UCanwin yiNkampani yeNkampani yoTshintsho lwaMandla kunye noMvelisi woMbane woMbane
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UCanwin yiNkampani yeNkampani yoTshintsho lwaMandla kunye noMvelisi woMbane woMbane
Ukusebenza okufanayo kwee-transformers kuthetha ukuba i-winding ephambili yee-transformers ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu zixhunyiwe ngokuhambelana kwi-busbar ye-voltage efanayo, kwaye i-windings yesibini ixhunyiwe ngokuhambelana kwi-busbar yomnye umbane.
Intsingiselo yalo kukuba: xa enye i-transformer ihluleka, ezinye ii-transformers ezisebenza ngokufanayo zisengaqhubeka nokusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwabasebenzisi abalulekileyo; okanye xa i-transformer idinga ukulungiswa, i-transformer yokulinda inokudibaniswa ngokufanayo, kwaye emva koko i-transformer iya kulungiswa ikhutshwe kwaye ilungiswe. , okungenakuqinisekisa kuphela ukugcinwa okucwangcisiweyo kwe-transformer, kodwa kwakhona ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukunikezelwa kombane akuphazamiseki kwaye kuphuculwe ukuthembeka kokunikezelwa kwamandla.
Ukongeza, ngenxa yexesha eliqinileyo lomthwalo wombane, ezinye iiguquli zinokurhoxiswa ekusebenzeni ngexesha lomthwalo wokukhanya, ezinokuthi zinciphise kuphela ilahleko yokungabikho komthwalo we-transformer, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, kodwa nokunciphisa ukuvuseleleka okusebenzayo. okwangoku, ukuphucula amandla ombane wegridi, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwegridi yamandla. inkqubo yoqoqosho.
Ngoko ke zithini iimfuno zokusebenza ngokuhambelana kwee-transformers? Lo ngumbuzo oxhaphake kakhulu. Okokuqala, makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi iimfuno ze-juxtaposition ye-transformers, kwaye emva koko sixoxe ngeemeko ze-juxtaposition.
(1) Ngokubanzi, bona umfanekiso ongezantsi:
Kulo mfanekiso, sibona ii-transformer ezimbini, ezibhalwe T1 kunye ne-T2.
Indlela yokubuyisela inkqubo:
Kumsebenzi wokwenyani, iibhasi ezimbini zinikwa amandla ngabaguquli bazo.
Ngenxa yoko, zombini i-circuit breakers engenayo i-QF1 kunye ne-QF2 ivaliwe, ngelixa i-bus tie breaker QF3 yecandelo elilodwa lebhasi livuliwe; ukuba kukho ingxaki kwi-transformer okanye icala eliphakathi kwamandla ombane womgca othile ongenayo, njenge-voltage sag enzima (i-undervoltage okanye ilahleko yombane) okanye ukusilela, isaphuli somgca ongenayo weli candelo uyavulwa, kwaye emva koko i-bus tie breaker QF3 ivaliwe; xa inkqubo ibuyiselwe, kukho iindlela ezimbini zokubuyisela:
Indlela yokubuyisela 1: Vula i-bus tie breaker QF3, uze uvale i-breaker circuit ehambelanayo. Le ndlela ilula, kodwa emva komthwalo ebhasini, njengemoto, kufuneka iqaliswe kwakhona emva kokungaphumeleli kwamandla.
Indlela yokubuyisela i-2: okokuqala vala i-breaker circuit breaker ehambelanayo, emva koko i-transformers iqhube ngokuhambelanayo, kwaye emva koko uvule i-bus tie breaker. Le ndlela intsonkothe ngakumbi, kodwa umthwalo awudingi kudlula ukusilela kwamandla okwesibini ukuze uqalise kwakhona.
Makhe sijonge iimeko zokuba ii-transformers zidibanise:
Okokuqala: iimeko ze-transformer ngokwayo
Kubandakanya: indlela yokufaka i-wiring ye-transformer ifana nomlinganiselo wokuguqulwa, i-voltage ye-impedance ye-transformer iyafana, kwaye i-voltage yesibini ye-transformer iyafana.
Okwesibini: iimeko zomgca
Kubandakanya: icala lombane ophakathi kufuneka liphume kuthungelwano losasazo olufanayo, isigaba sazo, i-engile yesigaba sokuqala kunye nefrequency ziyafana, kwaye i-voltage amplitude iyafana. Ngexesha elifanayo, icala eliphakathi kwe-voltage kufuneka likwazi ukujamelana nokutshitshiswa kwamandla okuqala kwecala eliphantsi kwe-voltage.
(2) Xa inkqubo ixhotyiswe ngejenereyitha, makhe sijonge lo mfanekiso ulandelayo:
Lo mzobo unzima ngakumbi kunoMzobo 1. Kukho i-generator yokuzimela emfanekisweni, kwaye i-breaker circuit ye-generator kunye ne-breaker circuit breaker of the mains inobudlelwane obudibeneyo kunye nobudlelwane botyalo-mali.
Ngenxa yobunzima bobudlelwane bokuphosa ngaphandle, kwi-ABB, i-PLC ihlala isetyenziselwa ukwakha ingqiqo yokuphosa. Makhe sichaze ngokufutshane:
I-1) Ngethuba lokusebenza okuqhelekileyo, i-tie yebhasi ivuliwe, kwaye imigca engenayo yecandelo ngalinye ivaliwe.
2) Ukuba umbane oyintloko wecandelo elithile awuphumeleli, vula umgca ongenayo weli candelo, uze uvale intambo yebhasi.
3) Xa impazamo isusiwe kwaye ibuyiselwe, inkqubo iya kubuyiselwa ngeendlela ezimbini: i-parallel and non-parallel transformers. Iimeko ezihambelanayo zeTransformer ziyafana nezingasentla.
4) Ukuba ukungaphumeleli kwecandelo elithile lonikezelo lwamandla ombane liyasilela ukubuyisela, kwaye elinye icandelo lonikezelo lwamandla ombane liyasilela kwakhona, okanye amacandelo amabini ombane oyintloko angaphumeleli ngexesha elinye, inkqubo iya kuqalisa i-generator. Ngokuxhomekeke ekusebenzeni kokuqala kwejeneretha, kuchongwa ukuba i-tie yebhasi ifakwe ekusebenzeni.
5) Xa iinqununu zibuyiselwa, kukho iindlela ezimbini zokujongana nayo: indlela yokuqala iboniswe kuMzobo 2, umgca ongenayo ongenayo kunye nomgca we-generator ongenayo udibeneyo, kwaye icala elinye livunyelwe ukuba livalwe. Ngeli xesha, vula umgca we-generator engenayo, uze uvale umgca ongenayo ongundoqo; indlela yesibini ayinabudlelwane obudibeneyo phakathi komgca ongenayo ongundoqo kunye nomgca we-generator engenayo. Emva kokuba i-mains ibuyiselwe, phantsi kwesikhokelo senkqubo, i-generator i-quasi-synchronized kunye ne-mains, kwaye emva koko umgca ongenayo ongenayo uvaliwe, kwaye emva koko i-generator ikhutshwe.
Indlela yesibini inokuthintela umthwalo ukuba uqalise kwakhona emva kokusilela kwamandla okwesibini. Siyabona ukuba imeko ye-parallel transformers iyafana nemeko eqhelekileyo.
(3) Ukusebenza okufanayo kwee-transformers xa umthamo womthwalo we-transformer eyodwa ungonelanga
Iimeko ezihambelanayo zeTransformer ziyafana nangaphambili. Ngaphantsi kwalo mqathango, emva kokuba i-short-circuit yenzeke kwicala lomthwalo, ixabiso langoku le-short-circuit langoku kufuneka liphindwe ngenani labaguquli ngokufanayo. Masijonge lo mfanekiso ungezantsi:
Kulo mzobo, imigca emibini engenayo kunye nebhasi yebhasi ivaliwe, kwaye i-transformers T1 kunye ne-T2 zisebenza ngokufanayo.
Xa umthwalo wecandelo lebhasi lifutshane, zombini ii-transformers zifaka isandla kwi-short-circuit current kwi-short-circuit point, ngoko ke i-short-circuit current kumthwalo ilingana nokuphindwe kabini i-short-circuit current ye-transformer enye.
Ngoko ke, imiqathango yokusebenza ngokuhambelanayo kwee-transformers yilezi: amandla okuqhawula i-feeder circuit breaker kwicandelo ngalinye lebhasi kufuneka ibe kabini i-breaker circuit breaker. Ukuba oku akwenziwanga, abaguquli abavumelekanga ukuba basebenze ngokufanayo.
Kuchazwe kwinkcazo yokuba ukusebenza ngokuhambelanayo kwee-transformers ngexesha elifutshane lokutshintsha ukusebenza, amandla okuqhawula umgca wecala lomthwalo wesiphaluka unokukhethwa phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo ngaphandle kokuphindaphinda kabini.
(4) Izinto eziluncedo kunye neenjongo zokusebenza okufanayo kwee-transformers
Ukuphucula uqoqosho lomsebenzi we-transformer. Xa umthwalo unyuka ukuya kwindawo apho umthamo we-transformer enye ayanele, i-transformer yesibini ingafakwa ngokufanayo, kwaye xa umthwalo uyancipha ukuya kwindawo apho ii-transformers ezimbini zingafuneki ukuba zinikeze amandla ngexesha elifanayo, i-transformer enye inokuthathwa ingasebenzi.
Ngokukodwa kwimimandla yasemaphandleni, iimpawu zokusetyenziswa kombane zonyaka ziyabonakala, kwaye ukusebenza okufanayo kwee-transformers kunokutshintshwa ngokobungakanani bomthwalo wombane. Ngale ndlela, ukulahlekelwa kwe-transformer ngokwayo kungancitshiswa kwaye injongo yokusebenza kwezoqoqosho inokufezekiswa.
Ukuphucula ukuthembeka konikezelo lwamandla. Xa enye ye-transformers esebenza ngokuhambelanayo yonakalisiwe, nje ukuba ikhutshwe ngokukhawuleza kwigridi, enye okanye i-transformers ezimbini zisengakwazi ukubonelela amandla ngokuqhelekileyo; xa i-transformer ilungiswa, ayiyi kuchaphazela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwabanye abaguquli, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa iimpazamo kunye nomonakalo. Umda kunye nokuphindaphinda kokucima kwamandla ngexesha lokugcinwa kunokuphucula ukuthembeka kokunikezelwa kwamandla.
Yonga umbane, qaphela ukonga umbane kwaye wandise ukusebenza kakuhle. Umzekelo, isikhululo esincinci sixhotyiswe ngeetransformer ezimbini ze-4000kVA kunye ne-3150kVA. Emva kokubala iimeko zokusebenza zeenguqu ezimbini, emva konyaka omnye wokusebenza okufanayo, ukugcinwa kwamandla yi-102,000 Kwh, umphumo wokulondoloza amandla ubonakala kakhulu, kwaye utyalo-mali lwenkunzi luyancipha.
