Indlela yokugweba kunye nokujongana nezi ziganeko ezingaqhelekanga kwi-transformers?

1. Isandi se-transformer sikhulu kunesiqhelo, kwaye isandi siyafana. Kusenokubakho ezi zizathu zilandelayo:

(1) Ukugqithiswa kwamandla kwenzeka kwigridi yamandla. Xa isiseko sesigaba esisodwa senzeke kwigridi yamandla okanye i-resonance overvoltage eyenzekayo, isandi se-transformer siya kwanda.

(2) Xa i-transformer igcwele kakhulu, i-transformer iya kwenza isandi esinzima esithi "hum". Ukuba umthwalo we-transformer ufunyaniswa ukuba ugqithise ixabiso eliqhelekileyo elivumelekileyo, umthwalo we-transformer kufuneka uncitshiswe ngokwemigaqo kwisayithi.

Isisombululo: hlalutya izizathu, wenze iirekhodi, uqinise ukubeka iliso, kwaye ubuyisele i-transformer ekusebenzeni okuqhelekileyo ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba kubangelwa ukugqithiswa, kuya kwenziwa ngokuhambelana nomgaqo wonyango olugqithisiweyo.

2. I-transformer inengxolo

Kusenokubakho ukungcangcazela okubangelwa ngamalungu akhululekileyo kwi-transformer. Ukuba isandi se-transformer sande kakhulu, kwaye i-current kunye ne-voltage ayiqhelekanga, inokubangelwa ukukhulula i-clamp yangaphakathi okanye i-screw ecinezela i-core core, eyandisa ukungcangcazela kwe-silicon sheet sheet.

Indlela yonyango: Ukuba ayichaphazeli ukusebenza kwe-transformer, inokuthi ingaqwalaselwanga okwethutyana, yenza iirekhodi, iqinise ukubeka iliso, inike ingxelo kunye nokuthunyelwa kwayo, kwaye ifake isicelo sokuhlolwa nokucutshungulwa kombane ngabaphathi abafanelekileyo.

3. I-transformer inesandi sokukhupha

I-transformer inesandi sokukhupha "i-crackling". Ukuba ubona i-corona eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye iintlantsi kufutshane ne-transformer bushing ebusuku okanye kwimozulu yemvula, oko kuthetha ukuba iindawo ze-porcelain zimdaka kakhulu okanye amakhadi omgca wesixhobo akadibanisi kakubi. Ukuba i-transformer ikhutshwe ngaphakathi, kukukhutshwa kwe-electrostatic yamacandelo angabonakaliyo okanye ukukhutshwa kwe-inter-turn kwi-coil, okanye ukukhutshwa ngenxa yoqhagamshelwano olubi lwempompo yokutshintsha.

Isisombululo: Ngeli xesha, i-dispatcher kunye neenkokheli ezifanelekileyo kufuneka zichazwe ukuba zifake isicelo sokuhlolwa kokungaphumeleli kwamandla kwe-transformer.

4. I-transformer inesandi esiphumayo

Ibonisa ukuba i-insulation yangaphakathi okanye i-surface ye-transformer iphukile, kwaye i-transformer kufuneka imiswe ngokukhawuleza ukuze ihlolwe.

5. I-transformer inesandi samanzi abilayo

Ukuba i-transformer inesandi samanzi abilayo, kwaye iqondo lobushushu litshintsha ngokukhawuleza kwaye izinga leoli liyenyuka, kufuneka kugwetywe ukuba i-transformer winding ifutshane okanye i-tap changer idibene kakubi ngenxa yokushisa okukhulu, kwaye i-transformer kufuneka iguqulwe. zimiswe ngoko nangoko ukuze zihlolwe.

(2) Ubushushu be-oyile ephezulu buphezulu

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukushisa kweoli yomgangatho ophezulu we-transformer kufuneka kubonwe ngexesha lokusebenza, kwaye ukushisa kwee-windings kufuneka kulawulwe ngokubeka iliso kwiqondo lokushisa kweoli yomgangatho ophezulu ukukhusela inqanaba le-insulation ekuweni kunye nokuguga. Ngaphantsi komthwalo oqhelekileyo kunye neemeko zokupholisa eziqhelekileyo, ukushisa kweoli ye-transformer kungaphezulu kwe-10 ° C ngaphezu kwesiqhelo okanye umthwalo we-transformer uhlala ungatshintshi, kwaye ukushisa kweoli kuyaqhubeka nokunyuka. Impazamo (efana nomlilo ongundoqo wentsimbi kunye nesekethe emfutshane phakathi kojiko olujikajikayo, njl. njl.). Ngeli xesha, i-transformer kufuneka imiswe ngokukhawuleza ukukhusela ingozi ye-transformer ekukhuliseni.

(3) Umbala weoli awuqhelekanga

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ioli ye-transformer kufuneka ibe tyheli eqaqambileyo kwaye ibonakale. Xa kufunyenwe ukuba umbala we-oyile kwigeyiji yenqanaba le-oyile uyatshintsha ngexesha lokusebenza, kufuneka uqhagamshelane ukuthatha iisampulu zeoyile kuhlalutyo lwebhubhoratri. Ukuba umbala weoli ye-transformer ngokukhawuleza uyancipha ngexesha lokusebenza, kwaye kukho ikhabhoni kwioli kunye nezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga, amandla kufuneka anqunyulwe ngokukhawuleza ukuze ahlolwe kunye nonyango.

(4) Inqanaba leoli aliqhelekanga

Umqamelo weoyile we-transformer uxhotyiswe ngenqanaba le-oyile, elibonisa ngokubanzi imigca emithathu yenqanaba leoli xa ubushushu bu--30 ° C, +20 ° C, kunye +40 ° C. Ngokwale migca mithathu yokumakisha, kunokugwetywa ukuba ngaba kuyimfuneko ukunyusa okanye ukukhupha amanzi.

Izinga eliphezulu leoli:

Xa izinga leoli le-transformer ekusebenzeni liphezulu kakhulu okanye i-oyile iphuphuma kwi-pillow yeoli, kufuneka uqale uhlolisise ukuba ngaba umthwalo kunye nokushisa kwe-transformer kuqhelekileyo. inqanaba leoli lobuxoki. Ngeli xesha, ngemvume ye-dispatcher emsebenzini, ukukhuselwa kwegesi (igesi enzima) kufuneka kutshintshwe kwisignali, kwaye emva koko ukuphefumula kufuneka kuhlanjululwe ukuze kuqhutywe. Ukuba umqamelo weoyile uphuphuma ngenxa yobushushu obuphezulu be-ambient, kufuneka ikhutshwe.

Inqanaba leoli eliphantsi:

Ukuba inqanaba leoli le-transformer liphantsi kakhulu, ukukhuselwa kwegesi (igesi yokukhanya) kuya kwenza; xa kukho ukunqongophala okukhulu kweoli, i-iron core kunye ne-windings iya kubonakaliswa emoyeni, ekulula ukuchatshazelwa ngumswakama kwaye inokubangela ukuphuka kwe-insulation. Ipetroli. Ukuba inqanaba leoli lehla ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yexabiso elikhulu lokuvuza kweoli, ngaphantsi kwe-gas relay okanye iyaqhubeka nokuhla, i-transformer kufuneka imiswe ngokukhawuleza.

(5) Umthwalo omninzi

Xa i-transformer ekusebenzeni igcwele, isibonakaliso se-ammeter sidlula ixabiso elizinzile, isignali, intsimbi ye-alamu, njl. Abanini-zithuthi kufuneka bayisingathe ngokwale migaqo ilandelayo:

①Jonga ukuba umsinga kwicala ngalinye uyalidlula ixabiso elichaziweyo, kwaye unike ingxelo kwigosa elisemsebenzini.

②Jonga ukuba umgangatho we-oyile kunye nobushushu be-oyile ye-oyile ye-transformer iyinto eqhelekileyo, kwaye ubeke zonke ii-coolers zisebenze ngaxeshanye.

③ Lungisa indlela yokusebenza ngexesha. Ukuba kukho i-spare transformer, kufuneka isetyenziswe.

④Ukucwangciswa koqhagamshelwano kunye nokulungelelanisa ukuhanjiswa komthwalo ngexesha.

⑤ Kwimeko yokugqithiswa okuqhelekileyo, ixesha elivumelekileyo lokusebenza linokumiselwa ngokwe-multiple of overload, kwaye ukubeka iliso kwinqanaba leoli kunye nokushisa kweoli kuya kuqiniswa, kwaye ixabiso elivumelekileyo aliyi kugqithiswa. Ukuba ixesha lidlulile, umthwalo kufuneka uncitshiswe ngokukhawuleza.

⑥ Kwimeko yomthwalo ogqithisileyo ngempazamo, ukuphinda-phinda okuvumelekileyo kunye nexesha lokugcwala kuya kuphunyezwa ngokwemigaqo yomenzi. Ukuba ukugqithiswa kwe-multiple kunye nexesha lidlula ixabiso elivumelekileyo, ukuthotyelwa kwe-transformer kufuneka kuncitshiswe ngokwemigaqo.

⑦ Yenza uhlolo olubanzi lwe-transformer kunye neenkqubo ezinxulumene nayo. Ukuba kukho nakuphi na okungaqhelekanga kufunyenweyo, kufuneka kuxelwe kwaye kusingathwe.

(6) Ukusilela kwenkqubo yokupholisa

Xa inkqubo yokupholisa i-transformer (ibhekisela kwimpompo engaphantsi kwamanzi, inkqubo yamanzi okupholisa) iphosakele, kwaye i-transformer ithumela igalelo lokulinda le-chiller kunye ne-chiller full stop signal, la manyathelo alandelayo kufuneka athathwe:

1. Kufuneka ijongwe ngoko nangoko ukuba i-backup cooler ifakiwe na.

2. Khangela ngokukhawuleza isizathu sokuphuma kombane kwaye ubuyisele ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwesixhobo sokupholisa ngokukhawuleza.

3. Ukuqinisa ukubeka iliso kwiqondo lokushisa kweoli kunye nenqanaba le-oyile yomgangatho ophezulu we-transformer, ngakumbi ngexesha lokumisa ngokupheleleyo isixhobo sokupholisa.

4. Ukuba inkqubo yokupholisa ayikwazi ukubuyiselwa ixesha elithile, isicelo kufuneka senziwe ukunciphisa umthwalo okanye isicelo sokuba i-transformer ihoxiswe ekusebenzeni ukuze ithintele i-transformer ukuba isebenze ngaphezu kwexesha elichaziweyo elingapholisiyo, okubangela ukuba i-transformer ihoxiswe emsebenzini. overheating kunye nomonakalo.

(7) Isenzo sokukhusela igesi

Izizathu zesenzo sokukhusela igesi isenokuba:

1. Kukho iphutha elincinci kwi-transformer, evelisa igesi ebuthakathaka;

2. Umoya ungena kwi-transformer;

3. Izinga leoli liyancipha;

4. Impazamo yesekethe yesibini (efana ne-two-point grounding ye-DC system, njl.njl.), ebangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle.

Emva kokuba isignali yokukhusela igesi ibonakala, umqhubi kufuneka aqhube ngokukhawuleza ukuhlolwa kwangaphandle kwe-transformer. Okokuqala, khangela inqanaba leoli kunye nombala we-oyile kumcamelo weoli, nokuba kukho igesi, umthamo wegesi kunye nombala kwi-relay yegesi, kwaye ukhangele ukuba kukho ukuvuza kweoli kumzimba we-transformer kunye nenkqubo yokujikeleza kweoli enyanzelwayo. Ngelo xesha, jonga utshintsho kumthwalo we-transformer, ubushushu kunye nesandi, njl njl. Emva kokuhlolwa kwangaphandle, ukuba akukho nto engaqhelekanga ifunyenwe, igesi ye-transformer kufuneka ifakwe ukuze ifumane ubunjani begesi, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko. , isampuli yeoli kufuneka ithathelwe ukuvavanya ukugqiba ngokudibeneyo uhlobo lwesiphoso.

(8) Amalungu kunye nezizathu ezithanda ukufudumala ngexesha lokusebenza

1. Ukutshintsha itephu akuqhagamshelwanga kakuhle

Uqhagamshelwano olubi lukhokelela ekwandeni kokuchasana nokunxibelelana, ukwanda kokusetyenziswa, kunye nokuveliswa kobushushu obunzima. Oku kunokwenzeka ngakumbi emva kotshintsho lwempompo naxa i-transformer igcwele kakhulu.

2. Isiphaluka esifutshane phakathi kokujika kokujika

Iibhulukhwe ezimfutshane ezijikayo ngumonakalo wokugquma phakathi kojiko oluyameneyo. Oku kuya kudala i-loop evaliweyo ye-short-circuit kwaye inciphise inani lokujikoza kweso sigaba. Kukho i-short-circuit current ebangelwa yi-alternating magnetic flux kwi-short-circuit loop, eya kuvelisa ukushisa okuphezulu kwaye inokubangela ukuba i-transformer itshise.

3. Kukho isekethe emfutshane phakathi kwentsimbi engundoqo ye-silicon sheets

Ngenxa yomonakalo wamandla angaphandle okanye ukuguga kwe-insulation kunye nezinye izizathu, ukugquma kwesikhumba sepeyinti phakathi kwamaphepha ensimbi ye-silicon konakalisiwe, okuya kwandisa i-eddy yangoku, kubangele ukushisa kwendawo, kunye nokunyibilika kwiimeko ezinzima. Oku kubizwa ngokuba ngumlilo wentsimbi.

4. Uqhagamshelwano olubi lwezinye iindawo lubangela ukushisa kwendawo.

Iingcebiso zokuphatha: ukubeka iliso ngokusondeleyo utshintsho lweqondo lokushisa kwiindawo ezigqithisiweyo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo, ukuhlalutya izizathu zokushisa, ukucwangciswa koqhagamshelwano, kunye nokujongana nokuhamba kombane.

2. Ukuphathwa ngengozi kwee-transformers

Ngokubanzi: Ngokutsho kwe-6.1.2 ye-DL/T572-95 "iMimiselo yokuSebenza kwiiGuquli zoMbane":

Ukuba i-transformer inenye yezi meko zilandelayo, kufuneka imiswe ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba kukho i-spare transformer esebenzayo, kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokukhawuleza:

a. Isandi se-transformer siyanda ngokucacileyo, into engaqhelekanga kakhulu, kwaye kukho isandi esiphumayo ngaphakathi;

b. Ukuvuza okukhulu kweoli okanye i-oyile ye-oyile, ukwenzela ukuba inqanaba leoli lehle ngaphantsi komda obonakalisiweyo wezinga le-oyile;

c. I-casing inomonakalo omkhulu kunye nokukhutshwa;

d. I-transformer ibamba umlilo ngomsi.

(1) Uhambo oluzenzekelayo lwe-transformer

Emva kokuba i-transformer ihambe ngokuzenzekelayo, uhlolo olulandelayo kunye nonyango kufuneka lwenziwe:

① Emva kokukhubeka ngokuzenzekelayo kwe-transformer, umqhubi kufuneka enze unyango olucwangcisiweyo, oko kukuthi, abeke isiguquli sokugcina ukusebenza, ukulungelelanisa imo yokusebenza kunye nokusabalalisa umthwalo, kunye nokugcina inkqubo yokusebenza kunye nezixhobo zayo zikwimeko eqhelekileyo.

②Jonga ukuba luhlobo luni lwesenzo sokukhusela kunye nokuba isenzo sichanekile.

③ Qonda ukuba ingaba inkqubo inesiphoso kunye nobunjani bempazamo.

④Le miqathango ilandelayo inokuvavanywa kube kanye ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwangaphandle: abasebenzi babambe ngempazamo, basebenze kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle; kuphela i-low-voltage overcurrent okanye i-time-limited overcurrent protection isebenza, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, izixhobo ezikwinqanaba elilandelayo ze-transformer yokukhwela ziyasilela kwaye ukukhuselwa kwayo akusebenzi. kwaye inqaku lokusilela libekwe lodwa.

⑤ Ukuba ulwahlulo, ukukhuselwa kwegesi okanye ukukhuselwa ngokukhawuleza kwe-overcurrent kunye nezinye izenzo zokukhusela, kwaye kukho impembelelo xa kukho impazamo, kuyimfuneko ukuba kwenziwe uhlolo olunzulu lwe-transformer kunye nenkqubo yayo, ukuphuma kwamandla. kwaye ulinganise ukugquma. Akuvunyelwe ukubeka i-transformer ekusebenzeni kuze kube yilapho isizathu singakhange sichongwe okanye siphathwe.

(2) Isenzo sokukhusela igesi (ukukhubeka)

Xa isenzo sokukhusela igesi se-transformer sihamba, uhlolo olulandelayo kunye nonyango kufuneka lwenziwe:

a) Qokelela irhasi yesilayidi serhasi ukwenzela uhlalutyo lwekhromatografi. Ukuba akukho rhasi, khangela ukuba izithuba zocingo kunye nezikhokelo zesekethe yesibini kunye ne-gas relay zifakwe kakuhle.

b) Jonga ukuba umgangatho we-oyile, ubushushu be-oyile kunye nombala we-oyile zitshintshile na;

c) Jonga ukuba umbhobho ongagqabhukiyo kwaye ugalele amafutha;

d) Jonga ukuba iqokobhe le-transformer likhubazekile kwaye nokuba i-welding seam itshiziwe.

e) Ukuba akukho nto ingaqhelekanga ifunyenwe emva kokuhlolwa, kwaye kuqinisekisiwe ukuba ukungasebenzi kubangelwa yimpazamo yesiphaluka sesibini, ukukhuselwa kwegesi kunokudibaniswa nomqondiso okanye ukuhoxiswa phantsi komqathango wokuba ukukhuselwa okwahlukileyo kunye nokukhuselwa kwe-overcurrent kuguqulwa. on, ukuvavanya amandla kanye, kwaye womeleze monitor.

f) Ukuba kukho igesi kwi-gas relay okanye kukho iingxaki ngezinto ezingentla apha, b, c, kunye no-d, ukuhlolwa kokuphelelwa kwamandla kufuneka kwenziwe kwaye unyango oluhambelanayo kufuneka lwenziwe.

(3) Isenzo sokukhusela i-transformer overcurrent

Xa isenzo sokukhusela i-transformer overcurrent sihamba, uhlolo olulandelayo kunye nonyango kufuneka lwenziwe:

a) Khangela ibha yebhasi kunye nezixhobo kwi-busbar isiphaluka esifutshane kunye ne-debris;

b) Khangela ukuba ngaba izixhobo ezininzi zovavanyo ze-transformer zifutshane;

c) Khangela ukuba ukhuseleko kwicala le-low-voltage luyasebenza, kwaye ukuba ukhuseleko lomgca ngamnye luyasebenza.

d) Xa kuqinisekiswa ukuba i-busbar ayinawo amandla, umgca oqhutywe yi-busbar kufuneka uvule.

e) Kwimeko yokusilela kwebhasi, cinga ngokutshintsha ibhasi okanye ukudlulisa umthwalo.

f) Xa kuqinisekiswa ukuba luhambo lwe-leapfrog emva kokuhlolwa, kufuneka uqhagamshelane ne-dispatcher emsebenzini kwaye uzame ukuthumela amandla kube kanye.

g) Xa unikezelo lombane lovavanyo lulungile, jonga umgca onempazamo nganye nganye.

h) Ukuba kubangelwa isiphaluka, amandla angathunyelwa kuphela emva kokuphelisa ingxaki.

(4) Isenzo sokukhuselwa kwenguqu eyahlukileyo

Emva kohambo lokhuselo lolwahlulo lwenguqu, olu hlolo lulandelayo kunye nonyango kufuneka lwenziwe:

a) Khangela ukuba i-transformer ayiqhelekanga, khangela ukuba izigqubuthelo ezingaphakathi kuluhlu lokukhusela olwahlukileyo zine-flashover, umonakalo, kunye nokuba ngaba iintambo zifutshane.

b) Ukuba akukho siphoso esicacileyo kwisixhobo ngaphakathi koluhlu lokukhusela olwahlukileyo, khangela ukuba ukukhuselwa kwe-relay kunye nesekethe yesibini iphosakele, nokuba isekethe ye-DC isekelwe kwiindawo ezimbini.

c) Akukho siphoso kolu hlolo lungentla, kwaye emva kokunika ingxelo kwinjineli eyintloko ukuze ivunywe, uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwe-step-up kufuneka lwenziwe xa umthwalo unqanyuliwe, kwaye uqalise ukusebenza emva kokulungileyo.

d) Ukuba i-misoperation ebangelwa isiphaluka sombane, isiphaluka sesibini, njl., Ngemvume yeNjineli eyintloko, ukukhuselwa kokwahlukana kunokurhoxiswa kwaye i-transformer ingafakwa ekusebenzeni.

e) Xa ukukhuselwa kokwahlukana kunye nokukhuselwa kwegesi kusebenza ngaxeshanye ukuhamba kwi-transformer, i-transformer ayiyi kufakwa ekusebenzeni ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwangaphakathi kunye novavanyo.

(5) I-transformer ibamba umlilo

Imigaqo yokulungiswa komlilo weTransformer: ukungaphumeleli kwamandla - ukukhutshwa kweoli - ukucima umlilo.

① Ukungaphumeleli kombane: Ukuba i-transformer ibamba umlilo, ukuba ukhuseleko aluhambi ngokuzenzekelayo, ii-breakers zesekethe kunye nokutshintsha okukodwa okudityanisiweyo kufuneka kuqhawulwe kuqala, kwaye i-cooler kufuneka ihoxiswe ukukhupha umbane wayo. Ukuba ukusebenza kwezixhobo ezikufutshane kusengozini, kufuneka kwakhona kuqhagamshelwane naye ngexesha lokumisa ukusebenza kwezixhobo ezikufutshane.

② Ukukhutshwa kweoli: Ukuba ioli iphuphuma phezulu kwi-transformer kwaye ibambe umlilo, vula i-valve yokukhupha i-oyile kwindawo engezantsi ye-transformer kwaye ukhuphe ioli kwi-oyile ye-oyile yengozi, ukuze izinga leoli le-transformer liphantsi. kunobuso bomlilo; ukuba impazamo yangaphakathi ye-transformer ibangela umlilo, ayikwazi ukuchithwa. ioli yokuthintela ukuqhuma; ukuba i-transformer casing igqabhukile kwaye i-oyile iyaphuphuma, vala i-oyile ye-oyile yokuguqula i-valve yombane, vula i-oil drain valve yombane, kwaye ukhuphe i-oyile kwi-oyile ye-oyile yengozi enkulu.

③ Qalisa impompo yamanzi omlilo, vula ivalve yamanzi omlilo kwaye utshize i-transformer ukucima umlilo.

④ Ingxelo kumphathi kwaye uvule isicwangciso sikaxakeka.

⑤ Yazisa isebe lomlilo ukuze ufumane uncedo.

Qaphela: Thatha inxaxheba ekucimeni umlilo ngaphandle kokubeka emngciphekweni ukhuseleko lomntu. Kungcono ukusebenzisa i-carbon dioxide, i-carbon tetrachloride, izixhobo zokucima umlilo ezinomgubo owomileyo kunye nesanti eyomileyo xa ucima umlilo; izicima-mlilo kufuneka zinxibe iimaski zegesi.

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