I-laser welding iyindlela yesimanje futhi ephumelela kakhulu yokuhlanganisa izinto kusetshenziswa i-laser beam. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene njengezezimoto, i-aerospace, electronics, kanye namadivayisi wezokwelapha. Umshini wokushisela we-laser uyithuluzi elibalulekile kule nqubo, uhlinzeka ngokushisela okunembile futhi okuphezulu. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngendlela yokwenza umshini wokushisela we-laser, okuhlanganisa izingxenye ezidingekayo, inqubo yomhlangano, namathiphu okusebenza ngempumelelo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumuntu othanda ukuzilibazisa, umkhiqizi omncane, noma unjiniyela ofuna ukwakha umshini wokushisela ngokwezifiso, lo mhlahlandlela uzokunikeza ulwazi oludingekayo ukuze uqalise.
Isinyathelo sokuqala ekwenzeni umshini wokushisela i-laser ukuqonda izingxenye ezakha uhlelo. Nakuba kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini yokushisela i-laser, izingxenye eziyisisekelo zihlanganisa umthombo we-laser, i-optic egxilile, isistimu yokuphatha i-workpiece, kanye nesistimu yokulawula.
Umthombo we-laser uyinhliziyo yomshini wokushisela, ohlinzeka ngamandla adingekayo ukuncibilikisa nokuhlanganisa izinto ezihlanganiswayo. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zamalaser asetshenziswa ekushiseleni ama-laser-state aqinile, ama-fiber lasers, nama-CO2 lasers. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezinzuzo nemikhawulo yalo, futhi ukukhethwa komthombo we-laser kuncike ekusetshenzisweni okuqondile kanye nezinto ezishiselwe.
I-optic egxilile inesibopho sokuletha i-laser beam endaweni eqondile lapho ukushisela kuzokwenziwa khona. Ngokuvamile iqukethe ilensi noma isistimu yesibuko engashintsha ububanzi be-laser beam, ukwakheka, nokuqina. I-optic egxilile idlala indima ebalulekile ekuzuzeni ukushisela kwekhwalithi ephezulu ngokuqinisekisa ukuma okunembile nokulawula kwe-laser beam.
Isistimu yokubamba izingcezu zokusebenza iwumshini obamba futhi uphathe izinto ezishiselwe. Ingase iqukathe ingalo yerobhothi, ithebula le-CNC, noma into eyenziwa ngesandla, kuye ngobunkimbinkimbi nezinga lokuzenzekelayo lenqubo yokushisela. Uhlelo lokuphatha izingcezu zokusebenza kufanele lunikeze ukuma okuzinzile nokunembile kwezinto zokwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yokushisela engaguquki.
Uhlelo lokulawula ubuchopho bomshini wokushisela we-laser, onesibopho sokuxhumanisa ukusebenza komthombo we-laser, ukugxila kwe-optic, kanye nesistimu yokubamba izingcezu zokusebenza. Kuhlanganisa izingxenye zehadiwe nesofthiwe ezivumela opharetha ukuthi asethe imingcele yokushisela, agade inqubo, futhi enze izinguquko njengoba kudingeka. Uhlelo lokulawula lubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukushisela okunembile nokuphindaphindwayo.
Uma usuzuze zonke izingxenye ezidingekayo, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuhlanganisa umshini wokushisela we-laser. Inqubo yokuhlanganisa ingahluka kuye ngedizayini ethile kanye nokucushwa komshini, kodwa izinyathelo ezijwayelekile ezilandelayo zisebenza ekusetheni okuningi.
Okokuqala, khweza umthombo we-laser kanye ne-optic egxilile ezindaweni ezikhethiwe ngokuya ngemininingwane yomkhiqizi. Vikela izingxenye endaweni futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ukuqondana kwazo kunembile. Ukuqondanisa okulungile kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe i-laser beam egxilile futhi ezinzile.
Okulandelayo, faka isistimu yokubamba i-workpiece bese uyihlanganisa nesistimu yokulawula. Ngokuya ngobunkimbinkimbi besistimu yokusingatha, lesi sinyathelo singase sihlanganise ukuhlanganiswa komshini nogesi, kanye nokuhlela nokulinganisa. Kubalulekile ukulandela imihlahlandlela yomkhiqizi kanye nezinqubo zokuphepha lapho usetha uhlelo lokubamba izingcezu zokusebenza.
Uma izingxenye ezinkulu sezisendaweni, xhuma amandla adingekayo kanye nezinhlelo zokupholisa emthonjeni we-laser kanye nohlelo lokulawula. Imithombo ye-laser ikhiqiza inani elikhulu lokushisa ngesikhathi sokusebenza, futhi ukupholisa okufanele kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kwayo nokuphila isikhathi eside. Uhlelo lokulawula ludinga futhi ukunikezwa kwamandla okuzinzile nokulawula izinga lokushisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuthembekile.
Ngemuva kokuthi zonke izingxenye zihlangene futhi zixhunyiwe, hlola umshini we-laser welding ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kwawo nokuphepha. Yenza uchungechunge lwama-welds wokuhlola usebenzisa izinto ezilahliwe ukuze uhlole ukusebenza komshini futhi ulungise imingcele njengoba kudingeka. Kubalulekile ukulandela izimiso zokuphepha futhi ugqoke amagiya okuvikela afanelekile phakathi nalesi sigaba sokuhlola.
Lapho umshini wokushisela we-laser usuhlanganisiwe futhi wahlolwa, sekuyisikhathi sokukala futhi ulungise kahle ukusebenza kwawo. Ukulinganisa kuhlanganisa ukulungisa amapharamitha we-laser, njengamandla, ubude be-pulse, kanye nemvamisa, ukuze kuzuzwe izici zokushisela ezifiselekayo. Ukushuna kahle kungase kuhlanganise ukwenza kahle i-optic egxilile, ukulungisa isistimu yokubamba isiqeshana sokusebenza, nokulungisa kahle isistimu yokulawula.
Ukulinganisa nokulungisa kahle kuyizinyathelo ezibalulekile zokuzuza ukushisela kwekhwalithi ephezulu ngomshini wokushisela we-laser. Zidinga indlela ehlelekile kanye nokunaka ngokucophelela imininingwane ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukusebenza komshini kuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokushisela. Kubalulekile ukugcina amarekhodi anemininingwane yokulinganisa kanye nenqubo yokulungisa kahle ukuze kube lula ukuxazulula izinkinga nokunakekelwa esikhathini esizayo.
Ngesikhathi sokulinganisa, kubalulekile ukusungula isethi yemingcele ye-welding ekhiqiza ama-welds angaguquki futhi athembekile. Lawa mapharamitha angabandakanya amandla e-laser, isivinini sokushisela, indawo yokugxila kuyo, kanye nobubanzi be-beam. Ngokushintsha ngokuhlelekile lezi zinhlaka kanye nokuhlola ikhwalithi yokushisela, kungenzeka ukuhlonza izilungiselelo ezifanele zezinto ezithile kanye nemiklamo ehlanganyelwe.
Ukulungisa kahle umshini kuhilela ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwawo ngokugcwele ukuze uzuze ikhwalithi engcono kakhulu yokushisela kanye nokukhiqiza. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukulungisa i-optic egxilile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuzinza nokuma kwe-beam, ukuthuthukisa isistimu yokubamba isiqeshana somsebenzi ukuze kuncishiswe isikhathi sokusetha nokwandisa ukufinyeleleka, nokulungisa kahle isistimu yokulawula ukuze kube lula ukusebenza nokuqapha okuphumelelayo.
Ngemva kokuba umshini wokushisela we-laser usuqoqwe, ulinganiswe, futhi ulungiswe kahle, usulungele ukusebenza. Ukusebenza komshini kuhilela ukumisa i-workpiece, ukukhetha imingcele efanele yokushisela, nokuqalisa inqubo yokushisela. Kubalulekile ukulandela imihlahlandlela yokuphepha, ukugqoka amagiya okuvikela afanelekile, nokuqapha inqubo eduze ukuze uqinisekise ikhwalithi yokushisela engaguquki.
Lapho usebenzisa umshini wokushisela we-laser, kubalulekile ukunaka izinto ezinjengokuhlanzeka kwempahla, ukulingana kwamalunga, nokuma kwe-beam. Ukulungiswa kahle kwe-workpiece, okuhlanganisa ukuhlanzwa, ukwehlisa, nokubeka endaweni, kubalulekile ekuzuzeni ama-welds ekhwalithi ephezulu. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-laser beam ibekwe ngokunembile futhi igxile ekuhlanganyeleni kubalulekile futhi ngekhwalithi yokushisela engaguquki.
Ngaphezu kwezici zokusebenza, kubalulekile ukusungula isimiso sokulungisa umshini we-laser welding. Ukunakekelwa okuvamile kusiza ukuvimbela isikhathi sokuphumula esingalindelekile futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi umshini uyaqhubeka nokusebenza kahle kakhulu. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuhlanza okokubona, ukuhlola nokufaka esikhundleni sezinto ezisebenzisekayo njengemibhobho namafasitela okuvikela, nokuqapha amasistimu okupholisa namandla.
Ukunakekela okusebenzayo kungasiza futhi ukukhomba izinkinga ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuthi zithinte ukusebenza komshini. Ngokuqapha izinkomba zokusebenza ezibalulekile, njengamandla e-laser, ikhwalithi ye-beam, nokunemba kokusingatha izingcezu zokusebenza, kuyenzeka kutholwe okudidayo futhi uthathe isinyathelo sokulungisa ngaphambi kokuthi kudlulele ezinkingeni ezibaluleke kakhulu. Ukunakekelwa okuvamile kubalulekile ukuze kwandiswe isikhathi sokuphila nokusebenza komshini.
Sengiphetha, ukwakha umshini wokushisela i-laser kudinga ukuqonda okuphelele kwezingxenye kanye nenqubo yokuhlanganisa, kanye nokulinganisa ngokucophelela, ukulungisa kahle, kanye nezinqubo zokusebenza nokugcina. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wakha umshini wangokwezifiso wohlelo oluthile noma umisa isistimu evamile yemisebenzi yokushisela evamile, ukunaka imininingwane kanye nokunamathela emikhubeni ehamba phambili kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ukushiselwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nokwandisa ukusebenza komshini nempilo yokuphila. Ngolwazi olunikezwe kulesi sihloko, unesisekelo esiqinile sokwenza umshini wakho we-laser welding futhi uwusebenzise ngokuphumelelayo emisebenzini yakho yokushisela.
.