Intshayelelo
isiguquli
Isixhobo esitshintsha i-voltage, i-current, okanye i-phase ngokudibanisa isekethe yemagnethi
Kutheni ufunda iiTransformers?
Iitransformer zikwaziwa ngokuba ziimoto ze-AC ezingasebenziyo

NgoMatshi, umphathi wethu wentengiso waseIndiya ukhokela iqela eliza kuya kwiMboniso yoMbane waseMiddle East.
Ngexesha lomboniso, sidibene nabathengi abahlukeneyo kumazwe asempuma. Sazisa kubo izixhobo zethu zamva nje - iZiko lokuLungiselela iRobhothi ye-AI.
Siqinisekile ukuba imodeli yethu yamva nje ingakhokela kwimarike!

Iitransformer ezintywilisiweyo kwioyile zineempawu zokusasaza ubushushu kakuhle, ukulahleka okuphantsi, amandla amakhulu kunye nexabiso eliphantsi. Okwangoku, uninzi lweetransformer zamandla ezisebenza kwigridi ziitransformer ezintywilisiweyo kwioyile, apho ngaphezulu kwama-80% azo zipholiswa kukujikeleza kweoyile yendalo. Sisakhiwo sokupholisa esisetyenziswa rhoqo ukuseta ipleyiti yesikhokelo kwikhoyili yetransformer yokujikeleza kweoyile yendalo. Eli phepha ligxile ekuhlalutyeni ulwakhiwo, ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kweetransformer zamandla ezintywilisiweyo kwioyile, kwaye ngokukodwa lihlalutya inkqubo yeoyile yeetransformer zamandla ezintywilisiweyo kwioyile, kwaye lihlalutya ngokufutshane iimpazamo zeetransformer zamandla ezintywilisiweyo kwioyile. Ndinethemba lokwandisa ukuqonda kunye nohlalutyo lweetransformer zamandla ezintywilisiweyo kwioyile zelizwe lam.

Iziphene zetransformer zinokwahlulwa zibe ziziphene zangaphakathi neziphene zangaphandle.


Iziphene zangaphakathi zeTransformer zibhekisa kwiziphene ezenzeka kwitanki yeoyile yetransformer, kubandakanya i-phase-to-phase short circuit ye-winding nganye, i-inter-turn short circuit ye-winding, i-short circuit fault phakathi kwe-winding kunye ne-iron core, i-single-phase grounding fault ye-single-phase winding okanye i-lead-out wire edlula kwi-shell, i-winding disconnection fault, njl. Iziphene zangaphandle zeTransformer zibhekisa kwiziphene ezahlukeneyo ezenzeka kwi-external insulating bushing yetanki yeoyile yetransformer kunye nee-lead-out wire zayo, kubandakanya i-single-phase grounding short-circuits kunye ne-phase-to-phase short-circuits phakathi kwee-lead-out wire ezibangelwa yi-flashover okanye i-insulating bushings ephukileyo.

Uvavanyo lokungathwali mthwalo: Sebenzisa i-voltage elinganisiweyo ye-sine wave rated frequency ukusuka kwindawo ethile yokujikajika ye-transformer (ngokubanzi ukusuka kwicala lesibini le-voltage ephantsi), kwaye uvule ezinye ii-windings ukuze ulinganise ilahleko yangoku engenamthwalo kunye nelahleko engenamthwalo. Ukuba iimeko zovavanyo zinqongophele kwaye i-voltage yombane ayinakufikelela kwi-voltage elinganisiweyo, uvavanyo lunokwenziwa phantsi kweemeko ze-voltage ezingalinganiyo. Le ndlela yovavanyo inempazamo enkulu kwaye ngokubanzi isetyenziselwa ukujonga ukuba i-transformer inempazamo na. Yi-voltage yovavanyo kuphela efikelela ngaphezulu kwe-80% ye-voltage elinganisiweyo. Enokusetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ilahleko engenamthwalo.

01 Umbane wangoku
Xa i-transformer iqala ukusebenza, kwenzeka into ebizwa ngokuba yi-magnetizing inrush. Nangona i-inrush currents ingaphazamisi njenge-fault currents, ixesha le-magnetizing inrush currents lilandelana nemizuzwana (xa kuthelekiswa namaxesha ane-fault currents).

Izixhobo zokukhusela ezifanelekileyo kufuneka zifakelwe iimpazamo ze-short-circuit zeengcingo ze-transformer lead, ii-bushings kunye nezangaphakathi, kwaye ziya kuhlangabezana neemfuno ezilandelayo:
1) I-transformer esebenza ngombane enye ye-10MVA nangaphezulu kunye ne-transformer esebenza ngombane efanayo ye-6.3MVA nangaphezulu kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngokhuseleko lokwahluka olude. Ii-transformer ezibalulekileyo ezine-6.3MVA nangaphantsi ezisebenza ngokuzimeleyo nazo zinokuxhotyiswa ngokhuseleko lokwahluka olude.
2) Iitransformer ezingaphantsi kwe-10MVA zinokuxhotyiswa ngokhuseleko lwangoku olukhawulezayo kunye nokhuseleko lwangoku olugqithisileyo. Kwiitransformer ze-2MVA nangaphezulu, xa i-coefficient yangoku yokuguquguquka okukhawulezayo ingahlangabezani neemfuno, kufuneka kufakwe ukhuseleko lokwahluka kwe-longitudinal.
3) 0.4MVA nangaphezulu, i-voltage yokuqala yi-10kV nangaphantsi, kwaye i-coil yi-transformer enonxibelelwano lwe-delta-star, kwaye ukhuseleko lwe-overcurrent olunezigaba ezimbini ze-relay ezintathu lungasetyenziswa.
4) Izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokukhusela ezichazwe kweli nqaku ziya kusebenza ukuze zikhuphe ii-circuit breakers kumacala omabini e-transformer.

Ukulahleka kwamandla kwe-transformer kwahlulwe ngokulahlekelwa yintsimbi kunye nokulahlekelwa yithusi. Ukulahleka kwentsimbi kukwabizwa ngokuba kukulahlekelwa ngumthwalo, oku kukulahlekelwa kwayo okusisigxina. Enyanisweni kukulahlekelwa okubangelwa yintsimbi (ekwabizwa ngokuba kukulahlekelwa yintsimbi, kwaye ukulahleka kwethusi kukwabizwa ngokuba kukulahlekelwa ngumthwalo).

Umbindi wentsimbi kunye nombindi wentsimbi we-transformer zezona zinto ziphambili zokudlulisa nokuguqula amandla kagesi, kwaye ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwawo ngokukhuselekileyo yingxaki abantu abaxhalabileyo ngayo. Izibalo zibonisa ukuba ingxaki ibangelwa yingxaki yombindi wentsimbi, nto leyo ethatha indawo yesithathu kwingozi iyonke ye-transformer. Isebe lemveliso liye laqwalasela iziphene zombindi we-transformer, kwaye lenze uphuculo lobuchwephesha ekujongeni i-hose yesinyithi kunye ne-stainless steel stainless hose yombindi wentsimbi kwaye laqinisekisa ukuba i-grounding incinci.

Eli nqaku libala ikakhulu iintlobo ezisi-7 zeendlela zokugweba iimpazamo kunye nohlalutyo lwesisombululo sengxolo ye-transformer yohlobo olomileyo. Ukuba kukho impazamo okanye ukushiywa, nceda uyibonise kwindawo yezimvo.
Uhlalutyo lweentlobo ezi-7 zeendlela zokugweba iimpazamo kunye nezisombululo zengxolo ye-transformer yohlobo olomileyo
➢Iingxaki zeresonance zefeni, iikhava kunye nezinye izinto
➢Iingxaki zokufakelwa
➢Impembelelo yendawo yokufakela
➢Ingxaki yokungcangcazela kwebhulorho yebhasi
➢I-transformer core iyazivuselela ngokwayo.
➢I-transformer coil self-resonance
➢Ingxaki yohlobo lomthwalo

Ngophuhliso lwenkqubo yamandla kwicala lokonga amandla kunye nobukrelekrele, umgangatho, ukuthembeka kunye neemfuno zokusebenza kwezixhobo zokuhambisa amandla kunye nokusasazwa kunye nokulawula ziyaphucuka kancinci kancinci. Ukuze kuhlengahlengiswe kwaye kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zemarike, abavelisi bezixhobo zokuhambisa amandla kunye nokusasazwa kunye nokulawula bayaqhubeka nokuphucula ulwakhiwo lweMveliso, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwemveliso, kunye nokuqinisa uR&D oluzimeleyo kunye nokuhlola ubuchwepheshe obutsha, amashishini amatsha, iifomathi ezintsha, kunye neemodeli ezintsha. Uphuhliso lwayo lubonisa ezi ndlela zilandelayo:

Ukuze kujongwane nengozi yesekethe emfutshane yetransformer ekusebenzeni kwemihla ngemihla, kuyimfuneko ukufumanisa umongo wengxaki ngokuhlola nokuvavanya. Xa itransformer inengxaki yesekethe emfutshane ngequbuliso, amacala aphezulu naphantsi evolthi aya kuba phantsi kombane omkhulu wesekethe emfutshane. Ngexesha elifutshane xa i-circuit breaker ingenalo ixesha lokuqhawula, amandla ombane aveliswa yi-short circuit current, elingana nesikwere samandla ombane, aya kusebenza kwi-transformer winding. La mandla ombane anokwahlulwa abe ngamandla e-radial kunye namandla e-axial. Kwimeko yesekethe emfutshane, amandla e-radial asebenza kwi-winding aya kwenza i-HV winding ibe phantsi koxinzelelo kwaye i-LV winding ibe phantsi koxinzelelo. Ekubeni i-winding iyi-circular, into ejikelezayo iguqulwa lula xa iphantsi koxinzelelo kunaxa iphantsi koxinzelelo, ngoko ke i-low-voltage winding iguqulwa lula. Amandla e-axial aveliswayo kwimeko ye-short circuit ekhawulezileyo icinezela i-winding kwaye ibangela ukuhanjiswa kwe-axial kwe-high and low voltage windings. Amandla e-axial asebenza nakwi-iron core kunye nee-clamps. Ngoko ke, xa i-transformer inengxaki ye-short circuit ekhawulezileyo, i-low-voltage winding kunye ne-balance winding zinokwenzeka ukuba ziphazamiseke, zilandelwe yi-high-voltage winding, i-iron core kunye ne-clamp. Ukongeza ekujongeni ii-windings eziphambili, ii-iron cores, ii-clamps kunye nezinye iindawo emva kwengozi ye-transformer short-circuit, uthotho lweengxaki ezinxulumene noko kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngexesha lenkqubo yokuphatha: