zingaphi iintlobo zoomatshini bokuwelda abakhoyo

Ukuwelda yinkqubo ebalulekileyo kumashishini amaninzi, kwaye ukuba nomatshini wokuwelda ofanelekileyo kunokwenza umahluko. Nangona kunjalo, ngeentlobo ezininzi zoomatshini bokuwelda abakhoyo, kunokuba ngumngeni ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi eyona ilungele iimfuno zakho ezithile. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini bokuwelda, imisebenzi yabo, kunye nezinto eziluncedo kunye nezingeloncedo zohlobo ngalunye.

Oomatshini bokuWelding ngentonga

I-Stick welding, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), yenye yezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo kunye neziguquguqukayo zeenkqubo zokuwelda. Oomatshini bokudibanisa intonga basebenzisa umsinga wombane ukwenza i-arc phakathi kwentonga ye-welding kunye ne-workpiece, ukunyibilika kokubili intonga kunye ne-workpiece ukwenza i-puddle weld. Olu hlobo lomatshini wokuwelda luthandwa ngenxa yokukwazi ukuwelda uninzi lwesinyithi, kubandakanya intsimbi engatyiwa, intsimbi yekhabhoni, intsimbi ephosiweyo, kunye nezinto ezingezizo ezoni. Ikwafanelekile kwi-welding yangaphandle kunye neemeko ezinomoya, okwenza kube yinto ekhethiweyo yokwakhiwa kunye neeprojekthi zokulondoloza.

Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zoomatshini bokuwelda intonga kukuphatheka kwabo kunye nokulula. Zifuna ukuseta okuncinci kwaye zinokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ngokuthe nkqo, ngaphezulu, kunye nokuthe tye. Nangona kunjalo, i-welding stick inokuba ngumngeni kubaqalayo ngenxa yokuxhomekeka kwayo kwi-dexterity ye-manual kunye nesidingo sokutshintsha rhoqo iintonga ze-welding. Ukongezelela, i-slag eyenziwe ngexesha lenkqubo ye-welding kufuneka ikhutshwe emva kwe-weld nganye, yongeza ixesha kwinkqubo ye-welding jikelele.

Oomatshini bokuWelding be-MIG

I-MIG (i-Metal Inert Gas) welding, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW), yinkqubo ye-welding eyaziwayo esebenzisa i-electrode yocingo eqhubekayo kunye negesi ye-inert, njenge-argon okanye i-helium, ukukhusela i-weld puddle ekungcoleni kwe-atmospheric. . Oomatshini bokuwelda be-MIG baziwa ngokuguquguquka kwabo, isantya esiphezulu se-welding, kunye nokukwazi ukuwelda uluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo, kubandakanya i-aluminium, insimbi engenasici, kunye nentsimbi ethambileyo. Olu hlobo lomatshini wokuwelda lusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwimizi-mveliso yeemoto, ukuvelisa, kunye nokuvelisa.

Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zoomatshini bokuwelda be-MIG kukulula kwabo ukusetyenziswa kunye namazinga aphezulu okubekwa, okubenza balungele ukuwelda izinto ezibhityileyo. Ukongezelela, ukungabikho kwe-slag kunciphisa isidingo sokucocwa kwe-post-weld, ukugcina ixesha kunye neendleko zabasebenzi. Nangona kunjalo, oomatshini bokuwelda be-MIG bafuna ukubonelelwa rhoqo kwegesi yokukhusela kwaye basenokungafaneleki ukuwelda ngaphandle kwiimeko ezinomoya. Abazifanelanga kakuhle iindawo zokuwelda ezithe nkqo okanye ngaphezulu.

TIG oomatshini bokuwelda

I-TIG (i-Tungsten Inert Gas) i-welding, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), yinkqubo ye-welding echanekileyo kunye ne-versatile esebenzisa i-electrode ye-tungsten engasetyenziswayo ukwenza i-weld. Oomatshini be-TIG be-welding basebenzisa i-filler material eyahlukileyo, ukuba kuyimfuneko, kunye negesi ye-inert, njenge-argon okanye i-helium, ukukhusela i-weld puddle ekungcoleni kwe-atmospheric. Ukuwelda kwe-TIG idume ngokukwazi kwayo ukuvelisa iiwelds ezikumgangatho ophezulu nezinomtsalane obalaseleyo wobuhle, iyenza ibe lolona khetho lukhethwayo kumashishini anje nge-aerospace, iimoto, kunye nokutya nesiselo.

Olunye uncedo oluphambili koomatshini bokuwelda be-TIG kukukwazi ukuwelda uluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo, kubandakanywa isinyithi esibhityileyo, ii-alloys ezingaqhelekanga, kunye neentsimbi ezingezizo i-ferrous, ngokuchaneka okukhethekileyo kunye nolawulo. Ukuwelda kwe-TIG kukwavelisa i-spatter encinci kunye nokugqwetheka, okukhokelela ekucoceni okucocekileyo kunye nobuhle obukholisayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuwelda kwe-TIG kufuna umgangatho ophezulu wobuchule kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwesandla-kwamehlo, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu kubaqalayo. Ukongeza, oomatshini bokuwelda be-TIG banezantya ezicothayo ze-welding xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iinkqubo, zibenza bangakulungeli ukuvelisa umthamo ophezulu.

Oomatshini bokuWelding beFlux-Cored

I-Flux-cored welding, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Flux-Cored Arc Welding (FCAW), yinkqubo ye-welding eguquguqukayo esebenzisa i-tubular wire ezaliswe yi-flux ukukhusela i-weld puddle kwi-atmospheric. Oomatshini bokudibanisa i-Flux-cored banokusetyenziswa kunye okanye ngaphandle kwegesi yokukhusela, okwenza ukuba bafanelekele ukuwelda ngaphandle kunye neemeko zomoya. Olu hlobo lomatshini wokuwelda luthandwa kakhulu ngenxa yezantya eziphezulu zokuwelda, ukungena nzulu, kunye nokukwazi ukuwelda izinto ezishinyeneyo, nto leyo eyenza kube lolona khetho lukhethwayo kwisakhiwo sentsimbi, ukwakhiwa kweenqanawa kunye nokwenziwa kwezixhobo ezinzima.

Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zoomatshini bokuwelda be-flux-cored kumazinga abo aphezulu okubekwa kunye nokungena okunzulu, okubenza balungele ukuwelda izixhobo ezishinyeneyo kwipasi enye. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-flux-cored wire kuphelisa isidingo segesi yokukhusela yangaphandle, ukunciphisa iindleko ezipheleleyo ze-welding. Nangona kunjalo, i-welding ye-flux-coreed iyakwazi ukuvelisa i-spatter eninzi kunye nomsi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iinkqubo, ezifuna umoya ofanelekileyo kunye nokutsalwa komsi. Ukongeza, oomatshini be-welding be-flux-cored basenokungafaneleki ukuwelda izinto ezibhityileyo ngenxa yegalelo lobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokubanakho ukutshisa.

Oomatshini bokuWelding bePlasma Arc

I-Plasma arc welding yinkqubo ye-welding echanekileyo kunye neguquguqukayo esebenzisa i-arc ethintelweyo kunye nejethi yesantya esiphezulu segesi ye-ionized ukudala i-weld. Oomatshini be-Plasma arc welding sebenzisa i-electrode ye-tungsten engasetyenziswayo, igesi yeplasma, efana ne-argon okanye i-nitrogen, kunye negesi yesibini yokukhusela, njenge-argon, ukukhusela i-weld puddle ekungcoleni kwe-atmospheric. Olu hlobo lomatshini wokuwelda luyathandwa ngenxa yokukwazi ukuvelisa iiwedi ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ukungena ngokupheleleyo ngokuchaneka okukhethekileyo kunye nolawulo, nto leyo eyenza kube yeyona nto ikhethwayo kumashishini afana ne-aerospace, inyukliya kunye ne-elektroniki.

Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zoomatshini bokuwelda i-arc ye-plasma kukukwazi kwabo ukuwelda uluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo, kubandakanya i-alloys exotic, isinyithi esiphikisayo, kunye nesinyithi esingafaniyo, kunye nokuphazamiseka okuncinci kunye neendawo ezichaphazeleka bubushushu. I-Plasma arc welding inokuvelisa i-welds ngesantya esiphezulu xa kuthelekiswa ne-TIG welding, iyenze ilungele ukuveliswa kwevolumu ephezulu. Nangona kunjalo, oomatshini be-welding ye-plasma arc bafuna inqanaba eliphezulu lobuchule kunye nokuseta ngokufanelekileyo ukufezekisa iziphumo ezigqwesileyo, okwenza ukuba bafaneleke ngakumbi kwizicelo ezikhethekileyo. Ukongezelela, iindleko zezixhobo kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswayo ze-plasma arc welding ziphezulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iinkqubo, okwenza ukuba kungabizi kakhulu kwizicelo ze-welding jikelele.

Isishwankathelo, kukho iintlobo ezininzi zoomatshini bokuwelda ezikhoyo, nganye ineengenelo zayo ezizodwa kunye nokungonakali. Ukukhethwa komatshini we-welding kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno ezithile zesicelo se-welding, kubandakanywa uhlobo lwezixhobo, ubukhulu, indawo ye-welding, kunye nomthamo wemveliso. Ngokuqonda iimpawu zohlobo ngalunye lomatshini we-welding, i-welders kunye ne-fabriators banokwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi ukuze bafezekise iziphumo ezilungileyo kwiiprojekthi zabo ze-welding. Nokuba kukuwelding intonga kwizicelo zangaphandle, ukuwelda kwe-MIG kwimveliso enesantya esiphezulu, ukuwelda kwe-TIG ukuchaneka kunye nobuhle, i-flux-cored welding yokungena nzulu, okanye i-plasma arc welding yezicelo ezikhethekileyo, umatshini wokuwelda ochanekileyo unokwenza wonke umahluko ekufezekiseni impumelelo. umgangatho ophezulu, iiwelds ezithembekileyo. Ngoko ke, kwixesha elizayo kufuneka ukhethe umatshini wokuwelda, qwalasela iimfuno ezithile zeprojekthi yakho ye-welding ukukhetha umatshini ongcono kakhulu womsebenzi.