Izikim zoKhuseleko lweTransformer: Isishwankathelo

I-transformer yinxalenye ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yamandla, kwaye kubalulekile ukuphumeza izikimu zokukhusela ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo okukhuselekileyo nokuthembekileyo. Izikimu zokukhusela i-Transformer zenzelwe ukufumanisa nokuphendula kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga zokusebenza, ezifana nokugqithiswa, iisekethe ezimfutshane, kunye nokungaphumeleli kwe-insulation, ukwenzela ukuthintela umonakalo wesixhobo kunye nexesha lokunciphisa inkqubo yamandla. Kweli nqaku, siza kubonelela ngesishwankathelo seenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokukhusela i-transformer ezisetyenziswa kwishishini, kubandakanywa nemigaqo yazo, izixhobo kunye nokusetyenziswa.

Ukhuseleko olwahlukileyo

Ukukhuselwa okungafaniyo ngenye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo kunye nezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi zokukhusela i-transformer. Isebenza kumgaqo wokuthelekisa ukungena kwangoku kunye nokushiya i-windings ye-transformer. Ukuba kukho impazamo ngaphakathi kwendawo ekhuselweyo, i-current iya kuba ingalingani, kwaye i-different relay iya kusebenza ukuhamba nge-transformer. Ukukhuselwa okungafaniyo kunika uvakalelo oluphezulu kwiimpazamo zangaphakathi kwaye zikhuselekile kwiimpazamo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswa kwiziguquli zamandla amakhulu kwaye iyasebenza ekukhangeleni iimpazamo zokuqala kunye nokusilela kokugquma.

Ukhuseleko lwaseBuchholz

I-Buchholz relay sisixhobo esikhethekileyo sokukhusela esifakwe kumbhobho phakathi kwetanki ye-transformer kunye nomgcini. Yenzelwe ukufumanisa iimpazamo zokuqala ezifana nokuqhekeka kwe-insulation, ukufudumala, kunye nobukho bomoya okanye igesi ngaphakathi kweoli ye-transformer. I-relay isebenza kumgaqo wokuhamba kwegesi kunye neoli ngenxa yephutha langaphakathi. Xa kukho impazamo, irhasi yenziwa ngaphakathi kwitanki ye-transformer, ibangela ukuba ukuhamba kweoyile kuhambise i-float kwi-relay, ethi yona ihambe i-transformer. Ukukhuselwa kwe-Buchholz kusebenza ngokukhethekileyo ekufumaneni iimpazamo kwi-oyile-i-transformers kwaye kuyindlela eneendleko zokuthintela ukusilela kwi-transformer eyintlekele.

Ukhuseleko lwangoku

Ukukhuselwa kwe-Overcurrent iskimu esisisiseko esisetyenziselwa ukukhusela abaguquli kwi-overloads kunye neesekethe ezimfutshane. Isebenza ngokubeka iliso kwi-current flowing through transformer windings kunye nokukhubeka i-breaker circuit ukuba i-current idlula i-threshold echazwe kwangaphambili. Ukhuseleko oludlulayo lunokuphunyezwa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngeereyiyidi zangaphezulu, iireyilayi ze-elektroniki, kunye neenkqubo zokukhusela idijithali. Kubalulekile ukukhusela abaguquli emonakalweni wobushushu obangelwa kukugqithiswa kwexesha elide kunye neempazamo ezimfutshane.

UkuJonga iGesi noBushushu

Ukujongwa kwegesi kunye nobushushu kuyinkalo ebalulekileyo yokukhusela i-transformer, njengoko inika isilumkiso kwangethuba kwiimpazamo zangaphakathi kunye nokuthotywa kwe-insulation. Ukujongwa kwegesi kubandakanya ukubonwa kunye nohlalutyo lweegesi ezenziwe ngaphakathi kweoyile ye-transformer ngenxa ye-arcing, overheating, kunye nokuqhekeka kwe-insulation. Iigesi zempazamo eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-methane, i-ethylene, kunye ne-hydrogen, ebonisa iintlobo ezithile zeempazamo. Ukujongwa kobushushu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweenzwa zokulinganisa ubushushu be-transformer windings kunye neoli. Ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa okungaqhelekanga kungabonakalisa impazamo yangaphakathi okanye imeko yomthwalo ogqithisileyo, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukuqalisa izenzo zokukhusela ezifana ne-alarm annunciation okanye ukukhubeka.

Ukukhuselwa ngokugqithisileyo

Ukukhuselwa okugqithisileyo kuyilelwe ukukhusela abaguquli kumanqanaba obushushu obuzibuthe obugqithisileyo obunokukhokelela kugxininiso olungundoqo kunye nobushushu obugqithisileyo. Ukugqithisa kunokwenzeka ngexesha lokuphazamiseka kwenkqubo, amandla e-transformers angalayishwanga, okanye phantsi kweemeko zamandla aphantsi. Iskimu sokukhusela ngokuqhelekileyo sibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-overflux relay ezinikeleyo elinganisa i-voltage kunye ne-wave waveforms yangoku kwii-terminals ze-transformer kunye nokuhamba kwe-transformer ukuba amanqanaba okuguquguquka angaphezulu kwemida evumelekileyo. Ukukhuselwa kwe-overflux kubalulekile ekuthinteleni umonakalo ongundoqo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwexesha elide le-transformer.

Isishwankathelo, izikimu zokukhusela i-transformer zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo nokusebenzayo kweenguqu zamandla. Ukukhuselwa okungafaniyo, ukukhuselwa kweBuchholz, ukukhuselwa ngokugqithisileyo, igesi kunye nokubeka iliso lobushushu, kunye nokukhuselwa okugqithisileyo yimizekelo embalwa yoluhlu oluhlukeneyo lwezicwangciso ezikhoyo zokukhusela i-transformer. Iskimu ngasinye sinemigaqo, izixhobo kunye nezicelo, kwaye zisebenza kunye ukubonelela ngokhuseleko olubanzi kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zeempazamo. Ngokuphumeza izikimu ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela, izixhobo ezisetyenziswayo kunye nezixhobo zoshishino zinokunciphisa umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli kwe-transformer kunye nokuphucula ukuqina kweenkqubo zabo zamandla.