulwana esilandelayo.

Izixhobo eziPhezulu ze-Capacitor kwizicelo eziPhezulu zaMandla

Ngelixa iibhetri zikulungele ngokufanelekileyo ukugcina nokuhambisa umthamo omkhulu wamandla, azisoloko ziyiyona ndlela ilungileyo yokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu. IiCapacitors, kwelinye icala, zigqwesa ukuhambisa amandla ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo. Ukuveliswa kwamva nje kwizinto zombane kugxininise ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwee-capacitors, okwenza kube yinto ekhangayo kwizicelo ezifana neenqwelo zombane kunye neenkqubo zamandla avuselelekayo. Enye indawo yokuqhubela phambili kuphuhliso lwee-supercapacitors, ezisebenzisa izinto eziphambili ezifana nekhabhoni nanotubes kunye negraphene ukufezekisa ukuxinana kwamandla aphezulu kunye nemijikelo yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza / yokukhupha. Ezi zixhobo zivumela i-supercapacitors ukuba igcine kwaye ihambise amandla ngokufanelekileyo ngaphezu kwee-capacitors zendabuko, okwenza kube yinto ebalulekileyo kwizicelo zamandla aphezulu.

Izixhobo zeNoveli zokuVuna amandla kunye noGcino

Ukongeza ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kweenkqubo zokugcinwa kwamandla emveli, uphando lwezixhobo zombane lukwajolise ekuphuhliseni izinto ezintsha zokuvuna nokugcina amandla. Ngokomzekelo, abaphandi bahlola ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ze-thermoelectric, eziguqula ubushushu zibe ngumbane, njengendlela yokubamba nokugcina ukushisa kwenkunkuma kwiinkqubo zoshishino. Oku kunokunceda ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa inkcitho kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Enye indawo yokwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kukuphuhliswa kwezinto eziphambili zokugcina amandla elanga, njengeeseli zelanga ezisekelwe kwi-perovskite kunye nezixhobo eziphezulu zebhetri. Ezi zixhobo zijolise ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuthembeka kweenkqubo zamandla elanga, zizenze zibe yinto esebenzayo yokwamkelwa ngokubanzi.

Impembelelo yeZixhobo zoMbane zokuTshintsha kuMandla aZinzileyo

Ukuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kwizinto zombane kwiinkqubo zokugcina amandla kunamandla okuba nefuthe elibonakalayo kwikamva lamandla azinzileyo. Ngokuphucula ukusebenza, ukhuseleko, kunye neendleko-zobuchule beteknoloji yokugcina amandla, ezi zinto zintsha zinceda ukwenza amandla acocekileyo afikeleleke kwaye athembeke kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Ukusuka kwigridi yogcino lwamandla ukuya kumbane ophathwayo, olu phuculo luqhuba inguqu ukuya kwindawo ezinzileyo nesebenzayo yamandla.

Ukuqukumbela, intsimi yophando lwezixhobo zombane yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yemigudu eqhubekayo yokuphuhlisa iinkqubo zokugcina amandla. Ukususela ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion ukuhlola izinto ezintsha zokugcinwa kwamandla kwisizukulwana esilandelayo, ezi zinto zintsha zinceda ekuvuleni indlela yekamva elizinzileyo nelisebenzayo lamandla. Njengoko abaphandi baqhubeka nokutyhala imida yezinto ezinokwenzeka ngezinto zombane, amandla okuphumelela okuguqukayo kwiinkqubo zokugcina amandla amakhulu kunanini ngaphambili.