UCanwin yiNkampani yeNkampani yoTshintsho lwaMandla kunye noMvelisi woMbane woMbane
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UCanwin yiNkampani yeNkampani yoTshintsho lwaMandla kunye noMvelisi woMbane woMbane
Ukujongana ne-transformer yengozi yesiphaluka esifutshane ekusebenzeni kwansuku zonke, kuyimfuneko ukufumanisa undoqo wengxaki ngokuhlola kunye nokuvavanya. Xa i-transformer inengxaki yesekethe emfutshane ngequbuliso, amacala aphezulu kunye naphantsi kwamandla ombane aya kuxhomekeka kumbane omkhulu okhoyo. Ngexesha elifutshane xa i-breaker circuit ingenalo ixesha lokuqhawula, umbane owenziwe ngumbane wesiphaluka omfutshane, ohambelana nesikwere sangoku, uya kusebenza kwi-transformer winding. La mandla ombane anokwahlulwa abe ngamandla eradial kunye ne-axial force. Kwimeko yesekethe emfutshane, amandla eradial asebenza ekujikeni aya kwenza ukujija kwe-HV kuxhomekeke kuxinzelelo kunye nokujika kwe-LV phantsi koxinzelelo. Ekubeni i-winging yisetyhula, into ejikelezayo ikhubazeka ngokulula phantsi koxinzelelo kunokuba iphantsi koxinzelelo, ngoko ke i-low-voltage winding ikhubazeka ngokulula. Amandla e-axial eveliswe kwimeko yesekethe emfutshane ngequbuliso icinezela ukujikajika kwaye ibangele ukufuduka kwe-axial yee-windings zombane ophezulu kunye nophantsi. I-axial force iphinda isebenze kwi-iron core kunye ne-clamps. Ngoko ke, xa i-transformer ihlupheka ngenxa yesiphaluka esifutshane, i-low-voltage winding kunye ne-balance winding inokwenzeka ukuba ikhubazeke, ilandelwa yi-high-voltage winding, i-iron core kunye ne-clamp. Ukongeza ekujongeni i-windings eziphambili, iintsimbi zentsimbi, ii-clamps kunye nezinye iindawo emva kwengozi ye-transformer ye-short-circuit, uthotho lweengxaki ezinxulumene nazo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngexesha lenkqubo yokuphatha:
■ Uhlolo novavanyo lokujija
Xa i-transformer ifutshane, phantsi kwesenzo samandla e-electrodynamic, ukujija kuxhomekeke kwangaxeshanye phantsi koxinzelelo, ukuxinana, ukugoba kunye neminye imikhosi, okubangela ukufihla okunamandla kwesiphoso, ekungekho lula ukujonga nokulungisa, ngoko ke kufuneka ihlolwe emva kwempazamo yesiphaluka esifutshane.
■ Umlinganiselo wokumelana ne-DC ye-transformer
Ngokwexabiso elilinganisiweyo lokuxhathisa kwe-DC ye-transformer, izinga lokungalingani kwe-DC ukuxhathisa kwe-winging ihlolwe kwaye ithelekiswa nexabiso elilinganisiweyo langaphambili, elinokuthi liphande ngokufanelekileyo umonakalo we-transformer winding. Ngokomzekelo, emva kwengozi yesiphaluka esifutshane se-transformer, ukuchasana kwe-DC kwicala le-C kwicala lombane ophantsi kunyuke malunga ne-10%, ngoko ke kwagwetywa ukuba kunokubakho imicu emitsha ekujikelezeni. Ekugqibeleni, ujiko lwaphakanyiswa ukuze luhlolwe, kwaye kwafunyaniswa ukuba intambo enye yesigaba C yaphukile.
■ Umlinganiselo wesakhono sokujija isiguquli
I-capacitance ye-winging iqulethwe ukujika ukujika, i-lale to layer kunye nekhekhe kwi-capacitance yekhekhe kunye ne-winging capacitance. Le capacitance inxulumene umsantsa phakathi windings kunye nentsimbi core kunye nomhlaba, umsantsa phakathi windings kunye nentsimbi core, umsantsa phakathi windings, umsantsa phakathi umaleko kunye umsantsa phakathi iikeyiki. Xa ujiko lukhubazekile, lugobe ngokubanzi kwimilo ethi "S", ekhokelela kumgama omncinci womsantsa phakathi kokujija kunye nombindi wentsimbi, kunye nesakhono esikhulu sokujikela emhlabeni. Incinci i-gap, inkulu i-capacitance change. Ngoko ke, i-capacitance ye-winging ingabonakalisa ngokungathanga ngqo iqondo lokuguqulwa kokuguquka.
■ Ukuhlolwa emva kokuphakamisa isiciko
Emva kokuxhoma isigqubuthelo se-transformer, ukuba kufunyenwe ukuba kukho i-slag yobhedu etyhidiweyo, i-aluminium slag okanye iziqwenga zephepha le-cable high-density ngaphakathi kwe-transformer, kunokugwetywa ukuba i-winding iye yafumana i-deformation enkulu kunye nokuphuka kwe-strand. . Ukongeza, idigri yomonakalo we-winding inokugwetywa kwakhona ukusuka ekugxothweni kunye nokuwa kwebhloko ye-cushion block, indawo yeplate yokucinezela, ukufuduswa kwepini yokucinezela, njl.
■ Ukuhlolwa kombindi wentsimbi kunye nebamba
Intsimbi yentsimbi ye-transformer iya kuba namandla aneleyo omatshini, aqinisekiswa ngamandla azo zonke iziqwenga zokubopha kwintsimbi yentsimbi kunye nezixhumi zazo. Xa i-winding isenza amandla ombane, amandla e-axial of the winding aya kulungiswa yi-reaction force ye-clamp. Ukuba amandla e-clamp kunye nepleyiti yokutsala angaphantsi kwamandla e-axial, i-clamp, ipleyiti yokutsala kunye nokujika kuya konakala. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukujonga ngononophelo imeko yentsimbi, i-clamp, ipleyiti yokutsala kunye nezihlanganisi zayo, kwaye ukhangele le miqathango ilandelayo:
① Jonga ukuba itshiphu yedyokhwe kumbindi wentsimbi iyehla inyuka.
② Ukumelana nokugquma phakathi kwesikrufu esingundoqo sokugqojozwa kunye nombindi wentsimbi kuyakulinganiswa, ijacket engundoqo yokugqobhoza isikrufu iya kukhangelwa umonakalo, kwaye ipleyiti yokutsala kunye nesixhumi sepleyiti yokutsalwa iya kukhangelwa umonakalo.
③ Xa i-transformer imfutshane, kunokubakho ukufuduka phakathi kwepleyiti ecinezelayo kunye neqhekeza elibambezelayo, elinokubangela ukuba udibaniso olusezantsi lwepleyiti yocinezelo kunye nejoka yentsimbi kwiphini lokucinezela ukuba itsalwe okanye itshiswe yi-overcurrent. Ngako oko, kwiplani yokucoca i-winding, ngaphezu kokukhangela umonakalo we-pin kunye ne-plate plate, khangela ukuba uxhulumaniso lokumisa phakathi kwe-winging kunye ne-pin kunye nejoka eliphezulu lithembekile.
■ Uhlalutyo lwe-oyile ye-transformer kunye negesi
Emva kokuba i-transformer ihlupheke impembelelo yesiphaluka esifutshane, isixa esikhulu segesi sinokuqokelela kwi-relay yegesi. Ngoko ke, emva kwengozi ye-transformer, igesi kwi-gas relay kunye neoli kwi-transformer ingathathwa ukuhlalutya kweekhemikhali ukugweba uhlobo lwengozi.
■ Imiba efuna ingqwalasela ekuphatheni impazamo ye-transformer short circuit
(1) Qinisekisa ukusebenza kweendawo zokugquma xa utshintsha iindawo zokugquma
Ngethuba lokunyanga, ukusebenza kweendawo zokukhusela ezitshintshiweyo ziya kuvavanywa, kwaye zingasetyenziselwa kuphela emva kokuhlangabezana neemfuno. Ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo iya kuhlawulwa kwi-insulation ye-wood block of support lead. Ibhloko yokhuni iya kufakwa kwi-oyile ye-thermal transformer malunga ne-80 ℃ ixesha elithile phambi kofakelo ukuqinisekisa ukugquma kwebhloko yomthi.
(2) Uvavanyo lokugquma i-transformer luya kwenziwa emva kokuba i-oyile igcwaliswe nge-oyile kwaye isahlala iiyure ezingama-24
Njengoko ezinye iindawo zokugquma ezimanzi ziya kusasazeka kwindawo yokugquma emva kokucwiliswa kwioyile eshushu ixesha elide, iziphene zokugquma azikwazi ukubonwa emva kokutofa kweoyile. Umzekelo, ibhloko yeplanga yenkxaso ye-10 kV copper bar yatshintshwa kwicala lamandla ombane aphantsi we-31.5 MVA 110 kV transformer ngexesha lonyango. Emva kokuba i-transformer izaliswe ngeoli, zonke iimvavanyo zaziqhelekileyo. I-insulation resistance ye-10 kV icala le-voltage ephantsi ukuya kwi-iron core, i-clamp kunye nomhlaba yancitshiswa malunga ne-1 M Ω. Emva kokuhlolwa kwekhava yokuxhoma, kwafunyaniswa ukuba i-insulation ye-block support wood block ye-10kV copper bar yayiphantsi kakhulu. Ngoko ke, uvavanyo lwe-insulation luya kwenziwa ngokuthembekileyo kwiiyure ezingama-24 emva kokuba i-transformer isagcwele ioli.
(3) Ingqalelo iya kuhlawulwa kwiimbombo ezibukhali zentsimbi yentsimbi ngexesha lokudibanisa kwakhona
Xa ufaka umqolo wentsimbi umva edyokhweni, nikela ingqalelo kwikona ebukhali yentsimbi engundoqo, kwaye ulinganise kwangexesha ukugquma phakathi kwemibhobho yeoli, ngakumbi ikona ebukhali yetshiphu kumbhobho weoyile, ukunqanda umbindi wentsimbi. isiseko seendawo ezininzi ngenxa yokudibanisa itshiphu. Umzekelo, kwi-220kV transformer ene-120MVA, xa utshintshela i-winging kwicala eliphantsi-voltage kwaye uphinde ubuyisele idyokhwe, ukugquma phakathi kweendlela ze-oyile kulinganiswe ukuba yi-0 emva kofakelo ngenxa yokuba ikona ebukhali ye-chip ayizange ibonwe ngexesha lokufakwa kwakhona kwaye ukugquma phakathi kwemijelo yeoli akuzange kulinganiswe ngexesha. Kwathatha ixesha elide ukufumanisa ukuba umjelo weoyile wafinyezwa kwikona ebukhali ye-chip.
(4) Faka indawo yesixhobo sokujija ngokuxhathisa olomeleleyo kwi-short-circuit
Amandla omatshini wokuphuculwa kwesakhiwo sokujija isiguquli simiselwa ikakhulu ngale miba mibini ilandelayo:
① Okokuqala, amandla omatshini wokujija amiselwa yimiba yesakhiwo sayo;
② Okwesibini ngamandla omatshini agqitywe yinkxaso kwicala langaphakathi le-diameter ye-winging, i-axial compression structure ye-winding, kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa iipleyiti zokutsala kunye ne-clamps. Okwangoku, abavelisi abaninzi be-transformer basebenzisa i-semi hard wire copper okanye i-self-adhesive transposed conductor ukuphucula i-anti-short circuit capability ye-winging ngokwayo, sebenzisa i-cylinder yekhadibhodi enomgangatho ongcono okanye ukwandisa inani le-braces ukuphucula ukukwazi ukugoqa ukuze umelane. amandla eradial, kunye nokusebenzisa iipleyiti zokutsala okanye izikhonkwane zasentwasahlobo ukuphucula isakhono seqela elijikajikayo ukumelana namandla e-axial.
Njengoko isebe lobuchwephesha lomenzi we-transformer yamandla, ngexesha lokubonakaliswa kobugcisa ngaphambi kokusayinwa kwenkontileka yokuthengisa i-transformer kunye nokutshintshwa kwe-transformer winding, i-anti-short circuit capability of the winding kufuneka iphandwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye ihlawulwe ngokwaneleyo.
(5) Ukomisa i-transformer
Ekubeni i-transformer kufuneka ihlaziywe ixesha elide emva kokuchatshazelwa yisiphaluka esifutshane, amanyathelo amabini anokuthathwa ukukhusela i-transformer ekubeni ifume:
① Okokuqala, ngaphambi kokuphela komsebenzi wosuku ngalunye, i-transformer iya kugqunywa, kwaye impompo yokucoca iya kusetyenziselwa ukucoca i-transformer ukususa amanzi asimahla kumphezulu womzimba we-transformer. Xa umsebenzi uqalisa ngosuku olulandelayo, initrogen eyomileyo okanye umoya owomileyo iya kusetyenziswa ukususa ivacuum. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-transformer inokufakwa ngokuthe ngqo ekusebenzeni emva kweeyure ze-24 zokujikeleza kweoli eshushu emva kokugcinwa.
② Okwesibini, emva kokugqitywa komsebenzi yonke imihla, imilinganiselo yobungqina bemvula iya kuthathwa kwi-transformer. Emva kokuba umsebenzi ugqityiwe, i-transformer iya komiswa ngendlela yokutshiza ioli eshushu, ethatha ngokubanzi iintsuku ezi-7 ukuya kwezi-10.
(6) Ezinye izilumkiso
Emva kokuba i-transformer inengozi yesiphaluka esifutshane, ngaphezu kokuvavanya i-transformer ngokwezinto eziqhelekileyo, uhlobo lwesiphoso luya kugwetywa kwaye luhlalutywe ngokudibanisa iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-oyile ye-transformer, i-gas relay gas, i-winding DC resistance, i-winding capacitance kunye ukulinganisa ukuguqulwa kwe-winding, kunye nokuguqulwa kwee-windings, ukufuduka kunye nokukhululeka kweentsimbi zetsimbi kunye ne-clamps ziya kujongwa, kwaye ke isikimu sonyango kunye nemilinganiselo yokukhusela iya kugqitywa kwi-transformer. Xa ujiko kufuneka utshintshwe ngenxa deformation ezimandundu okubangelwa transformer kwingozi yesekethe elifutshane, ingqalelo iya kuhlawulwa ukudibana kwakhona chips core yentsimbi, ukomiswa zonke iindawo insulating, unyango ioli transformer kunye ukomisa jikelele isiguquli.
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