Ukuba nolwazi olubalulekile mayelana neziguquli zohlobo lukawoyela kubalulekile kubantu abasebenza embonini kagesi. Lawa ma-transformer athile asetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amandla kagesi ukusuka kwesinye isifunda kuya kwesinye ngaphandle kokushintsha imvamisa. Ukuqonda izici ezihlukahlukene zama-transformer ohlobo lukawoyela kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha, ukusebenza kahle, nokwethembeka kwezinhlelo zikagesi. Kulesi sihloko, sizocubungula imininingwane yokuthi iyini i-transformer yohlobo lukawoyela, ukuthi isebenza kanjani, izinhlobo zayo ezihlukene, izinzuzo, kanye nezidingo zokunakekelwa.
Iziguquli zohlobo lukawoyela, ezaziwa nangokuthi ama-transformer acwiliswe ngamafutha, aklanyelwe ukusebenzisa uwoyela njengendawo yokuvikela nokupholisa. Amafutha asebenzela ukuqeda ukushisa, anikeze ukupholisa okuphumelelayo kwe-transformer. Isebenza futhi njengesivikelo, ivimbele ukuphuka kukagesi phakathi kwama-conductor. Amafutha asetshenziswa kulawa ma-transformer ngokuvamile angamafutha amaminerali, kodwa ezinye izinhlobo zamafutha njenge-silicone, namafutha emifino nawo angasetshenziswa kuye ngezidingo ezithile zohlelo.
Izingxenye eziyisisekelo ze-transformer yohlobo lukawoyela zihlanganisa umongo, ama-windings, insulation, kanye nethangi likawoyela. Umnyombo wenziwe ngezinto ezikwazi ukungeneka kakhulu njengensimbi ye-silicon futhi inikeza indlela ephansi yokungabaza ye-flux kazibuthe. Ama-windings, enziwe ngethusi noma ama-aluminium conductors, ahlanganiswe komunye nomunye kanye nomongo we-transformer ukuvimbela izifunda ezimfushane. I-insulation system iqinisekisa ukuthi ama-windings avikelekile ekucindezelweni kukagesi nokushisa, futhi ithangi likawoyela ligcina umongo namawindi.
Ekusebenzeni, ukuvuthwa okuyinhloko kwe-transformer kuthola amandla kagesi emthonjeni wokufaka, okudala insimu kazibuthe. Le nkundla kazibuthe ingenisa i-voltage ekujikeni kwesibili, idlulisela amandla kagesi kumthwalo ophumayo. Amafutha angaphakathi kwe-transformer ahlinzeka kokubili ukufakwa kukagesi nokupholisa, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-transformer isebenza ngokuphepha nangempumelelo.
Ama-transformer ohlobo lukawoyela ajwayele ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezifana nokuphehla ugesi, ukusatshalaliswa, kanye nezinsiza zezimboni. Ukuthembeka nokusebenza kahle kwazo kuzenza zibe yinketho ekhethwayo yokudlulisa amandla kagesi amabanga amade namazinga ahlukahlukene kagesi.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-transformer ohlobo lukawoyela, ngayinye yakhelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile kanye nezidingo zokusebenza. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zifaka iziguquli zokusabalalisa, iziguquli zamandla, neziguquli ezinenhloso ekhethekile.
Ama-transformer okusabalalisa asetshenziselwa ukwehlisa amandla kagesi ukuze asatshalaliswe kubasebenzisi bokugcina. Ngokuvamile mancane futhi anamandla asukela ku-kVA ambalwa kuya kumakhulu ambalwa ama-kVA. Ama-transformer okusabalalisa avame ukutholakala ezigxotsheni zezinsiza nasezindlini ezingaphansi komhlaba, ezihlinzeka ngamandla ezindaweni zokuhlala nezohwebo.
Ama-transformer kagesi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, asetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amandla kagesi ebangeni elide kanye namazinga aphezulu kagesi. Zinezilinganiso zomthamo eziphakeme uma ziqhathaniswa neziguquli zokusabalalisa, ngokuvamile ezisukela kumakhulu ambalwa e-kVA ukuya kuma-MVA ambalwa. Iziguquli zamandla ngokuvamile zifakwa eziteshini zikagesi ezincane futhi zibalulekile ekuxhumeni izingxenye ezihlukene zegridi yamandla.
Ama-transformer enhloso ekhethekile adizayinelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile ezifana neziguquli ezilungisa kabusha zezinqubo zemboni, iziguquli zesithando somlilo zokukhiqiza insimbi, kanye neziguquli zomhlaba zamasistimu okuqinisa ugesi. Lawa ma-transformer enzelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezihlukile zezinhlelo zawo ezihlosiwe, anikeze amandla ombane anembile kanye nemiphumela yamanje.
Ukukhethwa kohlobo olufanele lwesiguquli sohlobo lukawoyela kuncike ezintweni ezifana nesilinganiso samandla, izinga likagesi, izici zomthwalo, nezimo zemvelo zohlelo lokusebenza.
Ama-transformer ohlobo lukawoyela ahlinzeka ngezinzuzo ezimbalwa ngaphezu kwezinye izinhlobo zama-transformer, okuwenza abe yisinqumo esidumile ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza.
Lezi zinzuzo zenza ama-transformer ohlobo lukawoyela abe yisinqumo esihle kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zokusatshalaliswa kwamandla kagesi kanye nezicelo zokudlulisa, okunomthelela ekuthembekeni okuphelele nokusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zikagesi.
Ukugcinwa okufanele kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokuphila isikhathi eside kwama-transformer ohlobo lukawoyela. Ukuhlolwa okuvamile, ukuhlolwa, nokusevisa kuyadingeka ukuze kutholwe futhi kulungiswe noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuba ziholele ezinkingeni ezinkulu noma ukwehluleka kwe-transformer.
Imisebenzi yokuhlola nokuhlola ihlanganisa ukuhlola okubonakalayo kwezingxenye ze-transformer, ukukalwa kwekhwalithi kawoyela nokumelana nokufakwa kwe-insulation, nokuhlolwa kwesistimu yokupholisa. Noma yikuphi ukungahambi kahle noma ukuchezuka ezimeni ezijwayelekile zokusebenza kufanele kulungiswe ngokushesha ukuze kuvinjwe ukulimala kwemishini noma isikhathi sokungasebenzi.
Ukusampula uwoyela okuvamile nokuhlaziya kubalulekile ukuze kuqashwe isimo sikawoyela futhi kutholwe noma yikuphi ukungcola noma ukuwohloka. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kukawoyela ingabonisa ukuba khona kwamanzi, i-particle matter, i-acidity, nokunye ukungcola okungase kuthinte ukufakwa kwe-transformer kanye nezakhiwo zokupholisa. Ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kukawoyela, izenzo ezifanele zokulungisa ezifana nokuhlungwa kukawoyela noma ukushintshwa kwawo kungenziwa ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kukawoyela.
Ngokungeziwe ekunakekeleni okuhlobene nowoyela, izingxenye zikagesi nezemishini ze-transformer kufanele zihlolwe ngezimpawu zokuguga, ukugqwala, noma ukulimala. Ama-winding, umongo, amahlahla, nezishintshi zikampompi kufanele zihlolwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kanye nobuqotho besakhiwo.
Ukuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile kwamathuluzi okuvikela e-transformer, izinhlelo zokuqapha izinga lokushisa, namandla okulayisha kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-transformer ikulungele yini ukusebenza nokuphepha.
Imvamisa nezinga lemisebenzi yokulungisa incike ezimeni zokusebenza, ubudala, kanye nokubucayi kwe-transformer yohlobo lukawoyela. Kubalulekile ukuthobela izincomo zomkhiqizi kanye nezindinganiso zemboni zezinqubo zokunakekelwa ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza nokuthembeka kwe-transformer.
Sengiphetha, ama-transformer ohlobo lukawoyela adlala indima ebalulekile ekudluliselweni kwamandla kagesi okusebenzayo nokuthembekile kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza. Ukuqonda ukuklama kwazo, ukusebenza, izinhlobo, izinzuzo, kanye nezidingo zokunakekelwa kwazo kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphephile nokulungile kwezinhlelo zikagesi. Ngokulandela izinqubo zokunakekela okufanele kanye nokusebenzisa izinzuzo zama-transformer ohlobo lukawoyela, ababambiqhaza bangagcina ubuqotho nokusebenza kahle kokusabalalisa amandla kagesi namanethiwekhi okudlulisa.
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