Izingxenye Zesiguquli Zichaziwe

Impela, ngingakusiza ngalokho. Nansi i-athikili ekhiqizwe ngokungahleliwe ngokusekelwe ezimfuneko zakho:

Izingxenye Zesiguquli Zichaziwe

Ama-Transformer ayizingxenye ezibalulekile ezinhlelweni zikagesi, ezisiza ukudlulisa nokusabalalisa amandla ngendlela efanele. Ukuqonda izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ze-transformer kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwayo ngendlela efanele. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izingxenye ezibalulekile ze-transformer kanye nezindima zabo ekusizeni ukudluliswa kwamandla kagesi.

Ama-Windings ayisisekelo kanye nesesibili

Ama-winding ayisisekelo nakwesibili ayizici ezibalulekile ze-transformer. I-winding eyinhloko iyingxenye yokufaka ye-transformer, lapho amandla kagesi anikezwa khona ekuqaleni. Iqukethe uchungechunge lwamakhoyili alimele enkabeni ye-transformer. I-winding yesibili, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iyingxenye yokuphuma kwe-transformer, lapho amandla kagesi ashintshiwe ahanjiswa khona. Njengokujikoza okuyinhloko, ukujikajika kwesibili nakho kuhlanganisa iqoqo lamakhoyili alimele phakathi nendawo. Inani lokuphenduka kumawinding ayisisekelo nakwesibili linquma isilinganiso se-voltage phakathi kwezinhlangothi zokufaka nokuphumayo ze-transformer.

Ama-winding aphansi nakwesibili adlala indima ebalulekile ekuguquleni amandla kagesi. Lapho i-current eshintshanayo idlula ekujikeni okuyinhloko, idonsa inkambu kazibuthe ehlukahlukene kumongo we-transformer. Le nsimu kazibuthe ehlukahlukene, yona, ikhiqiza amandla e-electromotive kumajika esibili, okuholela ekuguqulweni kwamandla kagesi kanye namanje.

I-Transformer Core

I-transformer core ingenye ingxenye ebalulekile eyenza ukudluliselwa kwamandla kagesi. Ivamise ukwenziwa ngezinto ze-ferromagnetic ezifana ne-iron noma insimbi, ezinokungena kukazibuthe okuphezulu. Umongo uhlinzeka ngendlela ephansi yokungabaza ye-flux kazibuthe ekhiqizwa ukujika okuyinhloko, okuvumela ukudluliswa kwamandla okuphumelelayo kumajika esibili.

Ukuklanywa nokwakhiwa kwe-transformer core kubalulekile ekunciphiseni ukulahlekelwa kwamandla kanye nokwandisa ukusebenza kahle. Ama-cores avame ukwakhiwa ngamashidi aminated we-ferromagnetic ukuze kuncishiswe ama-eddy currents kanye nokulahlekelwa kwe-hysteresis. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-transformer isebenza kahle kakhulu, inciphisa ukumoshakala kwamandla nokukhiqiza ukushisa.

I-Insulating Materials

Izinto zokuvikela zisetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa nokufaka izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ze-transformer, njenge-windings kanye nengqikithi. Lezi zinto zibalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukuvuza kagesi nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile kwe-transformer. Izinto ezivamile zokuvikela ezisetshenziswa kuma-transformer zihlanganisa iphepha, ukotini, nezinto ezihlukahlukene zokwenziwa ezinikeza amandla aphezulu e-dielectric nokuzinza kokushisa.

Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokuvikela i-insulating kubalulekile ekunqumeni ukusebenza okuphelele nokuhlala isikhathi eside kwe-transformer. Ukufakwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu kusiza ukunciphisa ubungozi bokuwohloka kukagesi futhi kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile kwe-transformer ngesikhathi sokuphila kwayo. Ukwengeza, ukwahlukanisa okufanele kunciphisa amathuba okuba amasekethe amafushane namanye amaphutha kagesi, okuthuthukisa ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kwe-transformer.

Thepha Ukushintsha

I-tap changer isici esitholakala kuma-transformer amaningi avumela ukulungiswa kwesilinganiso sokuphenduka kwe-transformer. Lokhu kuvumela isilinganiso se-voltage phakathi kwama-windings ayisisekelo kanye nesesibili ukuthi siguqulwe, kunikeze ukuguquguquka kokuvumelana nezinguquko kunethiwekhi kagesi. Izishintshi ze-tap zivame ukusetshenziswa kuma-transformer okusabalalisa amandla ukuze kuqondiswe ukuphuma kwe-voltage ukuphendula izimo ezihlukene zomthwalo.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zezishintshi zikampompi: izishintshi zikampompi ezilayishiwe (OLTC) nezishintshi ze-off-circuit tap (OCTC). Ama-OLTC avumela ukulungiswa ukuthi kwenziwe ngenkathi i-transformer inikwe amandla, ivumela izinguquko ezingenazihibe ekuphumeni kukagesi ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukunikezwa kwamandla. Ama-OCTC, ngakolunye uhlangothi, adinga ukuthi i-transformer ikhishwe amandla ngesikhathi senqubo yokuthepha. Uhlobo lokushintsha kompompi olusetshenzisiwe luncike ezidingweni ezithile zenethiwekhi kagesi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesiguquli.

I-Buchholz Relay

I-Buchholz relay iyisisetshenziswa esivikelayo esivame ukufakwa kuma-transformer agcwele uwoyela ukuze kutholwe futhi kuphendule amaphutha angaphakathi. Isebenza ngokuqapha ukugeleza kukawoyela ngaphakathi kwe-transformer nokuthola izimo ezingavamile ezifana nokuba khona kwegesi noma izinguquko ezisheshayo zengcindezi. Uma kutholwa okudidayo okunjalo, i-relay iqala isignali yohambo ukuze inqamule i-transformer kunethiwekhi kagesi, ivimbele ukulimala okwengeziwe futhi iqinisekise ukuphepha kwesistimu.

I-Buchholz relay iyisici esibalulekile sokuphepha kuma-transformer agcwele uwoyela, ehlinzeka ngokutholwa kwamaphutha okungenzeka futhi isize ukuvimbela ukwehluleka okuyinhlekelele. Ikhono layo lokuphendula amaphutha okuqala kanye nokuqoqwa kwegesi kwenza kube yingxenye ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukwethembeka nokusebenza kobuqotho be-transformer.

Kafushane, izingxenye ze-transformer zisebenza ndawonye ukuze kube lula ukudluliswa okuphumelelayo kwamandla kagesi. Kusukela kuma-winding ayisisekelo nakwesibili kuya kumongo we-transformer, izinto ezivikelayo, izishintshi zompompi, kanye nemishini yokuvikela efana ne-Buchholz relay, ingxenye ngayinye idlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okuthembekile nokuphephile kwe-transformer. Ukuqonda lezi zingxenye kubalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza nokuhlala isikhathi eside kwama-transformer ezinhlelweni zikagesi.