Ukuzivumelanisa Noshintsho: Amathrendi Kumasu Okuhlinzeka Ngezisetshenziswa zikagesi

Emhlabeni oguquguqukayo wokuhlinzekwa kwemishini kagesi, ukujwayela nokuziphendukela kwemvelo kubalulekile ukuze uhlale uncintisana. Iminyaka eyishumi edlule ibe noshintsho olukhulu kwezobuchwepheshe, izidingo zamakhasimende, nezimo zemakethe, okuphoqa abahlinzeki ukuba basungule amasu abo. Kulesi sihloko, sizongena kumasu akamuva alolonga abahlinzeki emkhakheni wezinto zikagesi. Qhubeka ufunda ukuze uthole ukuthi lezi zinguquko ziyithinta kanjani imboni nokuthi yini abahlinzeki abacabanga kusengaphambili abakwenzayo ukuze baphumelele endaweni ehlala ishintsha.

Ukwamukela Ukuguqulwa Kwedijithali

Esimweni sanamuhla esisheshayo, ukuguqulwa kwedijithali akuyona nje inketho kodwa kuyisidingo sabahlinzeki bemishini kagesi. Ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe bedijithali kuzo zonke izici zezinqubo zebhizinisi kuvele njengokushintsha umdlalo. Ngokusebenzisa izibalo ezithuthukisiwe, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, kanye nekhompuyutha yamafu, abahlinzeki bachaza kabusha ukusebenza kwabo, bathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, futhi balethe ukuzizwisa kwamakhasimende okuphezulu.

I-Cloud computing, ngokwesibonelo, inikeza abahlinzeki amandla okugcina ingqalasizinda ye-IT eguquguqukayo nengalawuleki. Ngezixazululo ezisekelwe emafini, abahlinzeki bangathuthukisa ukuphathwa kwempahla yabo, baqinisekise ukuthi bahlangabezana nezidingo zamakhasimende ngaphandle kokugcwala ngokweqile noma ukunciphisa. Ukwengeza, amapulatifomu amafu asiza ukwabelana kwedatha ngesikhathi sangempela nokusebenzisana phakathi kweminyango ehlukene, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle okuphelele.

I-Artificial intelligence (AI) ingesinye isici esibalulekile soguquko lwedijithali. Abahlinzeki basebenzisa amathuluzi anamandla e-AI okulungisa okubikezelwayo, okusiza ukuhlonza okungase kube ukwehluleka kwemishini ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke. Le ndlela yokwenza izinto ngokushesha ayigcini nje ngokunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula kodwa futhi yandisa ukuphila kwemishini, okuholela ekongeni kwezindleko ezinkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-algorithms e-AI asetshenziselwa ukuhlaziya amaphethini okuthenga kwamakhasimende, okwenza abahlinzeki bakwazi ukuhlela ukunikezwa kwabo namasu okumaketha ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezithile zamakhasimende.

Ukwamukelwa kwezibalo ezithuthukile nakho kuguqula imboni. Ngokusebenzisa idatha enkulu, abahlinzeki bangathola imininingwane ephelele mayelana nezitayela zemakethe, okuthandwa ngamakhasimende, nokusebenza kokusebenza. Le mininingwane iqondisa izinqubo zokwenza izinqumo, isiza abahlinzeki ukuthi benze izinqumo ezinolwazi ezihambisana nezinhloso zabo zamasu. Noma ngabe kuthuthukisa uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla noma ukuthuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo, amasu aqhutshwa yidatha abonakala ewusizo kakhulu endaweni yebhizinisi yesimanje.

Ukusimama kanye Nemikhuba Ehambisana Nemvelo

Njengoba ukuqwashisa komhlaba wonke mayelana nezindaba zemvelo kukhula, ukusimama sekuyinto okugxilwe kakhulu kuyo abahlinzeki bemishini kagesi. Abathengi namabhizinisi baya ngokuya bebeka eqhulwini izixazululo ze-eco-friendly, okwenza kube semqoka ukuthi abahlinzeki basebenzise imikhuba nemikhiqizo eluhlaza. Lokhu kuguqukela ekusimameni akuzuzisi nje kuphela imvelo kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa isithunzi somkhiqizo futhi kuhehe amakhasimende aqaphela imvelo.

Enye yezindlela ezibalulekile abahlinzeki bempahla abamukela ngayo ukusimama iwukuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bayonga amandla emigqeni yemikhiqizo yabo. Imishini eyonga amandla ayinciphisi kuphela izindleko zokusebenza kubasebenzisi bokugcina kodwa futhi inciphisa imilobo yekhabhoni. Imikhiqizo efana nezibani ze-LED, amamotho awonga amandla, nezisombululo zegridi ehlakaniphile zifakazela isidingo esikhulu ngenxa yezinzuzo zazo zemvelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abahlinzeki balungisa kabusha izinqubo zabo zokukhiqiza ukuze banciphise ukumosha nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ngokwamukela izinto ezisimeme nezinhlelo zokugaywa kabusha, zehlisa umthelela wazo kumvelo. Abahlinzeki nabo batshala imali emithonjeni yamandla avuselelekayo ukuze banikeze amandla ukusebenza kwabo, baphinde babonise ukuzibophezela kwabo ekusimameni.

Esinye isici esibalulekile sokusimama ukukhuthaza umnotho oyindilinga. Esikhundleni sokulandela amamodeli emigqa evamile yokukhiqiza nokulahla, abahlinzeki bagxile ekulawuleni umjikelezo wempilo womkhiqizo. Le ndlela ihlanganisa ukuklama imikhiqizo ehlala isikhathi eside, elungisekayo, futhi egaywa kabusha. Ngokwandisa impilo yemikhiqizo nokukhuthaza ukugaywa kabusha, abahlinzeki bafaka isandla ekongiweni kwezinsiza nasekunciphiseni imfucuza.

Ukwengeza, abahlinzeki baqinisekisa ukuthobela imithetho nezindinganiso zemvelo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa nokuthola izitifiketi ezifana ne-ISO 14001, okubonisa ukuzibophezela kwabo ekuphathweni kwemvelo. Ngokunamathela kulawa mazinga, abahlinzeki abagcini nje ngokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokulawula kodwa futhi bathola umkhawulo wokuncintisana emakethe.

Izindlela Ezimaphakathi Kwamakhasimende

Embonini lapho ukuncintisana kushubile, ukwamukela amasu agxile kumakhasimende kubalulekile ukuze uphumelele. Abahlinzeki bempahla kagesi bayakubona ukubaluleka kokuqonda nokugcwalisa izidingo zamakhasimende ukuze kwakhiwe ubudlelwano obuhlala njalo futhi kugqugquzele ukukhula. Ngokubeka amakhasimende enhliziyweni yokusebenza kwawo, abahlinzeki bathuthukisa ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende nokwethembeka.

Elinye lamasu ayinhloko agxile kumakhasimende isevisi yomuntu siqu. Abahlinzeki basebenzisa idatha yekhasimende kanye nezibalo ukuze banikeze izixazululo ezihambisanayo ezihlangabezana nezidingo ezithile. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukucushwa komkhiqizo okwenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo, ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe obekulindelwe, noma imikhankaso yokumaketha yomuntu siqu. Ngokuletha ukuzizwisa komuntu siqu, abahlinzeki bangakwazi ukuzihlukanisa nabaqhudelana nabo futhi bakhuthaze ukuxhumana okuqinile kwamakhasimende.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abahlinzeki bagxile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenzelana kwamakhasimende ngokusebenzisa iziteshi ezihlukahlukene. Ngokusungula ubukhona be-inthanethi obuqinile, okuhlanganisa amawebhusayithi asebenziseka kalula kanye namaphrofayela asebenzayo wenkundla yezokuxhumana, abahlinzeki bangaxhumana namakhasimende ngempumelelo kakhudlwana. Izinkundla eziku-inthanethi zivumela ukuxhumana okungenazihibe, ukuxazululwa ngokushesha kwemibuzo, kanye nokufinyelela kalula kulwazi lomkhiqizo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi edijithali afana nezinhlelo zokuphatha ubudlelwano bamakhasimende (CRM) kwenza abahlinzeki bakwazi ukulandelela ukusebenzisana kwamakhasimende, izintandokazi, kanye nempendulo, kube lula ukulethwa kwesevisi okungcono.

Esinye isici sezindlela ezigxile kumakhasimende ukuthuthukisa ukwesekwa ngemuva kokuthengisa. Abahlinzeki-mpahla bayaqaphela ukuthi uhambo lwamakhasimende alugcini ngokuthenga; ukwesekwa okuqhubekayo kubalulekile ekugcineni ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlinzeka ngezinsiza eziphelele zangemuva kokuthengisa, okuhlanganisa ukufaka, ukulungisa, nosizo lokuxazulula inkinga. Ngokunikeza ukwesekwa okuthembekile nokusheshayo, abahlinzeki bangakha ukwethenjwa kwamakhasimende futhi bakhuthaze ubudlelwano besikhathi eside.

Ukwengeza, abahlinzeki batshala imali ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokusungula izinto ezintsha. Ngokufuna impendulo yekhasimende ngenkuthalo nokuyihlanganisa emijikelezweni yokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo, abahlinzeki bangaqinisekisa ukuthi ukunikezwa kwabo kuhambisana nokushintsha kwezidingo zamakhasimende. Le ndlela ephindaphindayo yokwenza izinto ezintsha iphumela emikhiqizweni ehlangabezana kangcono nezidingo zemakethe futhi idlule okulindelwe ngamakhasimende.

Ukuqina Nokuqina Kwe-Supply Chain

Isimo se-global supply chain sibhekane nezinselelo ezingakaze zibonwe ezikhathini zamuva nje, okwenza abahlinzeki bemishini kagesi bacabange kabusha amasu abo okuqina nokuvumelana nezimo. Ukuphazamiseka okudalwe izehlakalo ezifana nobhubhane lwe-COVID-19, ukungezwani kwezepolitiki, kanye nezinhlekelele zemvelo kugqamise ubungozi bamamodeli ochungechunge olujwayelekile lokuhlinzeka. Ukunciphisa ubungozi nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaphazamiseki, abahlinzeki basebenzisa izindlela ezintsha.

Isu elilodwa elibalulekile ukuhlukanisa isisekelo sabahlinzeki. Ukuthembela emthonjeni owodwa wezingxenye ezibalulekile kungaholela ekuphazamisekeni okukhulu uma lowo mthombo ubhekene nezinkinga. Ngakho-ke, abahlinzeki basungula ubudlelwano nabahlinzeki abaningi ezifundeni ezahlukene. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kunciphisa ukuncika kunoma yimuphi umphakeli oyedwa futhi kuthuthukisa ukuqina kukonke kwe-supply chain.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abahlinzeki batshala imali kubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe ukuze bathuthukise ukubonakala kwe-supply chain nokuba sobala. Ngokusebenzisa amadivayisi we-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT), izinzwa, nobuchwepheshe be-blockchain, abahlinzeki bangakwazi ukuqapha zonke izigaba zochungechunge lokunikezela ngesikhathi sangempela. Lokhu kubonakala kwesikhathi sangempela kuvumela ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kokuphazamiseka okungaba khona, okuvumela izinyathelo ezisheshayo zokunciphisa umthelela wazo. Ngokuba nombono ocacile wamaleveli we-inventory, izimo zokuthunyelwa, nezinqubo zokukhiqiza, abahlinzeki bangenza izinqumo ezinolwazi futhi baphendule ngokushesha izinguquko.

Ukuvumelana nezimo kungenye ingxenye ebalulekile yamasu esimanje ochungechungeni lokunikezela. Abahlinzeki basebenzisa izindlela ezisheshayo zokuzivumelanisa ngokushesha nokuguquguquka kwesidingo nokuhlinzekwa. Lokhu kuhilela ukulungisa kabusha imigqa yokukhiqiza, ukuthuthukisa amazinga e-inventory, kanye nokusungula izinhlelo zezimo eziphuthumayo zezimo ezihlukahlukene. Ngokuvumelana nezimo futhi baphendule, abahlinzeki bangazulazula ekungaqiniseki futhi bagcine ukuqhubeka nokusebenza.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisana nokubambisana kudlala indima enkulu ekuthuthukiseni ukuqina kwe-supply chain. Ukwakha ubudlelwano obuqinile nabahlinzeki, abasabalalisi, nabahlinzeki bezokuthutha kukhuthaza indawo yokuhlanganyela lapho ulwazi lwabelwa khona, futhi ubungozi bulawulwa ngokuhlanganyela. Ubambiswano lwamasu lusiza ukuxhumana okungenazihibe futhi luqinisekise ukuthi bonke ababambiqhaza bayahambisana emizamweni yabo yokubhekana nezinselele nokusebenzisa amathuba.

Ukusungula kanye Nentuthuko Yezobuchwepheshe

Esimeni esincintisanayo sokuhlinzekwa kwempahla kagesi, ukuqamba izinto ezintsha kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe yikhona okugqugquzela ukuhlukanisa abahlinzeki abahamba phambili kwabanye. Ukuhlala ngaphambi kwejika kudinga ukugxila okuqhubekayo ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni (i-R&D) ukwethula imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu nezisombululo ezihlangabezana nezidingo zamakhasimende eziguqukayo.

Enye yezindlela eziphawulekayo zokusungula izinto ezintsha ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile ezintweni zikagesi. Ukunyuka kwe-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT) kuholele ekuthuthukisweni kwamadivayisi ahlakaniphile naxhunyiwe anikeza ukusebenza okuthuthukile nokuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela. Amamitha ahlakaniphile, isibonelo, anika amandla izinsiza ukuthi ziqoqe idatha yokusetshenziswa enembile, okuholela ekusabalaliseni amandla okuthuthukisiwe nokongiwa kwezindleko zabathengi. Ngokufanayo, izinhlelo zokukhanyisa ezihlakaniphile zivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi balawule ukukhanya bekude, bathuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kanye nokuba lula.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abahlinzeki bahlola amandla obuchwepheshe obusafufusa obufana ne-augmented reality (AR) kanye ne-virtual reality (VR). Lobu buchwepheshe busetshenziselwa ukudala ukuzizwisa kokuqeqeshwa okugxilile kochwepheshe nonjiniyela. Ngokulingisa izimo zomhlaba wangempela, izinhlelo zokuqeqesha ze-AR ne-VR zithuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono futhi zinciphise ubungozi bamaphutha ngesikhathi sokufakwa nokugcinwa kwemishini.

Enye indawo yokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe i-automation. Abahlinzeki basebenzisa amarobhothi kanye ne-automation ukuze baqondise izinqubo zabo zokukhiqiza, bakhulise umkhiqizo kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zabasebenzi. Amasistimu azenzakalelayo angakwazi ukuphatha imisebenzi ephindaphindwayo ngokunemba, eqinisekisa ikhwalithi engaguquki kanye nemijikelezo yokukhiqiza esheshayo. Ukwengeza, i-automation inciphisa ukungenelela kwabantu, inciphisa ubungozi bezingozi zasemsebenzini futhi ithuthukise ukuphepha okuphelele.

Ukuqamba okusha kubonakala futhi ekuthuthukisweni kwezixazululo zokugcina amandla. Njengoba isidingo semithombo yamandla avuselelekayo sikhula, abahlinzeki bagxile ekudaleni amasistimu okugcina amandla asebenza kahle futhi angalawuleki. Ubuchwepheshe bebhethri obuthuthukisiwe, obufana nebhethri ye-lithium-ion kanye ne-solid-state, benza izinguquko endleleni amandla agcinwa futhi asetshenziswe ngayo. Lezi zinqubo ezintsha zibalulekile ekwenzeni amandla ahlanganiswe amandla avuselelekayo kugridi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukutholakala kukagesi okuzinzile nokuthembekile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abahlinzeki batshala imali ezintweni ezithuthukisiwe nezindlela zokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokuphrinta be-3D kunika amandla ukudalwa kwezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi nezenziwe ngezifiso ezinezikhathi zokuhola ezincishisiwe. Izinto ezithuthukisiwe, ezifana nama-polymers asebenza kahle kakhulu nama-nanomaterials, zihlanganiswa ekwakhiweni kwemishini ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqina, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokusebenza.

Sengiphetha, isimo esihlala sivela embonini yokuhlinzeka ngezinto zikagesi sidinga abahlinzeki ukuthi baqhubeke nokuzivumelanisa nezimo futhi basungule izinto ezintsha. Ukusuka ekwamukeleni uguquko lwedijithali ukuya ekwamukeleni izinqubo ezisimeme, ukugxila ezindleleni ezigxile kumakhasimende, ukuqinisa ukuqina kwe-supply chain, kanye nokuthuthukisa intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, abahlinzeki bazulazula ezinkingeni zemakethe yesimanje. Ngokuhlala ngaphambi kwamathrendi nokubhekana nezinselele ngokuqhubekayo, abahlinzeki bangakwazi ukuzibeka empumelelweni endaweni eguquguqukayo neqhudelanayo.

Njengoba imboni iqhubeka nokuthuthuka, abahlinzeki abacabanga phambili bazohlala beshesha futhi besabela kumathrendi asafufusa. Ngokugqugquzela isiko lokuqamba izinto ezintsha nokusebenzisana, abakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zanamuhla kuphela kodwa futhi balindele futhi balolonge ikusasa lokuhlinzekwa kwemishini kagesi. Uhambo lokuzivumelanisa nezimo luyaqhubeka, futhi labo abamukela uguquko ngokubona kwamasu kusengaphambili ngokungangabazeki bayophumelela kulo mkhakha oshintsha ngokushesha.