UCanwin yiNkampani yeNkampani yoTshintsho lwaMandla kunye noMvelisi woMbane woMbane
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UCanwin yiNkampani yeNkampani yoTshintsho lwaMandla kunye noMvelisi woMbane woMbane
Kutheni iziguquli zineentsimbi zentsimbi?
Iinguqu ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeenkqubo zombane ezininzi, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunyukeni nasekuhliseni amandla ombane kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo. Enye yezinto eziphambili ze-transformer ngundoqo wayo, owenziwe ngentsimbi. Kodwa ngaba ukhe wazibuza ukuba kutheni ii-iron cores zineentsimbi? Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga izizathu zolu khetho loyilo kwaye sijonge kwiimpawu ezizodwa zentsimbi ezenza ukuba zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwi-transformers.
Ingundoqo ye-transformer idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwayo. Ibonelela ngendlela ephantsi yokumathidala yokuqukuqela kazibuthe eveliswa ngumjikelo ophambili, ovumela ukuqukuqela ukuba kuqhagamshelwe kumjikelo wesibini kwaye kubangele amandla ombane kuwo. Ngokwenyani, undoqo unoxanduva lokudala isekethe yamagnetic ehambisa ngokufanelekileyo amandla ukusuka kwi-primary winding ukuya kweyesibini.
Intsimbi yinto ekhethwayo ye-transformer cores ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezigqwesileyo zamagnetic. Inokungena okuphezulu, okuthetha ukuba inokwenziwa ngokulula ngemagnethi kwaye ingabi namagnethi, ivumela ukuhanjiswa kwamandla okusebenzayo. Ukongezelela, i-iron cores ibonisa ukulahleka kwe-hysteresis ephantsi, okuyimfuneko ekunciphiseni ukulahlekelwa kwamandla kwi-transformer.
Ngaphezu koko, ukukwazi kwentsimbi ukuqhuba i-magnetic flux ngokufanelekileyo kwenza ukuba ifaneleke kakuhle ukugxila kwi-flux ngaphakathi kwengundoqo, ngaloo ndlela inyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-transformer. Ukusetyenziswa kweentsimbi zentsimbi kunceda ukunciphisa ubungakanani kunye nobunzima be-transformer ngelixa ugcina amandla aphezulu okudlulisa amandla.
Isishwankathelo, umsebenzi oyintloko we-transformer core kukubonelela ngendlela ye-magnetic flux, kunye nentsimbi yinto ekhethiweyo kule njongo ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezithandekayo.
Iipropati ezininzi zentsimbi zenza ukuba ibe yinto efanelekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwii-cores ze-transformer. Enye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu ukugqithiswa kwayo okuphezulu, okukuvumela ukuba kube lula ukwenza i-magnetize kunye ne-demagnetize phambi kommandla wamagnetic. Lo mhlaba ubalulekile kukhutshelo olusebenzayo lwamandla ukusuka kwindawo ephambili yokujika ukuya kumajiko esibini.
Enye ipropati ephambili yentsimbi yilahleko ephantsi ye-hysteresis. Ukulahleka kwe-Hysteresis kubhekiselele kumandla alahlekileyo njengoko imimandla yamagnetic ngaphakathi kwentsimbi engundoqo ilungelelanisa kwaye ilungelelanise ngokuphendula umbane oguqukayo odlula kwi-transformer. Ngokusebenzisa isinyithi kunye nokulahlekelwa kwe-hysteresis ephantsi, ubungakanani bamandla achithwa njengobushushu buyancipha, okubangela ukuba i-transformer esebenzayo.
Ukongeza, i-iron inoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-saturation flux, okuthetha ukuba inokugcina ubungakanani obukhulu bemagnethi ngaphambi kokufikelela kwi-saturation. Le propati ivumela i-transformer ukuba iphathe amanqanaba aphezulu angoku ngaphandle kokuba i-core ibe yi-magnetic saturated, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-transformer phantsi kweemeko zomthwalo ohlukeneyo.
Iimpawu eziphezulu zemagneti zentsimbi, kunye nobuninzi bayo kunye neendleko eziphantsi, zenza ukuba ibe yinto enqwenelekayo kakhulu kwii-cores ze-transformer.
Ngelixa isinyithi sesona sixhobo sisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-transformer cores, ezinye izinto zisetyenziselwe le njongo. Enye yezinto ezinjalo yintsimbi, ekwabelwana ngayo nezinye iimpawu ezithandekayo zentsimbi. Nangona kunjalo, intsimbi inokumelana nombane okuphezulu kunentsimbi, enokuthi ibangele ilahleko enkulu ye-eddy yangoku kwi-core. Ukongeza, intsimbi ixabisa kakhulu kunentsimbi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ingabinako ukonga kwimveliso ye-transformer enkulu.
I-alloys yesinyithi ye-amorphous iye yaphuhliswa njengenye indlela kwiintsimbi zentsimbi zendabuko ngenxa yelahleko ephantsi kakhulu ye-hysteresis. Ezi ngxubevange zibandakanya izakhiwo ezingezizo iikristale ezibonisa ilahleko encinci yamandla xa ziphantsi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo zemagneti. Ngelixa banikezela ngamathuba okuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, iindleko eziphezulu zokwenziwa kwezi alloys zithintele ukwamkelwa kwazo ngokubanzi kwimveliso ye-transformer.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kukho umdla okhulayo ekusebenziseni i-ferrite cores kwizicelo ezithile, ngakumbi kwii-high-frequency transformers. Iintsimbi ze-Ferrite zenziwe ngezinto ze-ceramic ezineempawu zamagnetic ezilungele ukusebenza kwiifrikhwensi eziphakamileyo. Ngelixa zisenokungasebenzi kakuhle njengeentsimbi zentsimbi kumaza asezantsi, ii-ferrite cores zibonelela ngeenzuzo ngokobukhulu kunye nobunzima bezicelo ezithile ezikwi-frequency ephezulu.
Ekugqibeleni, ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphambili kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno ezithile ze-transformer, kubandakanywa izinto ezifana nokusebenza rhoqo, iindleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Ukuveliswa kweentsimbi zentsimbi kubaguquli kubandakanya amanyathelo amaninzi abalulekileyo, ngokuqala ngokukhethwa kwezinto eziphezulu zentsimbi okanye izinto zetsimbi. Izinto ezikhethiweyo zicutshungulwa ukuze zenze iilaminations, eziziintsimbi ezicekethekileyo ezidityanisiweyo zokwenza undoqo.
I-laminations zigqunywe nge-insulating material ukunciphisa ilahleko yangoku ye-eddy kunye nokunciphisa imiphumo ye-hysteresis. Oku kugquma kwakhona kunceda ukuthintela ukubunjwa kweesekethe ezimfutshane ngaphakathi kwengundoqo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-transformer.
Nje ukuba i-laminations ilungisiwe, idityaniswe kwisakhiwo esingundoqo, ngokuqhelekileyo ngendlela yesekethe yemagnethi evaliweyo ukwandisa ukuhanjiswa kwemagnethi. Undoqo unokuthi uyilwe ngeemilo ezahlukeneyo kunye nolungelelwaniso ukulungiselela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeenguqu kunye neemfuno ezithile zesicelo.
Emva kokuhlanganisana, ingundoqo ivavanywa ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo kunye nokuthembeka. Oku kuquka ukujonga ukuchaneka kobukhulu, iimpawu zemagnethi, kunye nokuthembeka kokugquma. Nakuphi na ukungafani okanye iziphene zilungiswa ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho efunwayo ngaphambi kokuba i-core ihlanganiswe kwindibano ye-transformer.
Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-iron cores yinkalo ebalulekileyo yokuvelisa i-transformer, njengoko umgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwengundoqo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuthembeka kwe-transformer.
Ukuqukumbela, ukusetyenziswa kweentsimbi zentsimbi kubalulekile ekusebenzeni ngokufanelekileyo kwee-transformers. Iipropathi ezikhethekileyo zemagnethi zentsimbi, kubandakanya ukungeneka okuphezulu, ilahleko ephantsi ye-hysteresis, kunye noxinaniso oluphezulu lwe-saturation flux, luyenza ibe yinto efanelekileyo yokugxila kwi-flux yamagnetic kunye nokudlulisa amandla phakathi kwe-windings yokuqala kunye neyesibini.
Ngelixa izixhobo ezizezinye ezingundoqo ezifana nentsimbi, ialloyi zetsimbi ye-amorphous, kunye ne-ferrite zineengenelo zazo, intsimbi ihlala iyeyona nto ikhethwayo kuninzi lwezicelo ze-transformer ngenxa yokudityaniswa kwayo okuhle kweepropathi zemagneti, ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko, kunye nokubanakho ukwenziwa.
Njengoko imfuno yamandla ombane iqhubeka nokukhula, uphuhliso oluqhubekayo lwezinto eziphambili ze-transformer kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa ziya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuzinza kweenkqubo zamandla ombane. Ngophando oluqhubekayo kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha, ikamva letekhnoloji ye-transformer ibambe isithembiso soyilo oluphambili noluphuculweyo olungundoqo ukuze kuxhamle usetyenziso lwamandla olwahlukeneyo.
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