ICanwin iyiNkampani Yokuguqula Amandla Kagesi & Umkhiqizi Wesiguquli Kagesi
Ulimi
ICanwin iyiNkampani Yokuguqula Amandla Kagesi & Umkhiqizi Wesiguquli Kagesi
Umbuzo:
"Kune-transformer yakudala engu-1000KVA enomthwalo okhona cishe ongu-200KW. Uma kuzongezwa umthwalo omusha ongaba ngu-600KW, ingabe le transformer ingamelana nayo?"
Lo mbuzo kuqala ubandakanya umqondo, okungukuthi, ubudlelwano kanye nomehluko phakathi kwe-KVA ne-KW.
I-KVA (kilovolt-ampere) iyiyunithi yamandla abonakalayo, futhi i-KW (kilowatt) iyiyunithi yamandla asebenzayo. Ngaphezu kwamandla abonakalayo namandla asebenzayo, kunamandla asebenzayo, futhi iyunithi yamandla asebenzayo yi-Kvar (kilovar).
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwamandla asebenzayo, amandla asebenzayo, namandla abonakalayo?
Amandla asebenzayo amandla empeleni asetshenziswa izinto zikagesi, okungukuthi, amandla kagesi aguqulwa abe ezinye izinhlobo zamandla.
Isibonelo, izikweletu zikagesi zansuku zonke ezikhokhelwa yiwo wonke umuntu ziwugesi osebenzayo;
Amandla asebenzayo asho ukuthi ezinye izisetshenziswa empeleni aziwudli ugesi, yingxenye yamandla kuphela egcina ugesi okwesikhashana.
Isibonelo, uma kukhona i-capacitor/coil kudivayisi kagesi, lapho idivayisi isebenza, i-capacitor/coil izohlala isesimweni sokushaja nokukhipha. Ngenxa yokuthi i-capacitor/coil ishajiwe futhi yakhishwa, ayiwudli ngempela ugesi, ngakho le ngxenye yamandla ibizwa ngokuthi amandla asebenzayo.
Amandla abonakalayo abhekisela emandleni aphelele anikezwa amandla kagesi.
Ukwengeza ekunikezeni amandla asebenzayo ezintweni zikagesi, ukunikezwa kwamandla (ngokuvamile kubhekisela ku-transformer noma i-generator) nakho kudingeka kunikeze amandla asebenzayo. Isizathu silula kakhulu. Nakuba i-capacitor emshinini kagesi ingawadli amandla, ihlale ishaja futhi ikhipha, ngakho-ke idinga futhi ukuthatha ingxenye yomthamo wokuphakelwa kwamandla.
Ngemva kokucacisa lezi, ake sibheke ubuhlobo phakathi kwabo, esizokhuluma ngomunye umqondo - isici samandla. Ukuthi mangakanani amandla asebenzayo angahlinzeka ngogesi kuncike kusici samandla.
【Isici samandla】
Isici samandla sibhekisela esilinganisweni samandla asebenzayo kumandla abonakalayo, ngokuvamile avezwa njenge-cosφ.
Isibonelo, i-transformer engu-1000KVA ingakhipha amandla angu-600KW asebenzayo lapho isici samandla cosφ=0.6; kodwa uma isici samandla sithi cosφ=0.9, singakhipha u-900KW wamandla asebenzayo.
Uma i-1 kWh kagesi ingu-1 yuan, lapho isici samandla singu-0.6, i-transformer ingakwazi ukukhiqiza izinzuzo zezomnotho ze-yuan engu-600 ngehora; lapho isici samandla sifinyelela ku-0.9, i-transformer ingakwazi ukukhiqiza ama-yuan angu-900 ngehora lezinzuzo zezomnotho. Eqinisweni, indima yokuhlinzeka ngesici samandla ingaphezu kwalokho okulula, kukhona okuningi, ngakho-ke ngeke ngikhulume ngakho lapha.
【Ukuhlaziywa kwalesi sihloko】
Ngesisekelo esingenhla, kulula ukuchaza lesi sihloko.
Iyunithi yomthamo we-transformer yi-KVA (kilovolt-ampere), kanti iyunithi yamandla kagesi yi-KW (kilowatt). Kuphela uma isici samandla singu-1, lapho amandla okukhipha amandla angu-1000KW angalayishwa ngokugcwele, kodwa ngokuyisisekelo akunakwenzeka ezinhlelweni ezingokoqobo.
Lapho uklama, kuyadingeka ukushiya umkhawulo othize, ovame ukubalwa ngokwesilinganiso sokuthobela esingu-90%, esinomnotho futhi esinengqondo, okungukuthi, 1000×0.9=900KVA. Uma sinxephezela isici samandla sibe ngu-0.95 nangaphezulu ngesinxephezelo samandla, i-transformer ingakhipha amandla asebenzayo angu-900×0.95=855KW.
Qaphela: Inkampani kagesi idinga ukuthi isici samandla kumele sibe ngaphezu kuka-0.9, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzoba nezijeziso; kodwa isici samandla asikwazi ukudlula i-1, ngaphandle kwalokho i-voltage yesistimu izokhula futhi ithinte ukusebenza okuvamile kwesistimu.
Isihloko sithi i-transformer engu-1000KVA ekuqaleni yayihlinzeka amandla kagesi angu-200KW, futhi manje isisetshenziswa sikagesi esingu-600KW sengeziwe. Amandla asebenzayo aphelele ezinto zikagesi afinyelele ku-800KW, okungakadluli inani elibaliwe.
Ngakho-ke, i-transformer engu-1000KVA ekuqaleni yayinikeze amandla kagesi angu-200KW, futhi manje isisetshenziswa sikagesi esingu-600KW sengeziwe. Uma nje singakwazi ukwandisa isici samandla ngenani elidingekayo, i-transformer ingasebenza ngokuphepha isikhathi eside.
