Izisetshenziswa ezibalulekile zama-Transformers

Ama-transformer ayizingxenye ezibalulekile zezinhlelo zamandla kagesi, avumela ukudluliswa nokusatshalaliswa kukagesi ngempumelelo usuka eziteshini zikagesi uye ezindlini, amabhizinisi, kanye nezimboni. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-transformer asebenza ngempumelelo nangokuthembekile, kubalulekile ukuthi kube nemishini ebalulekile ekhona. Kusukela ezinhlelweni zokupholisa kuye ezintweni zokuvikela, kunezicucu ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zemishini edingekayo ukuze ama-transformer asebenze kahle. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola imishini ebalulekile edingekayo kuma-transformer, okuhlanganisa imisebenzi yawo nokubaluleka kwawo ekugcineni ubuqotho bemisebenzi ye-transformer.

1. Ukupholisa Systems

Amasistimu okupholisa abalulekile kuma-transformer njengoba asiza ukugcina izinga lokushisa lokusebenza kweyunithi, ukuvimbela ukushisa ngokweqile nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlelo zokupholisa ezisetshenziswa kuma-transformer, kuhlanganise nama-transformer acwiliswa ngamafutha kanye nohlobo olomile. Ama-transformer acwiliswe uwoyela asebenzisa uwoyela njengendawo yokupholisa, uwoyela uzungeza iyunithi ukuqeda ukushisa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-transformer ohlobo olomile athembele emoyeni njengendawo yokupholisa, esebenzisa ukujikeleza komoya okungokwemvelo noma okuphoqelekile ukupholisa ama-winding e-transformer kanye nomgogodla.

Kuma-transformer acwiliswe uwoyela, isistimu yokupholisa ngokuvamile iqukethe ama-radiator, amaphampu kawoyela, izifeni zokupholisa, nezipholile zikawoyela. Ama-radiators asiza ukudluliswa kokushisa kusuka emafutheni kuya emoyeni ozungezile, kuyilapho amaphampu kawoyela eqinisekisa ukuhamba kahle kwamafutha ngaphakathi kwe-transformer. Amafeni okupholisa asiza ukuthuthukisa ukugeleza komoya ezizungeze ama-radiator, kuyilapho izipholile zikawoyela zinciphisa izinga lokushisa likawoyela, zigcine ukusebenza kwawo njengendawo yokupholisa. Kuma-transformer ohlobo olomile, isistimu yokupholisa ingase ihlanganise imigudu yomoya, izifeni, namasinki okushisa ukuze kube lula ukuchithwa kokushisa okukhiqizwa phakathi nokusebenza.

Ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu yokupholisa kubalulekile ukuze kuvinjwe ukushisa okweqile, okungaholela ekonakaleni kwe-insulation, ukuncipha kokusebenza kahle, ngisho nokwehluleka okuyinhlekelele. Ukugcinwa njalo nokuqapha uhlelo lokupholisa kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokuhlala isikhathi eside kwe-transformer.

2. Ama-Relay okuvikela kanye namadivayisi

Ama-relay avikelayo kanye namadivayisi abalulekile ekuvikeleni ama-transformer ngokumelene namaphutha ahlukahlukene kagesi kanye nezimo zokusebenza ezingavamile. Lawa madivayisi adizayinelwe ukuthola futhi aphendule ezinkingeni ezingaba khona njengokudlula i-overcurrent, i-overvoltage, i-under-voltage, nokwehluleka kokufakwa kwezinto, phakathi kokunye. Uma kutholwa iphutha noma isimo esingavamile, ama-relay okuvikela asebenza ukuze ahlukanise isiguquli ohlelweni, ukuvimbela umonakalo nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwabasebenzi kanye nemishini.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokudluliselwa kokuvikela kanye namadivayisi asetshenziswa ekuvikelweni kwe-transformer, okuhlanganisa ukudluliswa okuhlukile, ukudluliselwa kwe-overcurrent, ukudluliselwa kwebanga, nokudluliselwa kwe-Buchholz, phakathi kokunye. Ama-relay ahlukene aqhathanisa ama-currents angena futhi ashiya ama-windings e-transformer ukuze abone amaphutha angaphakathi, kuyilapho ukudluliselwa kwe-overcurrent kusabela ekugelezeni kwamanje okweqile okungase kubonise iphutha noma ukulayisha ngokweqile. Ukudluliselwa kwebanga kusebenzisa izilinganiso ze-impedance ukuze kutholwe amaphutha kude ne-transformer, okuhlinzeka ngokuvikela okuyisipele kohlelo.

Ngokungeziwe kuma-relay okuvikela, ezinye izinto zokuvikela ezifana nezinqamuleli zesekethe, amafuse, nezibambisi ezihlinzayo zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni ama-transformer. Ama-Circuit breaker asetshenziselwa ukunqamula ngokushesha i-transformer ohlelweni uma kwenzeka iphutha, kuyilapho ama-fuse ehlinzeka ngokuvikeleka kwe-overcurrent kuma-winding e-transformer. Izibambisi zokuhlinza zivikela i-transformer ekukhuphukeni kwamandla kagesi okubangelwa umbani noma ukusebenza kokushintshwa, ukuvimbela ukulimala kokushisa kanye namaphutha angaphakathi.

Ukuxhumana nokuhlolwa okufanele kwama-relay okuvikela kanye namadivayisi kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwawo okuthembekile kanye nokuphepha okuphelele kwe-transformer. Ukunakekela okuvamile nokuhlola ngezikhathi ezithile kusiza ukuhlonza noma yiziphi izinkinga futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi amasistimu okuvikela akulungele ukuphendula ngempumelelo lapho kudingeka.

3. Amasistimu Wokuqapha Nokulawula

Izinhlelo zokuqapha nokulawula zibalulekile ekunikezeni ulwazi lwesikhathi sangempela mayelana nezimo zokusebenza zama-transformer kanye nokwenza ukuqapha okukude nokuphathwa kwempahla ye-transformer. Lawa masistimu ahlanganisa izinzwa, ama-transducer, nezindawo zokuxhumana eziqoqa idatha kumapharamitha afana nezinga lokushisa, ileveli kawoyela, nenani likagesi, okuvumela ama-opharetha ukuthi aqaphe isimo nokusebenza kwe-transformer.

Ukuqapha izinga lokushisa kuyisici esibalulekile sempilo ye-transformer, njengoba amazinga okushisa eqile angaholela ekonakaleni kwe-insulation kanye nokunciphisa isikhathi sokuphila. Izinzwa kanye namadivayisi okuqapha izinga lokushisa asetshenziselwa ukukala izinga lokushisa lama-windings e-transformer, uwoyela, nezinye izingxenye ezibalulekile, okuhlinzeka ngesixwayiso sangaphambi kwesikhathi sezinkinga ezingase zibe khona. Ukwengeza, ama-monitor ezingeni likawoyela asetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inani elanele lamafutha okupholisa likhona ku-transformer, ukugwema ukushisa ngokweqile nokugcina ukusebenza kahle kwe-insulation.

Ngokungeziwe emisebenzini yokuqapha, amasistimu okulawula avumela opharetha ukuthi balungise imingcele yokusebenza, bashintshe phakathi kwamamodi okupholisa, futhi baphendule kuma-alamu nezimo ezingavamile bekude. Amandla okuqapha okukude avumela ukugcinwa okusebenzayo nokuxazulula izinkinga, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula kanye nokwenza ngcono ukwethembeka okuphelele kwama-transformer. Amasistimu okulawula athuthukile angase futhi ahlanganise izici ezifana nokuphathwa komthwalo okuzenzakalelayo, ukuhlonza iphutha, nama-algorithms okulungisa abikezelayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwe-transformer nokuphila isikhathi eside.

Ukufakwa okufanele, ukulinganisa, nokuhlanganiswa kwezinhlelo zokuqapha nokulawula kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okunembile nokuthembekile. Ukulinganisa okuvamile nokuhlolwa kwezinzwa nezinkundla zokuxhumana kusiza ukugcina ubuqotho bemisebenzi yokuqapha nokulawula, ukusekela ukugcinwa okumatasa kanye nokusabela okuphumelelayo ezindabeni zokusebenza.

4. Insulation kanye ne-Dielectric Testing Equipment

Imishini yokuhlola i-insulation kanye ne-dielectric ibalulekile ekuhloleni isimo se-transformer insulation kanye nokuqinisekisa ubuqotho bayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukufakwa kwe-transformer kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukuphuka kukagesi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile nokuthembekile kweyunithi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinto zokufakelwa zingase ziwohloke ngenxa yezinto ezinjengokucindezeleka okushisayo, umswakama, nokungcoliswa, okuholela ekwehluleka okungenzeka uma kungatholwa futhi kusingathwe ngokushesha.

Imishini yokuhlola i-Dielectric isetshenziselwa ukuhlola amandla e-dielectric nobuqotho be-transformer insulation, ihlinzeka ngolwazi mayelana nekhono layo lokumelana nezingcindezi zikagesi. Izisetshenziswa ezifana nezihloli zokumelana nokufakwa kwe-insulation, izihloli ze-dielectric standstand, kanye namadivayisi okulinganisa okukhishwa kancane asetshenziselwa ukuhlola izakhiwo zokuhlukanisa nokuhlonza izinkinga ezingaba khona. Abahloli bokumelana ne-insulation bakala ukumelana kwezinto zokufakelwa, kuyilapho abahloli be-dielectric ukumelana besebenzisa ingcindezi ye-voltage ephezulu ku-insulation ukuhlola amandla ayo okumelana nokuphuka. Imishini yokukala yokukhipha okuyingxenye ithola futhi ihlaziye umsebenzi wokukhipha ingxenye ngaphakathi kokuvala, okungabonisa amaphutha okufakwa kwe-insulation kanye namaphoyinti okuhluleka okungaba khona.

Ukufakwa okuvamile kwe-insulation kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-dielectric kubalulekile ukuze kutholakale noma yikuphi ukuwohloka noma ukuwohloka kwe-insulation ye-transformer, okuvumela ukugcinwa nokulungisa okusebenzayo. Ukuhlola kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana namazinga emboni kanye nezinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zokuqinisekisa imiphumela enembile nethembekile. Ukuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile kokumelana nokufakwa kwe-insulation, amandla e-dielectric, kanye nomsebenzi wokukhipha ingxenye ethile kusiza ukugcina ubuqotho bokufakwa kwe-transformer futhi kusekela ukwethembeka kukonke kweyunithi.

5. Izinsiza Zokuhlaziya Amafutha e-Transformer

Imishini yokuhlaziya uwoyela we-Transformer ibalulekile ekuhloleni isimo sikawoyela we-transformer kanye nokuhlonza izinkinga ezingase zibe nomthelela ekusebenzeni nokuthembeka kwe-transformer. Amafutha e-Transformer asebenza njengendawo yokupholisa kanye ne-insulator kagesi, edlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni ubuqotho be-transformer. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uwoyela we-transformer ungawohloka ngenxa yezinto ezifana ne-oxidation, ukungcoliswa komswakama, kanye nokuba khona kwe-particle, okuthinta ikhono layo lokwenza imisebenzi ehlosiwe.

Imishini yokuhlaziya uwoyela isetshenziselwa ukuhlola izakhiwo ezahlukahlukene zikawoyela we-transformer, okuhlanganisa ukwakheka kwawo kwamakhemikhali, amandla e-dielectric, kanye nomswakama. Ukuhlolwa okunjengokuhlaziywa kwegesi encibilikisiwe, ukuhlolwa kwe-acidity, nokuhlaziywa komswakama kunikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nesimo samafutha kanye ne-transformer. Ukuhlaziywa kwegesi encibilikisiwe kusiza ekutholeni amaphutha okuqala kanye ne-arcing yangaphakathi ngaphakathi kwe-transformer, kuyilapho ukuhlolwa kwe-acidity kuhlola ukuba khona kwemikhiqizo ene-asidi ebangelwa ukuwohloka kukawoyela. Ukuhlaziywa komswakama kubalulekile ukuze kutholwe okuqukethwe kwamanzi amaningi kuwoyela, okungaholela ekwehleni kwe-insulation nokusebenza okuncishisiwe.

Ukuhlaziya nokuqapha uwoyela okuvamile kubalulekile ukuze kutholakale izinkinga ezingase zibe khona ezithinta uwoyela we-transformer, okuvumela ukunakekelwa okusebenzayo kanye nezinyathelo zokulungisa. Ukusampula nokuhlolwa kwamafutha e-transformer kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso zemboni kanye nezinqubo ezinconyiwe zokuqinisekisa imiphumela ethembekile nenembile. Ukuhlaziywa kwamafutha ngezikhathi ezithile kusekela ubuqotho obuqhubekayo nokusebenza kwamafutha e-transformer, okunomthelela ekuthembekeni okuphelele kanye nokuhlala isikhathi eside kwe-transformer.

Sengiphetha, izinto zokusebenza ezibalulekile zama-transformer zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okuphephile, okuthembekile, nokusebenza kahle kwalezi zingxenye ezibalulekile zesistimu yamandla. Amasistimu wokupholisa, ama-relay okuvikela kanye namadivayisi, izinhlelo zokuqapha nokulawula, imishini yokuhlola i-insulation kanye ne-dielectric, kanye nemishini yokuhlaziya uwoyela we-transformer konke kubalulekile ekugcineni ubuqotho nokusebenza kwama-transformer. Ukufakwa ngendlela efanele, ukunakekelwa, nokuhlolwa kwalesi sixhobo kubalulekile ukuze kusekelwe ukwethembeka okuphelele nokuhlala isikhathi eside kwama-transformer, okunomthelela ekuzinzeni nasekusebenzeni kahle kwezinhlelo zamandla kagesi. Ngokuqonda imisebenzi kanye nokubaluleka kwempahla ye-transformer ebalulekile, opharetha kanye nabasebenzi abalungisayo bangaphatha ngempumelelo futhi bavikele impahla ye-transformer, baqinisekise ukuthi banikela ngokuqhubekayo ekulethweni okuthembekile kwamandla kagesi. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuthuthuka, ukuthuthukiswa kwezisetshenziswa ezithuthukisiwe nezintsha zama-transformer kuzothuthukisa ukusebenza kwazo kanye nokwethembeka esimweni esiguqukayo samandla.