Ubuchwepheshe Bogesi Q&A (1.1)

1. Yini ingqikithi yomthetho kaKirchhoff?

(1) Umthetho wokuqala we-Kirchhoff, ophinde ubizwe ngokuthi umthetho wamanje we-Kirchhoff, okungukuthi i-KCL, umthetho ohlola ubudlelwano phakathi kwemisinga emagatsheni ahlukahlukene esekethe. Ithi: kunoma iyiphi i-node kumjikelezo, isamba samanje esigeleza ku-node silingana nesamba samanje esigeleza siphuma ku-node. Inkulumo yayo yezibalo ithi sigma I=0;

(2) Umthetho wesibili we-Kirchhoff ubizwa nangokuthi umthetho we-voltage we-Kirchhoff, okungukuthi i-KVL, ehlola ubudlelwano phakathi kwama-voltage ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zesekhethi. Iveza ukuthi: kunoma iyiphi isekethe evaliwe kusekethe, isamba se-algebraic sama-voltage esigabeni ngasinye silingana noziro. Inkulumo yayo yezibalo ithi: σ U=0;

2. Uyini umphumela wesikhumba?

Lapho i-alternating current idlula ku-conductor, ukusatshalaliswa kwamanje akufani nhlobo kuzo zonke izindawo esigabeni esiphambanayo se-conductor, ngobuningi obuncane kakhulu phakathi nendawo yomqhubi, futhi ukuminyana okukhulu kuseduze nobuso bomqhubi. . Le nto yamanje yokusabalalisa ijwayele ukuba ngaphezulu komqhubi, okubizwa ngokuthi umphumela wesikhumba.

3. Iyini imiqondo kanye nezici ze-resonance efanayo?

Kumjikelezo ohambisanayo we-inductor ne-capacitor, into eyenza ukuthi i-voltage yetheminali yesekethe ehambisanayo isesigabeni samanje esiphelele ibizwa ngokuthi i-parallel resonance. I-resonance ehambisanayo ibonakala ngokuthi: lapho i-resonance ehambisanayo ifinyelelwa ngokushintsha i-capacitance C, i-impedance ephelele yesifunda iphezulu, ngakho-ke inani lamanje lesifunda liba lincane. Kodwa egatsheni ngalinye, i-current yayo ingase ibe nkulu kakhulu kunengqikithi yamanje, ngakho-ke i-parallel resonance ibizwa nangokuthi i-resonance yamanje. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ku-resonance parallel, ngenxa yokuthi i-voltage esibulalayo kanye nenani lamanje kusesigabeni esifanayo, isici samandla sesekethe sifinyelela inani eliphakeme, okungukuthi, i-cos ilingana no-1, futhi i-parallel resonance ngeke ikhiqize i-resonant overvoltage engozini. ukuphepha kwemishini. Ngakho-ke, isinika indlela ephumelelayo yokuthuthukisa isici samandla.

4. Akhiwa kanjani ama-eddies? Kuyini ukulahlekelwa kwamanje kwe-eddy?

Umsinga oshintshanayo udluliswa kukhoyili ene-iron core, ekhiqiza ukuguquguquka okuguquguqukayo kanye namandla alingelwe. Ngaphansi kwesenzo salokhu okunamandla, umgogodla uzokwakha iluphu ezenzelayo yamanje, ebizwa nge-eddy current.

Ukulahleka kwamandla okubangelwa i-eddy yamanje kubizwa ngokuthi ukulahlekelwa kwamanje kwe-eddy.

5.Iyini inqubo yenguquko? Yini ebangela inqubo yenguquko?

Inqubo yoguquko iyinqubo edlulayo, okuyinqubo ethatha isikhathi esithile isuka kwesinye isimo iye kwesinye.

Inqubo yenguquko ibangelwa ukuba khona kwezinto zokugcina amandla. Izingxenye zokugcina amandla ezifana nama-inductors nama-capacitor azikwazi ukugxuma kumjikelezo, okungukuthi, i-current ye-inductor kanye ne-voltage ye-capacitor ayikwazi ukuguqula inqubo yoshintsho. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kube nenqubo yokuguquka kusuka esimweni esizinzile kuya kwesinye isimo kumjikelezo.

6. Siyini isimiso se-superposition?

Kumjikelezo womugqa, amandla amanje (noma i-voltage) yanoma iliphi igatsha yisamba se-algebraic samanje (noma i-terminal voltage) ekhiqizwa egatsheni lapho imithombo yamandla eminingana isebenza ngesikhathi esisodwa. Uma kusetshenziswa umgomo we-superposition, umthombo we-voltage kufanele ubhekwe njengowomjikelezo omfushane futhi umthombo wamanje njengowomjikelezo ovulekile.

7. Yiziphi izinzuzo zokusebenzisa i-generator yezigaba ezintathu kanye nempahla yokuhlinzeka ngamandla?

Umthamo we-generator yezigaba ezintathu mncane kunalowo we-generator yesigaba esisodwa lapho ukhiqiza umthamo ofanayo kagesi. Kunemigqa embalwa yokudlulisela nokusabalalisa yezigaba ezintathu kunemigqa yokudlulisela kanye nokusabalalisa yesigaba esisodwa, engasindisa izinto eziningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-motor ezigaba ezintathu asebenza kangcono kunama-motor esigaba esisodwa. Ngakho-ke, imishini yezigaba ezintathu isetshenziswa kakhulu.

8. Kungani uhlelo lwezintambo ezintathu lwezigaba ezintathu lungasetshenziswa ekunikezeni amandla amamotho ezigaba ezintathu, kuyilapho uhlelo lwezintambo ezine lwezigaba ezintathu kufanele lusetshenziselwe ukukhanyisa amandla?

Ngenxa yokuthi injini yezigaba ezintathu ingumthwalo olinganayo wezigaba ezintathu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uxhumano lwenkanyezi noma uxhumano lukanxantathu, idinga kuphela ukuxhuma imigqa yezigaba ezintathu zenjini yezigaba ezintathu emigqeni yezigaba ezintathu zokunikezwa kwamandla, futhi ayikwenzi. zidinga ulayini wesine wokungathathi hlangothi, ngakho ugesi wesistimu wemigqa emithathu wezigaba ezintathu ungasetshenziswa. Umthwalo wokukhanyisa ugesi uyisibani sikagesi, i-voltage yayo elinganiselwe yi-voltage yesigaba, ukuphela kwesinye kufanele kuxhunywe umugqa wesigaba, umkhawulo owodwa uxhunywe nomugqa ongathathi hlangothi, ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi isigaba ngasinye se-voltage asithinti omunye nomunye, ngakho-ke kufanele asebenzise isistimu yomugqa wesigaba sesine, kodwa akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa ukukhanyisa phansi kwesigaba sokuqala.

Yiziphi izici eziyinhloko ze-transistor?

(1) i-amplification factor (β), iwukulinganisa ikhono lokukhulisa i-transistor;

(2) ukuhlehla kokusebenza kwamanje (Icbo), okubonisa ikhwalithi ye-transistor junction;

(3) I-Penetration current (Iceo), ebonisa ukusebenza kwe-triode.

10. Iyini impendulo ye-transistor? Yiziphi izinhlobo zempendulo?

Ku-transistor amplifier, ingxenye ye-voltage noma yamanje kokuphumayo ibuyiselwa emuva kokokufaka ngendlela ebizwa ngokuthi yi-feedback.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zempendulo: ngemva kokwethulwa kwempendulo, i-amplification factor yokwanda kwe-amplifier ibizwa ngokuthi impendulo enhle, futhi isici sokukhulisa i-amplification siyancipha sibizwa ngokuthi impendulo engalungile.

11. Ayini amasekhethi ahlukene kanye namasekhethi abalulekile?

Kusetshenziswa isimiso sokuthi i-voltage phakathi kwemikhawulo emibili ye-capacitor ayikwazi ukushintshwa, isifunda esingashintsha igagasi elingunxande libe yigagasi elibukhali le-pulse libizwa ngokuthi i-different circuit, futhi isekethe engashintsha igagasi elingunxande libe yi-sawtooth wave ibizwa ngokuthi i-integral circuit. .

12. Iyini indima yomjikelezo wesihlungi?

Izilungisi ziguqula imanje eshintshanayo ibe eyamanje eqondile, kodwa i-waveform ngemva kokulungiswa iqukethe inani elikhulu le-ALTERNATING yamanje. Umsinga onjalo oqondile ungasetshenziswa kuphela kumishini enezidingo zamandla aphansi. Amanye amadivaysi, njengamathuluzi e-elekthronikhi namasekhethi okulawula okuzenzakalelayo, adinga ukuthi ingxenye yokushaya kwamandla kagesi ye-DC ibe incane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi ye-voltage elungisa kabusha futhi kuthuthukiswe i-voltage waveform yesekethe yesilungisi, isifunda sesihlungi sivamise ukufakwa ukuze kuhlungwe ingxenye ye-AC.

13. Indlela yokusebenzisa i-silicon elawulwayo rectifier?

Kumjikelezo wokulungisa, i-SCR ngesikhathi esingaphansi kwe-voltage eya phambili, shintsha isikhathi sokufaka i-trigger pulse, okungukuthi, shintsha usayizi we-Angle yokulawula, umthwalo ungathola amanani ahlukene we-voltage ye-DC, ngaleyo ndlela ulawule usayizi wokuphumayo. i-voltage.

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