UCanwin yiNkampani yeNkampani yoTshintsho lwaMandla kunye noMvelisi woMbane woMbane
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UCanwin yiNkampani yeNkampani yoTshintsho lwaMandla kunye noMvelisi woMbane woMbane
Ibhokisi ye-transformer ludibaniso lwezixhobo ezisisiseko zombane ophezulu kunye nophantsi, i-transformer, izixhobo zesibini kumzi-mveliso kumaleko aphindwe kabini, atywiniweyo, anqanda ukubola, ibhokisi yangaphandle eshukumayo.
Isitishi sohlobo lwebhokisi, ekwaziwa njengesikhululo esifakwe ngaphambili okanye esifakwe ngaphambili. Ngaba luhlobo lwezixhobo zokutshintsha ombane ophezulu, iziguquli zokusasazwa kunye nezixhobo zokusasaza amandla ombane ophantsi, ngokutsho kwesicwangciso socingo kufuneka zicwangciswe kwenye yomzi-mveliso wangaphakathi, izixhobo zokusasazwa kohlobo lwangaphandle, i-transformer inyathelo-phantsi, ukuhanjiswa kwamandla ombane ophantsi, kunye neminye imisebenzi organically idityaniswe kunye, efakwe ukufuma, umhlwa, uthuli, impuku, uthintelo umlilo, ukugada ubusela, ukugquma ubushushu, ivalwe ngokupheleleyo, ibhokisi yentsimbi eshukumayo, Ingakumbi ilungele ukwakhiwa komnatha ezidolophini kunye noguquko, yi substation entsha emva ukunyuka kwesikhululo soluntu. I-box-type substation ifanelekile kwimigodi, iifektri, amabala e-oyile kunye negesi kunye nezikhululo zamandla omoya. Ithatha indawo yegumbi lokuqala lonikezelo lwamandla oluntu kunye nesikhululo sokuhambisa umbane kwaye ibe yiseti entsha epheleleyo yesiguquli kunye nezixhobo zokuhambisa.
Ibhokisi ye-transformer ludibaniso lwezixhobo ezisisiseko zombane ophezulu kunye nophantsi, i-transformer, izixhobo zesibini kumzi-mveliso kumaleko aphindwe kabini, atywiniweyo, anqanda ukubola, ibhokisi yangaphandle eshukumayo.
Isitishi sohlobo lwebhokisi, ekwaziwa njengesikhululo esifakwe ngaphambili okanye esifakwe ngaphambili. Ngaba luhlobo lwezixhobo zokutshintsha ombane ophezulu, iziguquli zokusasazwa kunye nezixhobo zokusasaza amandla ombane ophantsi, ngokutsho kwesicwangciso socingo kufuneka zicwangciswe kwenye yomzi-mveliso wangaphakathi, izixhobo zokusasazwa kohlobo lwangaphandle, i-transformer inyathelo-phantsi, ukuhanjiswa kwamandla ombane ophantsi, kunye neminye imisebenzi organically idityaniswe kunye, efakwe ukufuma, umhlwa, uthuli, impuku, uthintelo umlilo, ukugada ubusela, ukugquma ubushushu, ivalwe ngokupheleleyo, ibhokisi yentsimbi eshukumayo, Ingakumbi ilungele ukwakhiwa komnatha ezidolophini kunye noguquko, yi substation entsha emva ukunyuka kwesikhululo soluntu. I-box-type substation ifanelekile kwimigodi, iifektri, amabala e-oyile kunye negesi kunye nezikhululo zamandla omoya. Ithatha indawo yegumbi lokuqala lonikezelo lwamandla oluntu kunye nesikhululo sokuhambisa umbane kwaye ibe yiseti entsha epheleleyo yesiguquli kunye nezixhobo zokuhambisa.
Ubume bebhokisi
Ulwakhiwo olupheleleyo lwebhokisi ye-transformer luhlulwe kakhulu lube ngamacandelo amathathu: i-switchgear ephezulu yombane, i-transformer kunye nesixhobo sokuhambisa umbane ophantsi.
I-Sulfur hexafluoride okanye i-vacuum circuit breaker, i-ring switch switch, i-load switch kunye ne-fuse ingasetyenziselwa ukutshintshwa kombane ophezulu ngokweemfuno zenkqubo. Izixhobo zokulinganisa zingafakwa kwakhona kwicala loxinzelelo oluphezulu. Icala lamandla ombane aphantsi lifakelwa ngokubanzi iswitsha enkulu kunye neswitshi ye-feeder yesebe, kunye nesinye isitshixo somxhesho kuphela. Ukutya okuthe ngqo kumsebenzisi wesiphelo esisezantsi-voltage. Kananjalo unokufaka i-capacitor yembuyekezo, isixhobo sokulinganisa iimitha njalo njalo. Iziguquli zokusasaza ngokubanzi zisebenzisa i-oyile-intywiliselwe okanye i-transformers eyomileyo.
Igumbi lamandla ombane aphezulu we-European box transformer ngokuqhelekileyo iqulunqwe ngumbane ophezulu wokutshintsha amandla ombane, i-fuse yamandla ombane aphezulu kunye nesibambisi sombane, njl. Igumbi le-voltage ephantsi liqulunqwe yi-low voltage air switch, i-transformer yangoku, i-ammeter, i-voltmeter kunye nokunye. Abaguquli ngokubanzi basebenzisa i-S9 okanye uhlobo olomileyo.
Umzimba webhokisi uneendlela ezimbini, ezizezi, uyilo lwemilo "yeliso" kunye noyilo lwemilo "yemveliso". Igumbi lombane eliphezulu neliphantsi elilungiselelwe ngokwemilo ye "mesh" libanzi, elilungele ukuqaphela iskimu sobonelelo lwamandla womnatha weringi kunye nenethiwekhi yeringi okanye uqhagamshelo lombane oluphindwe kabini.
Ibhokisi yaseMelika yodidi lwendibaniselwano yesiguquli, isakhiwo sayo sahlulwe saziinxalenye ezimbini ngaphambi nasemva, phambi kwekhabhinethi yocingo, ikhabhathi yocingo ibandakanya iitheminali zombane eziphakamileyo neziphantsi, iswitshi yomthwalo ophezulu wombane, iplagi yeplagi, isibambo sokusebenza sempompo yombane ephezulu, inqanaba leoli. imitha, imitha yobushushu be-oyile, njl.; Ngasemva yibhokisi yeoli kunye ne-sink yobushushu, i-transformer winding, i-iron core, i-high voltage load switch, i-plug fuse ikumzimba wetanki. Umzimba webhokisi wamkela isakhiwo esitywinwe ngokupheleleyo. Ibhokisi edibeneyo isanda kuphuhliswa ngabavelisi basekhaya, kwaye ayisetyenziswanga ngokubanzi. Yisakhiwo esine-double-layer, kunye namagumbi aphezulu kunye naphantsi kwamandla ombane abekwe ngaphezu kwegumbi le-transformer
I-European, American kunye nebhokisi edibeneyo ye-transformer nganye ineenzuzo kunye nokungalunganga, umthamo we-transformer yebhokisi yebhokisi yaseYurophu mkhulu, ukutshintshwa kwamandla ombane aphezulu naphantsi kunye neziguquli zibekwe kwiqokobhe elikhulu, iimeko zokulahla ubushushu ezimbi, kufuneka kufakwe isixhobo sokukhupha ngoomatshini. American ibhokisi transformer ngenxa ngqo yangaphandle ukupholisa ipleyiti transformer ukupholisa, iimeko ukutshatyalaliswa ubushushu zilungile ngokwentelekiso, kodwa imilo yayo imbi ngaphezu yaseYurophu, inkangeleko yayo kunzima ukuhambelana neendawo zokuhlala kunye nezinye okusingqongileyo eluhlaza. Utshintsho lwebhokisi oludityanisiweyo lugubungela umhlaba omncinci, izibonelelo kunye nokungalunganga kwebhokisi yaseMelika itshintsha ngokufanayo. Ukongeza, i-American, ibhokisi edibeneyo inokwenza kuphela umthamo we-630kVA olandelayo, ibhokisi yaseYurophu inokufikelela kwi-1250kVA.
Iindidi zesitishi esiqhelekileyo sebhokisi zohlulwe zibe ziindidi ezintathu
(1) Imodeli yesixhobo sokutshintsha amandla ombane aphezulu;
(2) uhlobo olomileyo lwemodeli yekhabhathi yesiguquli;
(3) Imodeli ye-low-voltage switchgear.
Intsingiselo yoonobumba abathathu bokuqala yile:
Uhlobo oludityanisiweyo luka-Z; B-Uncedo; N(W)- Ngaphakathi (ngaphandle, ngokuzikhethela); X - ibhokisi; Y-mobile.
Ukusebenza nokugcinwa kwecontainer transformer
(I) Iimfuno ezisisiseko zokusebenza kwebhokisi yesiguquli
1. Umgangatho wezixhobo zohlobo lwebhokisi kufuneka ubekwe kwindawo ephezulu, kungekhona kwindawo ephantsi, ukwenzela ukuba ungachaphazeli ukusebenza kwamanzi emvula athululela kwibhokisi. Xa ugalela iqonga lekhonkrithi, kufuneka kubekho isithuba. Ukuququzelela ukubekwa kwentambo yokungena kunye nemigca yokuphuma.
I-2, ibhokisi kunye nomhlaba womnatha kufuneka ube noqhagamshelwano oluthembekileyo ezimbini, i-box grounding kunye ne-zero inokwabelana ngenethiwekhi yomhlaba, uthungelwano lomhlaba ngokubanzi kwisiseko seembombo zone zemfumba yomhlaba, kwaye emva koko idityaniswe kwenye.
I-3, izixhobo zebhokisi azikwazi ukufunjwa ngokungekho mthethweni, ukuqinisekisa ukungena komoya kunye nokusebenza kweemfuno zokuhlolwa kwezixhobo zombane, utshintsho lwebhokisi ukuya ekupholiseni okujikelezayo kwendalo, ucango lwegumbi lesiguquli akufanele luvalwe.
4. Umsesane wokutshintsha kunye ne-transformer kwisixhobo sokuhambisa amandla ombane aphezulu. Umbane obamba umbane kunye nezinye izixhobo kufuneka zigcinwe rhoqo, zifunyenwe iziphene ekulungisweni kwexesha, uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lokukhusela ubuso. Khupha i-interlock yomatshini ngokuchanekileyo kwaye usebenze ngentonga yokugquma.
(2) Ukuhlolwa kunye nokugcinwa kwebhokisi ye-transformer Ukuhlolwa kunye nokugcinwa kwebhokisi ye-transformer kuya kuqhutywa rhoqo (kungekho ngaphantsi kanye ngenyanga) ngokomjikelo wokuhlola kunye nokugcinwa ukuvavanya ubushushu ekudibaneni kwentloko ye-cable terminal, khangela ukusebenza. wezixhobo, kwaye uvavanye ubuso xa kuyimfuneko.
Izinto zokuhlolwa ngokubanzi zezi zilandelayo:
I-1, isiseko sibanjwe, umgodi uvaliwe, ikhabhinethi ayinalo umswakama.
I-2, isixhobo sokumisa sigqityiwe, unxibelelwano oluhle. Jonga ukuba ukuxhathisa komhlaba kuyahlangabezana neemfuno.
3. Akukho tshintsho kwindawo yangaphandle. Nokuba ngaba ifuthe letrafikhi kunye nokhuseleko lwabahambi ngeenyawo.
4. Jonga umthwalo we-feeder nganye. Inqanaba lesithathu lomthwalo webhalansi okanye isenzeko somthwalo ogqithisiweyo, tshintsha indawo evulekileyo kwaye uvale, isalathisi sesixhobo sichanekile, isixhobo sokulawula sisebenza ngokuqhelekileyo.
I-5, ibhokisi yokutshintsha ibhokisi yothuli itshintshe uthuli lwangaphakathi kanye ngonyaka, igumbi loxinzelelo oluphezulu, indawo yekhabhathi yoxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye nomphezulu webhokisi unokusulwa ngelaphu elimanzi, i-transformer yangaphakathi yothuli okanye uthuli lwesicoci.
6. Ukugcinwa kwemihla ngemihla kunye nokulungiswa kwakhona kwefeni jonga ukusebenza kwefeni. Ukuba i-fan ayisebenzi, sebenzisa iqondo lokushisa kunye nesilawuli sokufuma ukulungisa ubushushu obungaphantsi kobushushu obukhoyo kwaye uqalise ifeni ukujonga.
7. Ukugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa kokutshintsha kombane ophezulu kunye ne-low-voltage ephantsi yokutshintsha indlela yokusebenza yombane
(1) Khangela isalathisi sebarometer. Ingaba ikwindawo eluhlaza. Ukuba ikwindawo ebomvu, vula kwaye uvale iswitshi. Yazisa umenzi ukuba ajongane naye ngokukhawuleza.
(2) ukuthanjiswa kwamalungu oomatshini, kunokusebenzisa igrisi ye-lithium ngokubanzi (ibhotolo) yokuthambisa emva kokwahlula kunye novavanyo lokusebenza lokuvala.
(3) Ikhebula, uvavanyo lwesiqhelo lokubamba umbane ngokweemfuno zovavanyo lwesiqhelo, uvavanyo lokugquma kunye nokuvuza kovavanyo lwangoku lwentambo, isibambisi sombane.
I-8, uvavanyo oluncedisayo lwesiqhelo lovavanyo lwesiqhelo lobushushu kunye nokufuma; Uvavanyo lwesiqhelo lwesixhobo se-alamu yomsi; Ukukhawuleza kunye nokuhlolwa kwebhloko ye-terminal: ukukhawuleza kunye nokuhlolwa kweendawo eziqhelekileyo.
I-9, ukugcinwa kwebhloko ye-terminal, ngenxa yokwandiswa kwe-thermal kunye nokunciphisa, ibhloko ye-terminal inokukhululeka, uhlolo lonyaka kufuneka lube zonke iitheminali kwi-terminal room retighten. Qaphela: Phambi kokuqinisa kwakhona, nceda uqinisekise ukuba iluphu yokuqala ye-AC kunye nesibini solawulo luvaliwe ukunqanda ukothuka kombane!
10, ukugcinwa kwebhokisi kukutshintsha imicimbi efuna ukuqwalaselwa
(1) ucango lwebhokisi lubonelelwe ngendlela yokumelana nomoya, kukuqinisekisa ukuba lugcinwa lukwimo evuleke ngokupheleleyo yesixhobo, vala ucango lwebhokisi kufuneka luphakanyiselwe phezulu ingcambu yesixhobo sokuthintela umoya, kwaye emva koko uvale ucango lwetoti. musa ukutsala, ukuthintela umatshini okanye ukuguqulwa kocango, kuchaphazela ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kokutshintsha kwebhokisi!
(2) Emva kokusebenza kwencwadana yendawo yokutshintsha komthamo wombane ophezulu, isiphatho sokusebenza sokutshintsha komthwalo kufuneka sibuyiselwe kwisibiyeli somqheba ngaphakathi kocango olungaphandle. Hleze ilahleke.
(3) Xa iluphu yokulinda ye-hV ring network cabinet ingaqhagamshelwanga kwiintambo okwethutyana, iluphu yokulinda kufuneka itshixiwe phambi kokuba ikhabhinethi yothungelwano lweringi ivulwe, okanye ibhloko yentambo kufuneka ivalwe ngesivalo sokugquma esixhasayo ukunqanda iingozi!
(4) Isigqubuthelo sothuli esinekhabhathi yeringi kumzi-mveliso ayinakusetyenziswa endaweni yesivalo sokugquma!
(5) Akuvumelekanga ukufaka nayiphi na iplagi yesiphaluka esifutshane kumngxuma wokuvavanya ngexesha lokusebenza. Ngaphandle koko, i-sensor ye-voltage inokonakala.
(6) Ukutshintsha kwe-low-voltage isolation kungasebenza kuphela kwindawo evuliwe. Musa ukutsala nzima!
Ukusebenza ngokuchanekileyo kokutshintsha kwebhokisi
1. Umsebenzi wokuvala
Vala ucango lwegumbi leentambo -- iswitshi esisiseko esahlukileyo -- vala isitshixo somthwalo.
2, ukusebenza kweziqhoboshi
Ukutshintsha komthwalo owahlukileyo -- vala isitshixo sokumisa -- ucango oluvulekileyo lwegumbi lentambo.
(1) Izilumkiso ngexesha lokusebenza
(1) Xa usenza umsebenzi wokuvula nokuvalwa komthwalo, umtshini kufuneka utyhalelwe kwindawo yokugqibela yokuvula okanye yokuvala. Musa ukukhulula okanye ukukhupha isibambo sokusebenza ngaphambi kokuba ukutshintshwa kugqitywe, ngaphandle koko i-spring rebound iya kulimaza umqhubi.
(2) Xa usenza umsebenzi wokuvula nokuvala umthwalo, isibambo sokusebenza kufuneka sibe ngaphandle ukukhusela ukulimala kumqhubi ngexesha lokusebenza.
(3) Phambi kokuba umsebenzi wokuvula nokucima ukutshintshwa komthwalo kwenziwe, iqhoshana lokutshintshela lesandla sombane kwicala eliphezulu lasekhohlo lephaneli yeyunithi ehambelanayo kufuneka litsalwe kwaye limiswe kwindawo yezandla ngokulijikelezisa ama-90 ° phambi kwencwadi yesikhokelo. ukusebenza kokutshintsha komthwalo kunokwenziwa, ngaphandle koko indlela inokonakala.
Indlela yokulungisa ingxaki yengxaki
(a) : i-breaker circuit breaker ayinakuvalwa
1. I-loop yokulawula iphosakele.
2. Iqhosha elibomvu kwiphaneli alimiselwanga ngokutsha emva kwesenzo sesixhobo sokukhubeka esikrelekrele.
3. Indlela yokugcina amandla ayigcini amandla
Indlela yokuphelisa
1. Sebenzisa i-multimeter ukujonga indawo yesiphaluka evulekileyo.
2. Fumana unobangela wohambo kwaye ucinezele iqhosha lokuseta kwakhona emva kokusombulula ingxaki.
3. Ukugcinwa kwamandla okwenziwa ngesandla okanye ombane.
(ezimbini) : iplastiki yecala lesaphuli sesekethe ayikwazi ukuvala
1. Umtshini awusetwanga ngokutsha emva kokukhubeka.
2. I-breaker circuit ine-coil e-undervoltage kodwa akukho mbane ekupheleni okungenayo.
Indlela yokuphelisa
1. Fumana unobangela wohambo kwaye usete kwakhona emva kokusombulula ingxaki.
2. Ukutshaja isiphelo esingenayo, phinda usete isiphatho, uze uvale iswitshi.
(3) i-breaker circuit iya kuxhuma xa ivaliwe
1. I-loop ephumayo ine-short-circuited
Indlela yokuphelisa
1. Akufuneki uvale ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kufuneka ufumane impazamo, ucime kwaye uvale.
(4) Ikhabhinethi ye-capacitor ayinakuhlawulwa ngokuzenzekelayo
1. Unikezelo lwamandla lwelophu yolawulo luyanyamalala.
2. Intambo yesiginali yangoku ayidityaniswanga kakuhle.
Indlela yokuphelisa
1. Khangela i-loop yolawulo kwaye ubuyisele ukunikezelwa kwamandla.
Indlela yokufaka ibhokisi yolwakhiwo lwebhokisi yohlobo loguqulo?
Ukwakhiwa kwesixhobo sokumisa ibhokisi ye-transformer
I-1, i-substation yebhokisi ejikeleze inethiwekhi yokumisa, inethiwekhi yokumisa kunye nezakhiwo ezijikelezileyo ezixhunyiwe kwinethiwekhi yokumisa.
2. Ubunzulu obungcwatyiweyo kunye neemfuno ze-welding zesixhobo sokumisa kufuneka sihlangabezane neemfuno zoyilo kunye neenkcukacha ezifanelekileyo.
3. Emva kokufakwa kwesixhobo sokumisa, kuyimfuneko ukuvavanya ukuchasana komhlaba kwimozulu yelanga kwaye xa umswakama womhlaba ufikelela kwiinkcukacha. Ukuba kukho isixhobo sokumisa isiseko esingahambelani neemfuno, yongeza isibonda esihambelanayo sokumisa kunye nebhasi yokumisa ngokweemfuno kuze kube yilapho ukuchasana komhlaba kuhambelana neemfuno zokuyila.
4. Uxhulumaniso phakathi kwesixhobo sokumisa kunye nezixhobo kufuneka zithembeke kwaye zihle.
Ukwakhiwa kofakelo lwebhokisi yangaphandle yesitishi esingaphantsi
1. Isicelo sokuvunywa: umyalelo wezinto ezihambelanayo kunye nezixhobo ngokweemfuno kunye neemfuno zokusetyenziswa komzobo woyilo loyilo lwebhokisi ye-transformer ebonelelwa ngumenzi webhokisi ye-transformer, kwaye unike imodeli yezixhobo kwisebe lonikezelo lombane ngaphambi kokuyalela i-transformer kwibhokisi ye-transformer. , kwaye inike ingxelo kwisebe lonikezelo lombane ukuze yamkelwe.
2. Iingcingo zombane: Emva kophando olukwisiza, misela indawo efanelekileyo yokufaka umbane we-10kV kwaye ulungiselele iskim sokwakha esihambelanayo sokufumana umbane.
I-3, ifakwe: ukwakhiwa kwesiseko sebhokisi-uhlobo lwe-substation, amacandelo ahambelanayo adibeneyo kunye nombhobho wensimbi wokukhusela intambo.
4. Ufakelo: emva kokuba isiseko sifikelele ngaphezu kwe-70% yamandla oyilo, i-box-type transformer ifika kwindawo yokuhlola kuqala. Isixhobo sinokufakwa kuphela emva kokuba izesekeli zigqityiwe, izixhobo zihamba kakuhle, kwaye akukho mhlwa okanye umonakalo womatshini. Kule nkqubo, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ekugcinweni kwesiseko.
5. Khangela: emva kokugqitywa kokwakhiwa kwebhokisi ye-transformer, iyunithi yokwakha iya kuqala iqhube ukuzilungisa kunye nokuzihlola izixhobo, kwaye emva koko inike ingxelo kwiyunithi yokwakha ukuba iphathise isebe lovavanyo ngesiqinisekiso sovavanyo lokungena kwibhokisi yovavanyo. .
Umthombo: I-Intanethi
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