ICanwin iyiNkampani Yokuguqula Amandla Kagesi & Umkhiqizi Wesiguquli Kagesi
Ulimi
ICanwin iyiNkampani Yokuguqula Amandla Kagesi & Umkhiqizi Wesiguquli Kagesi
1.Kungani umnyombo we-transformer kufanele ubekwe phansi?
2.Kungani ama-transformer asebenzisa amashidi ensimbi ye-silicon njengama-cores?
3.Iyini ububanzi bokuvikela igesi?
4.Yimuphi umehluko phakathi komehluko omkhulu we-transformer kanye nokuvikelwa kwegesi?
5.Indlela yokubhekana nephutha le-cooler ye-transformer eyinhloko?
Okufanele ukwazi okwengeziwe, bheka ngezansi
01
Kungani umnyombo we-transformer kufanele ubekwe phansi?
Ekusebenzeni okuvamile kwe-transformer yamandla, umgogodla wensimbi kufanele usekelwe ngokuvikelekile. Uma isisekelo singekho, i-voltage yokumiswa yenkango yensimbi phansi izobangela ukuwohloka kwezikhawu kanye nokudedelwa kwe-iron core phansi, futhi nethuba lokwenza amandla okulengiswa kwensimbi core aqedwe ngemva kokuba umgogodla wensimbi usuphelile. isisekelo. Kodwa-ke, lapho umgogodla usekelwe endaweni engaphezu kwamaphoyinti amabili, amandla angalingani phakathi kwama-cores azokwenza ukujikeleza phakathi kwamaphoyinti aphansi futhi abangele iphutha lokushisa okuphansi kwe-multi-point of the core.
Iphutha lomhlabathi le-iron core ye-transformer lizobangela ukushisa kwendawo ye-iron core. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, izinga lokushisa lasendaweni le-iron core lizokhuphuka, isenzo segesi esincane, ngisho nengozi yohambo yesenzo segesi esindayo izobangelwa. Iphutha le-short-circuit phakathi kwama-chips ensimbi lakhiwe yi-iron core eshisiwe, okwandisa ukulahlekelwa kwensimbi futhi kuthinte kakhulu ukusebenza nokusebenza okujwayelekile kwe-transformer, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukufaka esikhundleni seshidi le-iron core silicon ukuze lilungiswe. . Ngakho-ke ama-transformer awakuvumeli ukusekela amaphuzu amaningi kanye nephuzu elilodwa kuphela eliphansi.
02
Kungani ama-transformer esebenzisa amashidi ensimbi ye-silicon njengama-cores?
I-transformer core evamile ngokuvamile yenziwe nge-silicon steel sheet. I-Silicon steel iwuhlobo lwe-silicon (i-silicon eyaziwa nangokuthi i-silicon) yensimbi, okuqukethwe kwayo kwe-silicon ku-0.8 ~ 4.8 %. Umnyombo we-transformer wenziwe ngensimbi ye-silicon, ngoba insimbi ye-silicon ngokwayo iyinto yamagnetic ene-conductivity magnetic enamandla. Ku-coil enikwe amandla, ingakhiqiza amandla amakhulu okungeniswa kwamagnetic, ukuze umthamo we-transformer ungancishiswa.
Njengoba sazi, i-transformer yangempela isebenza ngaso sonke isikhathi esimweni se-ac, futhi ukulahlekelwa kwamandla akukhona nje ukumelana nekhoyili, kodwa futhi ku-iron core magnetized yi-current alternating. Ukulahlekelwa kwamandla ku-iron core ngokuvamile kubizwa ngokuthi "i-iron loss". Ukulahleka kwe-ayoni kubangelwa yizizathu ezimbili, esinye "ukulahlekelwa yi-hysteresis" kanti esinye "ukulahlekelwa kwe-eddy yamanje".
Ukulahlekelwa kwe-Hysteresis ukulahlekelwa kwensimbi okubangelwa i-hysteresis phenomenon enqubweni ye-magnetization ye-iron core. Ubukhulu balokhu kulahlekelwa bulingana nendawo ezungezwe iluphu ye-hysteresis yezinto. I-hysteresis loop yensimbi ye-silicon incane, futhi ukulahlekelwa kwe-hysteresis yensimbi esetshenziswa njenge-transformer kuncane, okunganciphisa kakhulu izinga layo lokushisa.
Njengoba insimbi ye-silicon inezinzuzo ezingenhla, kungani ungasebenzisi yonke insimbi ye-silicon njengomongo, kodwa futhi uyicubungule ibe amashidi?
Lokho kungenxa yokuthi i-flake core inciphisa olunye uhlobo lokulahlekelwa kwensimbi olubizwa ngokuthi ukulahlekelwa kwamanje kwe-eddy. Ukusebenza kwe-Transformer, kukhona ukushintshwa kwamanje kukhoyili, ikhiqiza i-flux magnetic ngokuqinisekile iyashintshana. Lokhu kuguquguquka okuguquguqukayo kudala i-current induction in the iron core. I-current induced ekhiqizwa kumongo wensimbi izungeza endizeni ibheke ngakumagnetic flux, ngakho ibizwa nge-eddy current. Ukulahlekelwa kwamanje kwe-Eddy nakho kushisa umnyombo. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukulahlekelwa kwamanje kwe-eddy, insimbi ye-transformer ihlanganiswe namashidi ensimbi e-silicon ahlanganiswe komunye nomunye, ukuze i-eddy current idlule engxenyeni encane kumjikelezo omude futhi omncane ukwandisa ukumelana endleleni yamanje ye-eddy. . Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-silicon ensimbi ye-silicon yandisa ukumelana kwezinto, futhi idlala indima ekunciphiseni i-eddy current.
Ngomgogodla wensimbi osetshenziswa njenge-transformer, kusetshenziswa ishidi le-silicone eliqinile elingu-0.35mm eliwugqinsi. Ngokusho kobukhulu bensimbi edingekayo, inqunywa ibe amashidi amade bese ihlanganiswa "ilanga" noma isimo "somlomo". Eqinisweni, ukuze kuncishiswe i-eddy current, uma ishidi lensimbi ye-silicon liba mncane, umugqa wokuhlanganisa uba mncane, futhi umphumela uba ngcono. Lokhu akugcini nje ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamanje kwe-eddy kanye nokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa, kodwa futhi kusindisa impahla ye-silicon steel sheet. Kodwa empeleni lapho wenza i-silicon steel sheet iron core. Hhayi kuphela ezinzuzweni ezibalulwe ngenhla, ukwenza umongo kuzodinga ukwanda okukhulu kwamahora omuntu kanye nokuncipha kwengxenye esebenzayo yesiphambano somgogodla. Ngakho-ke, lapho senza i-transformer core nge-silicon steel sheet, kufanele siqale esimweni esithile, silinganise izinzuzo nezinkinga, futhi sikhethe usayizi ongcono kakhulu.
03
Iyini ububanzi bokuvikela igesi?
1) Isifunda esifushane se-Multiphase ngaphakathi kwe-transformer.
2) Isekhethi emfushane phakathi kokujika, i-short-circuit phakathi kwe-winding ne-iron core noma igobolondo.
3) Ukuhluleka kwe-iron core.
4) Amafutha ngaphansi kwamanzi noma ukuvuza kwamafutha.
I-5) Ukuthintana kabi kwe-tap switch noma ukushiselwa kocingo akuqinile.
04
Uyini umehluko phakathi komehluko omkhulu we-transformer kanye nokuvikelwa kwegesi?
I-1, isivikelo esiyinhloko se-transformer differential siklanyelwe futhi senziwa ngokuvumelana nesimiso sokujikeleza kwamanje, futhi ukuvikelwa kwegesi kuklanyelwe futhi kwenziwa ngokuvumelana nezici zegesi elakhiwe noma elibolile lapho ukwehluleka kwangaphakathi kwe-transformer.
2. Ukuvikelwa okuhlukile kuyisivikelo esiyinhloko se-transformer, futhi ukuvikelwa kwegesi kuyisivikelo esiyinhloko sephutha langaphakathi le-transformer.
3, ngokuya ngobubanzi obuhlukene bokuvikela:
Ukuvikelwa okuhlukile:
1) Ulayini wokuhola we-transformer oyinhloko kanye nekhoyili ye-transformer ine-multiphase short circuit.
2) isifunda esifushane esiphakathi kwesigaba esisodwa esibalulekile.
3) Iphutha eliphansi lekhoyili yokuvikela kanye nentambo yomthofu ohlelweni lwamanje lokuphansi oluphakeme.
B Ukuvikelwa kwegesi:
1) Transformer yangaphakathi multiphase isifunda esifushane.
2) inter-turn short circuit, inter-turn and core noma ngaphandle kanye ne-short circuit.
3) Ukuhluleka kwe-iron core (ukushisa nokulahlekelwa ukushisa).
4) Amafutha ngaphansi kwamanzi noma ukuvuza kwamafutha.
5) Ukuthintana kabi komshini kampompi noma ukushisela okungalungile kocingo.
05
Ungabhekana kanjani nephutha le-cooler ye-transformer eyinhloko?
1. Lapho ukunikezwa kwamandla okusebenzayo kwezingxenye ze-I kanye ne-II ze-cooler kulahleka, isignali ye-"#1, #2 yokuhluleka kwamandla" izothunyelwa ngaphandle. I-cooler ye-transformer eyinhloko izoma futhi umjikelezo wohambo uxhumekile.
2. Uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka ukushintsha ukunikezwa kwamandla esigabeni I no-II ngesikhathi sokusebenza, "cooler all stops" kuyakhanyiswa, bese kuba i-cooler ye-transformer eyinhloko zonke izitobhi kanye nesifunda sohambo sixhunyiwe. Isethi yokuvikela izobikwa ngokushesha ekuthunyelweni nasekukhutshazweni, futhi ukushintsha okwenziwa ngesandla kuzokwenziwa ngokushesha.
3. Uma enye yamasekhethi apholile ihluleka, hlukanisa i-cooler circuit engalungile.
06
Iyini imiphumela yokusebenza okufanayo kwama-transformers angahlangabezani nemibandela yokusebenza okufanayo?
Lapho isilinganiso esiguquguqukayo singafani nokusebenza okufanayo, kuzoba nokujikeleza, okuthinta ukuphuma kwe-transformer, uma i-impedance yephesenti ingahambisani nokusebenza okufanayo, ayikwazi ukusabalalisa umthwalo ngokuya ngenani lomthamo we-transformer. i-transformer, kodwa futhi ithinta ukuphuma kwe-transformer. Lapho amaqembu e-wiring engafani futhi egijima ngokufana, i-transformer izoba yisifunda esifushane.
07
Yini ebangela umsindo ongavamile we-transformer?
1) phezu komthwalo;
I-2) Ukuxhumana okungalungile kwangaphakathi, ukuthuthwa kokukhishwa;
3) Ezinye izingxenye zixega;
4) Kukhona isisekelo noma isifunda esifushane ohlelweni;
5) Ukuqala kwenjini enkulu kubangela izinguquko ezinkulu zomthwalo.
08
Kunini lapho i-tap switch yesilawuli se-voltage elayishiwe ye-transformer ingavunyelwe ukulungiswa?
1) Ukusebenza kwe-Transformer overload (ngaphandle kwamacala akhethekile)
2) Uma isivikelo segesi esincane sedivayisi elawula ingcindezi ekulayishweni kuvame ukuvela isignali.
3) lapho uwoyela engekho kuphawu lwamafutha wedivayisi yokulawula ingcindezi ekulayishweni.
4) Lapho inani lokucindezela okulawula lidlula inombolo eshiwo.
5) Ukwenzeka okungavamile kwedivayisi elawula ukucindezela.
09
Yiziphi izilinganiso ku-nameplate ye-transformer?
Ukulinganisa kwe-Transformer kungumthetho womkhiqizi wokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kwe-transformer, i-transformer esimweni esibekiwe sokusebenza, ingaqinisekisa umsebenzi onokwethenjelwa wesikhathi eside, futhi ibe nokusebenza okuhle. Isilinganiso sayo sihlanganisa okulandelayo:
1, umthamo olinganiselwe: i-transformer esesimweni esilinganiselwe somthamo ophumayo yenani eliqinisekisiwe, iyunithi ene-volt-ampere (VA), i-kilovolt-ampere (kVA) noma i-mega volt-ampere (MVA), ngoba isiguquli sinokusebenza okuphezulu ukusebenza kahle, ngokuvamile inani lomklamo wamandla ovunguzayo wokuqala nowesibili liyalingana.
2, i-voltage elinganiselwe: ibhekisela enanini eliqinisekisiwe le-voltage yokugcina ye-transformer uma kungekho mthwalo, ovezwa ngama-volts (V) nama-kilovolts (kV). Ngaphandle kwalapho kucaciswe ngenye indlela, i-voltage elinganiselwe yi-voltage yomugqa womunwe.
3. Isilinganiso samanje: sibhekisela kumugqa wamanje obalwa kusukela kumthamo olinganiselwe kanye ne-voltage elinganiselwe, evezwe nge-ampere (A).
4, akukho mthwalo wamanje: i-transformer akukho-load operation excitation yamanje kumaphesenti amanje alinganiselwe.
5, ukulahleka kwesekethe emfushane: uhlangothi olulodwa lwesekethe elifushane elijikayo, olunye uhlangothi lwe-voltage emazombezombe ukuze izinhlangothi zombili zokusonga zifinyelele ukulahlekelwa okusebenzayo kwamanje okulinganiselwe, okuvezwe ngama-watts (W) noma ama-kilowatt (kW).
I-6, ukulahlekelwa okungalayishiwe: kubhekisela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla asebenzayo we-transformer ekusebenzeni okungalayishiwe, okuvezwe ngama-watts (W) noma ama-kilowatts (kW).
I-7, i-voltage yesifunda esifushane: eyaziwa nangokuthi i-impedance voltage, ibhekisela ohlangothini olulodwa lwesifunda esifushane esimazombezombe, olunye uhlangothi lwama-winging ukufinyelela i-voltage esetshenzisiwe yamanje elinganiselwe kanye namaphesenti alinganiselwe we-voltage.
8. Iqembu lokuxhuma: libonisa imodi yokuxhuma yama-windings ayisisekelo nesesibili kanye nomehluko wesigaba phakathi kwama-voltage omugqa, omelelwa iwashi.
10
Kungani iziguquli zomthombo zamanje zidinga umthamo omkhulu we-transformer?
Ama-Transformer ngokuvamile aklanyelwe umthamo olinganiselwe, hhayi amandla alinganiselwe, ngoba amanje awo ahlobene kuphela nomthamo olinganiselwe. Kuziguquli zomthombo kagesi, umthamo olinganiselwe namandla alinganiselwe acishe alingane ngenxa yokuthi isici samandla okufakwayo siseduze no-1. Isiguquli somthombo wamanje asisona, isici saso samandla esiguquli eseceleni okokufaka silingana kakhulu nomthwalo wesici samandla e-asynchronous motor, ngakho-ke kunjini yokulayisha efanayo, umthamo wayo olinganiselwe mkhulu kune-voltage source converter transformer.
11
Amandla e-transformer ahlobene nani?
Ukukhethwa kwe-iron core kuhlobene ne-voltage, futhi ukukhethwa kocingo kuhlobene namanje, okungukuthi, ukushuba kocingo kuhlobene ngokuqondile nenani le-calorific. Okusho ukuthi, umthamo we-transformer uhlobene kuphela nenani le-calorific. Ku-transformer eklanyelwe, uma ukuchithwa kokushisa kungalungile emvelweni, uma kungu-1000KVA, uma amandla okukhipha ukushisa athuthukiswa, kungenzeka ukusebenza ku-1250KVA.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amandla okuzisholo we-transformer nawo ahlobene nokukhuphuka kokushisa okuvumelekile, isibonelo, uma i-transformer ye-1000KVA, ukuphakama okuvunyelwe ukushisa ku-100K, uma ezimweni ezikhethekile, kungavunyelwa ukusebenza kuze kufike ku-120K, amandla ayo. ingaphezu kuka-1000KVA. Kungabonakala futhi ukuthi uma izimo zokushisa ukushisa kwe-transformer zithuthukisiwe, amandla ayo okuqamba angandiswa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngomthamo ofanayo we-converter, umthamo wekhabhinethi ye-transformer ungancishiswa.
12
Indlela yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-transformer?
1) Zama ukukhetha ukulahlekelwa okuphansi, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kanye ne-transformer yokonga amandla
2) Ngokusho komthwalo, khetha i-transformer yamandla enengqondo
3) Isilinganiso somthwalo we-transformer kufanele sibe sikhulu kune-70%
4) lapho isilinganiso somthwalo wemfanelo ngokuvamile singaphansi kuka-30%, i-transformer encane kufanele ishintshwe ngendlela efanele.
I-5) Thuthukisa isici samandla omthwalo ukuthuthukisa ikhono le-transformer ukudlulisa amandla asebenzayo
6) Ukucushwa okunengqondo komthwalo, ngangokunokwenzeka ukunciphisa inani lokusebenza kwe-transformer
13
Kungani ukusheshisa ukuguqulwa kwezobuchwepheshe kwe-transformer yokusabalalisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu?
Ama-transformers okusabalalisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu ikakhulukazi abhekisela ku-: SJ, SJL, SL7, S7 kanye nezinye iziguquli zochungechunge, ukulahlekelwa kwensimbi, ukulahlekelwa kwethusi kuphakeme kakhulu kune-S9 series transformers esetshenziswa kabanzi okwamanje, njenge-S7 uma kuqhathaniswa ne-S9, ukulahlekelwa kwensimbi 11 % ngaphezulu, ukulahleka kwethusi ngo-28% ngaphezulu.
Futhi i-transformer entsha, efana ne-S10, i-S11 transformer kunokonga amandla we-S9, ukulahlekelwa kwensimbi ye-amorphous alloy alloy ilingana kuphela ne-S7 20%. Ama-Transformer ngokuvamile anempilo yesevisi yamashumi eminyaka ambalwa. Ukushintsha i-high-energy transformer nge-high-efficiency-saving transformer ayikwazi nje ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwamandla, kodwa futhi konga ugesi esikhathini sokuphila.
14
Yini i-eddy current? Iyini imiphumela eyingozi yokukhiqiza i-vortex?
Uma i-current eshintshanayo idlula ocingweni, inkambu kazibuthe eshintshanayo iyakhiwa eduze kwentambo. I-conductor yonke endaweni eshintshanayo kazibuthe izokhiqiza amandla akhona ngaphakathi, ngoba lokhu kuthungathwa kwamanje ku-conductor yonke ngokwayo ku-loop evaliwe, efana ne-vortex yamanzi, ebizwa ngokuthi i-vortex. I-Eddy current ngeke imoshe amandla kuphela, inciphise ukusebenza kahle kwemishini kagesi, futhi izobangela ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zikagesi (njenge-transformer core) ukufudumeza, okungathí sina kuzothinta ukusebenza okuvamile kwemishini.
15
Kungani ukuvikela okudlulayo kwe-transformer kufanele kugweme i-low voltage short circuit current?
Ikakhulukazi uma kucatshangelwa ukukhetha kokunyakaza kokuvikela i-relay, uhlangothi oluphezulu lokuvikela ikhefu elisheshayo ikakhulukazi, ukuvikela okuqinile kwangaphandle kwamaphutha e-transformer uma ungalugwemi uhlangothi lwe-voltage ephansi ye-transformer ekusetheni umthamo omkhulu wamanje we-short-circuit, ngenxa yohlangothi oluphansi lwe-voltage. alikude nokuthunyelwa kohlu lwenani lamanje lesifunda esifushane alilikhulu, eliyisisekelo elilinganayo, lokhu kuzokwenza uhlangothi oluphezulu ukuvikelwa kwekhefu elisheshayo kunwetshwe kungcindezi ephansi, Ngakho ulahlekelwa ukukhetha. Ngemva kokulahlekelwa ukuvikelwa okukhethiwe okunokwethenjelwa, kodwa ukuvumela ukuphazamiseka, njengalokhu manje kukhona isethi yezimboni eziningi ze-10 kv transformer room njalo (i-10 kv ibhasi + i-outlet circuit breaker), yonke i-workshop isethe igumbi lokuguqula i-voltage ephansi (ikhabhinethi yenethiwekhi yendandatho + i-transformer ), uma i-breaker yesifunda ingaphunyuki ohlangothini oluphansi lwe-voltage ye-transformer esiphezulu-isifunda samanje esifushane sizobangela ukushintshwa okuyinhloko kwe-voltage ephansi, (i-fuse yenethiwekhi yekhabhinethi yokulayisha umthwalo), isenzo se-High voltage circuit breaker, ilethe ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni.
16
Kungani ama-parallel transformer engakwazi ukumiswa ngesikhathi esisodwa?
Kuhlelo lwamanje oluphezulu, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokuzwelana kokuvikelwa kwe-relay, ingxenye eyodwa ye-transformer eyinhloko igxiliwe, kanti enye ingxenye ayinasisekelo.
Amaphuzu angathathi hlangothi ama-transformer amabili amakhulu esiteshini esisodwa awasekelwe ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngakho-ke ukuxhumanisa ukuvikelwa kwamandla kagesi wokulandelana kwe-zero kanye nokulandelana kwe-zero kucatshangelwa kakhulu.
Esiteshini esincane esinama-transformer amaningi asebenza ngokufana, ingxenye eyodwa yamaphoyinti angathathi hlangothi e-transformer igxiliwe futhi enye ingxenye ayinasisekelo. Ngale ndlela, izinga lamanje lephutha eliphansi linganqunyelwa ebangeni elifanele, futhi usayizi nesinyathelo sayo yonke igridi yamanje elandelanayo enguziro ayikwazi ukuthintwa ukuguqulwa kwemodi yokusebenza, kanye nokuzwela kokulandelana kweqanda kwamanje. ukuvikelwa kohlelo kungathuthukiswa.
17
Kungani i-transformer esanda kufakwa noma elungiswe kabusha kufanele yenze ukuhlolwa kokuvala umthelela ngaphambi kokuthi iqale ukusebenza?
Ukukhishwa kwama-no-load transformer asebenza kugridi kuzoholela ekusebenzeni okungaphezu kwamandla. Ezinhlelweni eziphansi eziphansi zamanje, i-amplitude yalokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-overvoltage ingaba izikhathi ezi-3 kuya kwezi-4 i-voltage yesigaba esilinganiselwe; Kumasistimu amakhulu asekelwe phansi, i-overvoltage yokusebenza ingase futhi ifinyelele izikhathi ezi-3 ku-voltage yesigaba esilinganiselwe. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi ukufakwa kwe-transformer kungakwazi yini ukumelana ne-voltage elinganisiwe kanye ne-overvoltage yokusebenza, ukuhlolwa okuningana kokuvala umthelela kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuba i-transformer isebenze. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okokufaka kwe-no-load transformer kuzokhiqiza i-inrush current, inani layo lingafinyelela izikhathi ezingu-6 ~ 8 zamanje ezilinganiselwe. Ngenxa yokuthi i-excitation inrush current izokhiqiza amandla amaningi kagesi, ngakho-ke yenza ukuhlolwa kokuvala umthelela noma ucabange ukuthi amandla omshini we-transformer nokuvikelwa kwe-relay kuzophazamisa izinyathelo ezisebenzayo.
Umthombo: IWindows inamandla
