UCanwin yiNkampani yeNkampani yoTshintsho lwaMandla kunye noMvelisi woMbane woMbane
Ulwimi
UCanwin yiNkampani yeNkampani yoTshintsho lwaMandla kunye noMvelisi woMbane woMbane
I-transformer yamandla yi-hub yokudluliselwa kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamandla ombane, kunye neyona nto ingundoqo yegridi yamandla. Ukusebenza kwayo okuthembekileyo akuhambelani kuphela nomgangatho wamandla uninzi lwabasebenzisi, kodwa kunye nokhuseleko lwenkqubo yonke. Ukuthembeka kwe-transformer yamandla kunqunywe yimeko yempilo yayo, ayixhomekeke kuphela kuyilo kunye nokuveliswa, izinto zokwakha, kodwa zihambelana ngokusondeleyo nokulungiswa kunye nokugcinwa. Ingxaki yokuphucula ukuchasana kwe-short-circuit of transformers kwiinkqubo zamandla kuxoxwa ngayo.
Isishwankathelo seziguquli zamandla
Isiguquli samandla e-elektroniki sibonwa ikakhulu ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji yombane yamandla. kwisignali yefrikhwensi yamandla, oko kukuthi, ukunciphisa amaza. Ngokwamkela isikimu solawulo esifanelekileyo sokulawula ukusebenza kwesixhobo sombane sombane, amandla ombane e-frequency enye, i-voltage kunye ne-waveform inokuguqulwa ibe ngamandla ombane wesinye isixa, i-voltage kunye ne-waveform. Ekubeni umthamo wenguqu ephakathi yokwahlula ixhomekeke kugxininiso lwemagnethi eguquguqukayo yezinto ezingundoqo zentsimbi kunye nokunyuka kobushushu obuvumelekileyo bombindi wentsimbi kunye nokujikajika, kunye noxinzelelo lwemagnethi yokuguquguquka ngokungafaniyo nesantya sokusebenza, ukwandisa ukusebenza kwayo. I-frequency inokuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwe-iron core efficient, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ubungakanani be-transformer kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kwayo ngokubanzi.
2. Amanyathelo okuphucula ukuxhathisa i-short-circuit ye-transformers amandla
Ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo, uqoqosho, okuthembekileyo kunye nemveliso ye-transformers ixhomekeke kumgangatho wabo wokuvelisa, indawo yokusebenza kunye nomgangatho wokulondoloza. Esi sahluko sizama ukuphendula amanyathelo okuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukungaphumeleli ngokukhawuleza kwe-transformer ngexesha lokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwe-transformer.
Igridi yamandla isoloko imfutshane ngenxa yokubetha kombane, ukungasebenzi kakuhle okanye ukwala ukukhuselwa kwe-relay, njl. njl. isiguquli kuyo yonke imiba. Iziphumo zeenkcukacha-manani zeengozi zeenguqu zenguqu ezimfutshane zibonisa ukuba izizathu zokwenziwa kwemveliso zithatha malunga nama-80%, ngelixa izizathu zokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa zithatha malunga ne-10% kuphela. Amanyathelo anxulumene nokuyila kunye nokuveliswa kuye kwaxutyushwa kwiSahluko 2, kwaye esi sahluko sigxininisa amanyathelo okufuneka athathwe ngexesha lokusebenza nokugcinwa. Kwinkqubo yokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa, ngakwesinye icala, iimpazamo ezimfutshane kufuneka zincitshiswe, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa inani lezihlandlo ezichaphazelekayo kwi-transformer; kwelinye icala, i-deformation ye-transformer winding kufuneka ihlolwe kwangethuba ukukhusela iingxaki ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke.
(1) Ukulinganisa uyilo kwaye ubeke ingqalelo kwinkqubo yoxinzelelo lwe-axial yokwenziwa kweekhoyili. Xa uqulunqa, umenzi akufanele acinge kuphela ukunciphisa ilahleko kunye nokuphucula inqanaba le-insulation ye-transformer, kodwa uphinde ucinge ngokuphucula amandla omatshini kunye nokuchasana kwesiphambeko esifutshane se-transformer. Ngokumalunga nenkqubo yokuvelisa, ekubeni abaninzi abaguquli basebenzisa iiplati zoxinzelelo lwe-insulating, kwaye iikhoyili eziphezulu kunye ne-low voltage coil zabelana ngeplate yoxinzelelo, esi sakhiwo sidinga umgangatho ophezulu wobugcisa bokuvelisa, kwaye iipads kufuneka zigxininiswe. Yomisa ikhoyili enye ngoxinzelelo oluqhubekayo, kwaye ulinganise ukuphakama kwekhoyili emva koxinzelelo; emva kokuba ikhoyili nganye yeplate yoxinzelelo efanayo icutshungulwe yinkqubo engentla, ihlengahlengiswa ukuya kubude obufanayo, kwaye isixhobo se-hydraulic sisetyenziselwa ukusebenzisa uxinzelelo oluchaziweyo kwikhoyili ngexesha lokuhlanganiswa kokugqibela. Ukufikelela kubude boyilo kunye neemfuno zenkqubo. Kwindibano jikelele, ngaphezu kokunyamekela ukunyanzeliswa kwe-coil high-voltage, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe ekulawuleni ukunyanzeliswa kwe-coil low-voltage.
(2) Yenza uvavanyo olufutshane lwesekethe kwi-transformer ukukhusela ukuba kungenzeki ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke. Ukuthembeka kokusebenza kweenguqu ezinkulu kuxhomekeke kuqala kwisakhiwo sayo kunye nenqanaba lenkqubo yokuvelisa, kwaye okwesibini kwiimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo ngexesha lokusebenza ukubamba iimeko zokusebenza kwezixhobo ngexesha. Ukuqonda ukuzinza komatshini we-transformer, kunokwenzeka ukuba kuphuculwe izixhumanisi zayo ezibuthathaka ngokusebenzisa iimvavanyo ezimfutshane zesiphaluka ukuqinisekisa ukuba amandla okwakhiwa kwe-transformer yenzelwe ngokuqinisekileyo.
(3) Sebenzisa ukhuseleko oluthembekileyo lwe-relay kunye nenkqubo yokuvala ngokuzenzekelayo. Ingozi ye-short-circuit kule nkqubo yingozi abantu abazama ukuyiphepha kodwa abanako ukuyiphepha ngokupheleleyo, ngakumbi umgca we-10KV kunokwenzeka ukuba ubangele ingozi ye-short-circuit ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakuhle, ukungena kwezilwanyana ezincinci, amandla angaphandle kunye noxanduva lomsebenzisi. Ngoko ke, kwi-transformer esetyenzisiweyo, kufuneka kuqala ixhotyiswe nge-DC ethembekileyo yonikezelo lwamandla kwinkqubo yokukhusela, kwaye iqinisekise ukuchaneka kwesenzo sokukhusela. Idityaniswe nemeko yangoku yokuba amandla angaphandle we-short-circuit ye-transformer ayisebenzi kakuhle, izinto ezingathandekiyo kufuneka zibonwe ukuvalwa ngokuzenzekelayo okanye ukunyanzeliswa kokugunyaziswa emva kwenkqubo yokukhubeka i-short-circuit, kungenjalo ngamanye amaxesha kuya kwandisa umonakalo i-transformer kwaye ilahlekelwe nethuba lokulungiswa kwakhona. . Okwangoku, amanye amasebe asebenzayo akurhoxisile ukusetyenziswa kokuvalwa kwemigca engaphezulu yendawo ekufutshane (efana ne-2km) okanye iintambo zentambo ngokweemeko ezinokwenzeka zokuba impazamo yesekethe emfutshane inokupheliswa ngokuzenzekelayo ngephanyazo, okanye yandiswe ngokufanelekileyo. isithuba phakathi kokuvalwa ukunciphisa iingxaki ezibangelwa kukusilela ukuvala kwakhona. Ingozi yohambo olufutshane kufuneka iqhutywe kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
(4) Ukuqhuba ngokusebenzayo uvavanyo lwe-deformation kunye nokuxilongwa kwe-transformer windings. Ngokuqhelekileyo, emva kokuba i-transformer ithintelwe yiphutha le-short-circuit current, i-winding iya kuphazamiseka ngokuyinxenye, kwaye nangona ingonakaliswa ngokukhawuleza, inokushiya inkathazo efihliweyo. Okokuqala, umgama we-insulation uya kutshintsha kwaye i-insulation eqinile iya konakaliswa, kubangele ukukhutshwa kwenxalenye. Xa udibana ne-overvoltage yombane, kuyenzeka ukuba kubekho i-inter-turn kunye ne-inter-cake breakdown, okukhokelela kwiingozi zokugquma ngequbuliso. Naphantsi kombane osebenzayo oqhelekileyo, iingozi zokuqhekeka kwe-insulation zinokubangelwa yimpembelelo yexesha elide yokukhutshwa kancinci.
Ngoko ke, ngokukhutheleyo ukuphumeza ukuxilongwa kwe-deformation ye-transformer ejikelezayo, ukukhangela ngexesha elifanelekileyo leenguqu eziphosakeleyo, kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwe-hood ecetywayo kunye nokugcinwa kunokugcina kuphela abasebenzi abaninzi kunye nezixhobo eziphathekayo, kodwa badlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthinteleni iingozi ze-transformer.
Ukusasazwa kweqanda kunye neepali zomsebenzi wogqithiselo H (jw) (oko kukuthi, uphawu lokuphendula rhoqo) lunxulumene ngokusondeleyo kumacandelo kunye neendlela zokudibanisa kuthungelwano lwezibuko ezimbini. Inani elikhulu leziphumo zophando zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba i-transformer windings idla ngokuba namanqaku e-resonance ngaphezulu kuluhlu lwamaza e-10KZ~1MHZ. Xa i-frequency iphantsi kwe-10KHZ, i-inductance ye-winding idlala indima enkulu, i-resonance point ngokuqhelekileyo ingaphantsi, kwaye iyancipha ukutshintshwa kwe-capacitance esasazwayo; xa i-frequency idlula i-1 MHZ, i-inductance ye-winding igqithwa yi-capacitance esasazwayo, kwaye indawo ye-resonance nayo iya kuncitshiswa ngokufanelekileyo, iyancipha uvakalelo kwiinguqu kwi-inductance, kwaye njengoko i-frequency inyuka, i-capacitance elahlekileyo ye-loop yovavanyo. (inkokeli) iya kuba nefuthe elibonakalayo kwiziphumo zovavanyo.
Ngenxa yokuba i-transformer winding deformation tester iyabiza kwaye ifuna umgangatho ophezulu wabasebenzi, akukho lula ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso kunye nokusebenza. Ngoko ke, kumsebenzi wokwenene, indlela yokugweba ukuba i-winging ikhubazekile ngokuhambelana nokutshintshwa kwe-transformer winding capacitance ingasetyenziswa njengesongezelelo esiluncedo kwindlela yokuphendula rhoqo. Ngokukodwa xa indlela yokuphendula ngokuphindaphindiweyo ayinayo imiqathango, imo yokusebenza ye-transformer winding inokubanjwa ngexesha ngokuthelekisa i-capacitance elinganisiweyo eqokelelweyo ngokuthe tye kwaye ngokuthe nkqo, ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuba nokwenzeka kweengozi kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo nozinzileyo. igridi yamandla.
(5) Ukuqinisa ukuhlolwa kulwakhiwo lwesiza kunye nokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa, kwaye usebenzise inkqubo ethembekileyo yokukhusela i-short-circuit. Xa ufaka i-transformer kwisayithi, ukwakhiwa kufuneka kuqhutywe ngokungqongqo ngokuhambelana nemiyalelo yomenzi kunye neenkcukacha, umgangatho kufuneka ulawulwe ngokungqongqo, kwaye amanyathelo ahambelanayo kufuneka athathwe ukuphelisa iingozi ezifihliweyo ezifunyenweyo. Abasebenzi bokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kufuneka bomeleze ukuhlolwa kunye nokugcinwa kunye nokulawulwa kwewaranti ye-transformer ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-transformer ikwimeko efanelekileyo yokusebenza, kwaye ithathe amanyathelo ahambelanayo okunciphisa amathuba okuba neempazamo zesekethe ezimfutshane kwindawo yokuphuma kunye neendawo ezikufutshane. Ukuze ugweme iphoso le-short-circuit yenkqubo kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kuba ii-transformers ezifakwe ekusebenzeni, okokuqala zixhobise inkqubo ye-DC ethembekileyo yenkqubo yokukhusela ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwesenzo sokukhusela; Itekhnoloji yovavanyo lwendlela yokuphendula rhoqo ilinganisa imeko ye-transformer emva kokuchatshazelwa kukuhamba kwesekethe emfutshane, kwaye ijonga ngenjongo i-hood ngokweziphumo zovavanyo, ezinokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukwenzeka kweengozi ezinkulu.
Ingaba i-transformer inokumelana nemisinga eyahlukeneyo ye-short-circuit ikakhulukazi ixhomekeke kuyilo lwesakhiwo kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa i-transformer, kwaye inobudlelwane obukhulu kunye nolawulo lokusebenza, iimeko zokusebenza kunye nenqanaba lobuchwepheshe bokwakha. Ingozi ye-transformer-short-circuit iyingozi kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwegridi yamandla. Ukuze ugweme iingozi, amanyathelo okulawula asebenzayo kufuneka athathwe kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo kunye nokuzinza kwee-transformers kunye neenkqubo zegridi zamandla.
