Iphepha lokuchaza indlela yokwenza imodeli kunye nohlalutyo lweempawu zeetransformers

5.1 Umgaqo osisiseko wokusebenza kunye nolwakhiwo lwe-transformer

5.1.1 Umgaqo osisiseko wokusebenza kwe-transformer

I-Transformer inefuthe lokuvimba i-DC

Ukuba i-magnetic flux ephambili iyatshintsha ngokomthetho we-sine, oko kukuthi, φ(t)=φ.sinot, ngoko ke i-physical flux nganye

Ixabiso elisebenzayo lobungakanani liyahlangabezana nolu lwalamano lulandelayo:

Ukungayinaki impembelelo yokujija kunye nokulahleka kwesiseko, amandla aphambili nawesibini ayagcinwa, ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

ngoko ke ndinayo

Umlinganiselo wokujika okanye umlinganiselo wokujika we-transformer,

masithi bubuchule obubonakalayo.

Kuyabonakala ukuba i-transformer iyaziqonda iinguqu zangoku ngelixa iyaziqonda iinguqu ze-voltage.

I-transformer inokukwazi nokubona umsebenzi wokuguqulwa kwe-impedance.

Ukuphazamiseka komthwalo kwicala lesibini ngu:

Ukuba ujonga i-ZI kwicala eliphambili, ubungakanani bayo bu:

Ulwakhiwo lwe-transformer yesigaba esinye

1- Ikholamu engundoqo 2- Idyokhwe yentsimbi 3- - Ukujikajika kwevolthi ephezulu 4- ~ Ukujikajika kwevolthi ephantsi

Ulwakhiwo lwe-transformer yesigaba esithathu

Iimpompo zokuqhuba ii-voltage eziphezulu zee-transformers zesigaba esithathu

Ikholamu engundoqo yentsimbi e-1 2-Idyokhwe yentsimbi

Ukujikajika kwe-voltage ephantsi oku-3 Ukujikajika kwe-voltage ephezulu oku-4

1- Ipleyiti yegama 2- Ithemometha 3- Isifunxi-manzi 4- Igeyiji yenqanaba leoyile 5- Isigcini seoyile 6- Indlela yomoya ekhuselekileyo 7- Ireyi yegesi 8- Umbhobho yeoyile oxinzelelekileyo ophezulu

Umbhobho weoyile ophantsi o-9 10 - iswitshi yempompo 11 - isiseko setanki yepetroli 12 - ivalvu yokukhupha ioyile 13 - ikhoyili 14 - ipleyiti yomhlaba 15 - - itroli

5.2 Uvavanyo lweTransformer

➢ Ubungakanani bomthamo okanye ubungakanani obubonakalayo Sn;

➢I-voltage elinganisiweyo i-Un

I-current Iv elinganiswe ngexabiso;

➢Ireyithingi yefrikhwensi ye-fn elinganisiweyo;

➢Ukusebenza kakuhle okulinganisiweyo ηn;

Zombini i-voltage elinganisiweyo kunye ne-current elinganisiweyo zibhekisa kwixabiso lomgca (oko kukuthi i-voltage yomgca okanye i-current yomgca)

Kukho ulwalamano olulandelayo phakathi kwedatha elinganisiweyo:

Kwifomula, u-m umele inani lezigaba ze-transformer;

I-U1Nφ kunye ne-I1Nφ zimele amaxabiso esigaba se-voltage elinganisiweyo kunye ne-current elinganisiweyo, ngokulandelanayo.

Kwi-transformers zesigaba esinye:

Kwi-transformers zesigaba esithathu:

5.3 Uhlalutyo lokusebenza kweetransformer ezingenamthwalo

inkcazo:

Ukungabikho komthwalo we-transformer kubhekisa kwimeko yokusebenza apho ukujija okuphambili kusetyenziswa khona nge-AC voltage kwaye ukujija okwesibini kuvuliwe, oko kukuthi, icala lesibini livuliwe (oko kukuthi, umbane ngu-zero).

5.3.1 Ubudlelwane be-electromagnetic phakathi kwee-transformers ngexesha lokusebenza ngaphandle komthwalo

Ibhalwe ngendlela ye-phasor ngolu hlobo:

Ukuququmbela:

Ubukhulu be-induced potential kwi-winding buhambelana ne-frequency, inani le-winding turns kunye ne-amplitude ye-magnetic flux; kwisigaba, i-induced potential kwi-transformer winding isemva kwe-magnetic flux ephambili.

Xa i-voltage elinganisiweyo isetyenziswa kwi-primary winding, i-open-circuit voltage ye-secondary winding ichazwa njenge-voltage elinganisiweyo yecala lesibini, oko kukuthi, umlinganiselo wotshintsho lwe-transformer ungafunyanwa ngolu hlobo:

5.3.2 Ilingana neeparameter zombane zesekethe yemagnethi

Ingcamango esisiseko:

Ingxaki yesekethe yemagnethi ebandakanyeka kwi-transformer iguqulwa ibe yingxaki yesekethe, ize emva koko i-transformer ibalwe ngokwethiyori yesekethe edibeneyo.

Ukukhupha ukuvuza:

Emva koko i-X1δ okanye i-L1δ, ingasetyenziselwa ukubonisa isekethe yemagnethi evuzayo. (njengento engaguqukiyo, kutheni?)

Kwi-flux ephambili:

Okokuqala, kuqaliswa ingcamango ye-equivalent sine wave current, kwaye i-non-sinusoidal no-load current ithathelwa indawo yi-equivalent sine wave current.

(a) Umzobo wePhasor (b) Isekethe elinganayo (c) Isekethe elinganayo

kwi-transformer efanelekileyo:

5.3.3 I-equation yebhalansi ye-voltage engekho mthwalo, umzobo we-phasor kunye nomzobo wesekethe elinganayo ye-transformer

Ukuququmbela:

Umlinganiselo wamandla wecala eliphambili uphantsi xa i-transformer isebenza ngaphandle komthwalo.

Iitransformer azivumeli ukusebenza ngaphandle komthwalo okanye umthwalo olula.

5.4 Uhlalutyo lokusebenza komthwalo wetransformer

Emva kokuba i-transformer ilayishiwe, umbane kwicala lesibini awusekho zero, nto leyo ebangela utshintsho kwinkqubo ye-electromagnetic ngaphakathi kwe-core.

5.4.1 I-balance equation ye-magnetic potential xa i-transformer iphantsi komthwalo

5.4.1 I-balance equation ye-magnetic potential xa i-transformer iphantsi komthwalo

Akukho mthwalo/umthwalo

Le fomyula ingasentla ingaqondwa ngolu hlobo: Njengoko umsinga womthwalo usanda, amandla ombane ahambelanayo (okanye umsinga) kufuneka anyuswe kwicala eliphambili ukuze kulungiswe amandla ombane asecaleni lesibini, ukuze kugcinwe i-magnetic flux okanye amandla ombane angatshintshi xa kungekho mthwalo. Ngoko ke kukho:

Ukuququmbela:

Emva kokuba i-transformer ilayishiwe, umsinga wecala eliphambili uyanda. Okukhona umthwalo (umsinga) ufuneka kakhulu kwicala lesibini, kokukhona umsinga onikezelwayo kwicala eliphambili umkhulu. Oko kukuthi, i-transformer inokuthathwa njengokulinganisela phakathi kobonelelo kunye nemfuno.

5.4.2 Iiparameter zombane ezilinganayo zesekethe yemagnethi yokuvuza yesibini emva kokuba itransformer ilayishiwe

I-X₂δ okanye i-Ḯ₂ingasetyenziselwa ukubonisa imeko yesekethe yemagnethi yokuvuza ecaleni lesibini.

5.4.3 Ubudlelwane be-electromagnetic xa i-transformer iphantsi komthwalo

5.5 Ii-equations ezisisiseko, iisekethe ezilinganayo kunye needayagram ze-phasor zee-transformers

5.5.1 I-equation esisiseko ye-transformer ilingana nohlalutyo kunye neeparamitha ezahlukeneyo kwicandelo elingaphambili, kunye nesigaba

Ii-Transformer Basic Equations kwiFomu yoBuninzi

5.5.2 Isekethe elinganayo yokusebenza komthwalo wetransformer

Ngokwezibalo ezisisiseko zangaphambili, uhlalutyo olwahlukeneyo kunye nokubala kwe-transformer kunokwenziwa, kodwa izibalo zinzima kakhulu. Kubunjineli, ngokubanzi iguqulwa ibe yisekethe elinganayo ukuze ithathe indawo ye-transformer yokwenyani.

Amacala aphambili nawesibini esekethe elinganayo azimele ngokwamandla ombane. Ukuze kube lula ukubala, inani leenguqu ezijikelezayo kwicala lesibini lidla ngokunyuswa ukusuka ku-N ukuya ku-1, ukuze ubungakanani obubonakalayo kwicala lesibini butshintshe ngokufanelekileyo. Le nkqubo ikwabizwa ngokuba yinguquko.

Umgaqo wokuguqula:

Ngaphambi nasemva kokuguqulwa, ubudlelwane be-electromagnetic kufuneka bugcinwe bungatshintshi, oko kukuthi:

(1) Amandla emagnethi ngaphambi nasemva kokuguqulwa kufuneka ahlale engatshintshanga;

(2) Amandla ombane kunye nokulahleka kwawo ngaphambi nasemva kokuguqulwa kwawo kufuneka kuhlale kungatshintshanga.

(1) Ukuguqulwa kweVolthi (guqula i-E ₁ifana ne-E₂)

(2) Ukuguqulwa kwangoku (ukuqinisekisa ukuba amandla emagnethi ahlala engatshintshanga)

(3) Ukuguqulwa kwe-Impedance (ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubudlelwane bokudluliselwa kwamandla abutshintshi, kuquka amandla asebenzayo kunye namandla asebenzayo)

Amandla Asebenzayo

Amandla Okusebenza

5.5.3 Umzobo we-phasor xa i-transformer iphantsi komthwalo Umzobo we-phasor awubonisi nje kuphela ubudlelwane be-electromagnetic be-transformer, kodwa unokubona ngokuzenzekelayo ubukhulu kunye nobudlelwane besigaba sobungakanani obubonakalayo kwi-transformer.

Ukuba sicinga ukuba iiparameter zesekethe ziyaziwa, kwaye ubungakanani kunye nesigaba somthwalo zinikiwe, umzobo we-phasor unokutsalwa ngokwamanyathelo aliqela.

Ukuququmbela:

Emva kokuba i-transformer ilayishiwe, i-engile ye-power factor yecala eliphambili iyancitshiswa, kwaye i-power factor iyaphucuka.

5.6 Uvavanyo kunye nokulinganiswa kweeparamitha zesekethe ezilinganayo zetransformer Isekethe elinganayo ingasetyenziselwa ukuhlalutya ukusebenza kwetransformer. Okokuqala, iiparamitha kwisekethe elinganayo kufuneka zaziwe.

Uvavanyo olungenamthwalo -> umlinganiselo wotshintsho k, impedance yovuselelo

Uvavanyo lwesekethe emfutshane → impedance yesekethe emfutshane

5.7 Ukubalwa kweempawu zokusebenza ezizinzileyo ze-transformers

5.7.1 Iimpawu zangaphandle kunye nesantya sokutshintsha kwevolthi yeetransformer

Inkcazo yeempawu zangaphandle (ezibonisa umgangatho wobonelelo lwamandla lwe-transformer kumthwalo)

I-curve yobudlelwane phakathi kwe-voltage yesiphelo secala lesibini le-transformer kunye nomsinga womthwalo wecala lesibini phantsi kweemeko ze-voltage yombane elinganisiweyo kunye ne-load power factor ethile.

Iimpawu zangaphandle eziqhelekileyo zee-transformers phantsi kwemithwalo eyahlukeneyo

Inkcazo yeNqanaba loTshintsho lweVoltage:

Phantsi kwemeko yevolthi yombane elinganisiweyo kunye ne-load power factor ethile, ipesenti yevolthi yesiphelo sesibini iyatshintsha ukusuka ekungathwalini ukuya kumthwalo olinganisiweyo, oko kukuthi:

∆u

Izinto zangaphakathi: xᶄ, rᶄ → iiparameter zesakhiwo se-transformer

Izinto zangaphandle: i-cosφ2, i-β-→umthwalo othile, ubungakanani bomthwalo

Ingxoxo: I-transformer ngokubanzi yi-rᶄ: incinci kakhulu kune-xᶄ nceda ujonge kuMzekelo (5-1)

◆Kumthwalo ococekileyo wokuchasana, i-cosφ2=1, i-sinφ2=0, ngoko ke u-∆u mncinci;

◆Kwimithwalo yokungenisa,

cosφ2>0, sinφ2>0, ngoko ke ∆u>0,

oko kukuthi, ngokwanda komsinga womthwalo, i-voltage kwicala lesibini iyancipha kakhulu;

◆Kwi-capacitive load, cosφ2>0, sinφ2<0, ukuba |rᶄ cosφ2|<| xᶄ sinφ2|,Emva koko ∆u<0,

okubonisa ukuba ngokonyuka komsinga womthwalo i-I2, i-voltage kwicala lesibini inokuba

inokuphakama.

Ukusetyenziswa komthwalo we-capacitive kwi-voltage yesibini yesiphelo se-transformer:

(1) Buyisela amandla okusabela, uphucule amandla, kwaye unciphise ukulahleka komgca

(2) Yandisa i-voltage yegridi yamandla efektri ukusombulula ingxaki yomthwalo onzima wefektri kunye nokuhla kwe-voltage yegridi yamandla

5.7.2 Iimpawu zokusebenza kakuhle kwee-transformers.

Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-transformer kuchazwa ngolu hlobo:

Izinto ezichaphazela i-η

Izinto zangaphakathi: iiparameter zesakhiwo se-transformer ezifana ne-excitation kunye ne-short-circuit parameters

Izinto zangaphandle: i-cosφ2, uhlobo lomthwalo we-β, ubungakanani bomthwalo

Uphawu lokusebenza kakuhle luchazwa ngolu hlobo:

Phantsi kwemeko yevolthi elinganisiweyo kunye ne-load power factor ethile,

η= f(I2)

(okanyeη = f(β)).

Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-transformer ngokubanzi kuphezulu

Uninzi lwazo lungaphezulu kwama-95%, kwaye ii-transformers ezinkulu zinokufikelela kuma-99%. I-AC motor inenxalenye ejikelezayo, ukusebenza kwayo kuphantsi.

Sombulula ukuze ufumane ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu kwe-transformer:

5.8 Iingxaki ezikhethekileyo zeeTransformers zeSigaba eSithathu

Izahluko ezidlulileyo zithathe i-transformer yesigaba esinye njengomzekelo wokufunda ii-equations ezisisiseko, iisekethe ezilinganayo kunye neendlela zokubala ukusebenza kwe-transformer, ezikwasebenza nakwii-transformer zesigaba esithathu.

Ii-transformers zesigaba esithathu nazo zineengxaki zazo ezikhethekileyo:

➢Indlela yoqhagamshelo

➢Ulwakhiwo lwesekethe yemagnethi

5.8.1 Indlela yoqhagamshelo kunye neqela loqhagamshelo lwe-transformer yesigaba esithathu

(1) Indlela yoqhagamshelo

(a) uqhagamshelo lweenkwenkwezi (b) uqhagamshelo lwe-delta

Umgaqo:

Oonobumba abakhulu (A, B, C, N) bamele isikwere sokuqala;

oonobumba abancinci (x, y, z,n) egameni lomntu ohlawulayo;

(2) Amaqela adibanisayo

Kwii-transformers zesigaba sesithathu, amaqela adla ngokusetyenziswa ukumela umahluko wesigaba phakathi kwe-voltages eziphambili nezesibini ze-transformer yesigaba sesithathu: θ=(EABEab), eyi-multiple ye-30°, phakathi ngqo kweeyure ezikwi-clock face. Ngoko ke, ubudlelwane besigaba phakathi kwe-voltage ephezulu nephantsi ye-voltage winding wire potentials ye-transformer yesigaba sesithathu bubonakaliswa ngokubanzi "yi-clock notation", oko kukuthi, inani leqela.

Indlela yokuchonga iqela:

Sebenzisa i-EAB enokubakho kwicala eliphezulu njengesandla eside, ukhomba kwi-"12" enokubakho kwicala elisezantsi kwicala lewotshi.

I-Eab yinaliti emfutshane, kwaye inombolo ekhomba kuyo yinombolo yeqela lonxibelelwano lwe-transformer yesigaba esithathu.

A. Iqela loqhagamshelo lwe-transformer yesigaba esinye

Ingcamango yegama elifanayo:

Xa umbindi wentsimbi omnye ujikeleziswa ngeekhoyili ezimbini, ukuze kubonakale iikhoyili ezimbini kumbindi wentsimbi omnye

Ubudlelwane bendlela ejikelezayo phakathi kweekhoyili budla ngokuzisa ingcamango "yesiphelo segama elifanayo".

Eli cala linye lithetha oku:

Iikhoyili ezimbini ezikumbindi omnye zidibene ne-magnetic flux efanayo. Xa i-magnetic flux itshintshana, ukuba amandla akhawulezileyo abangelwa sisiphelo esinye sekhoyili alungile xa kuthelekiswa nesinye isiphelo sekhoyili efanayo, ii-terminals ezimbini ezilungileyo zombini zi-. Yi-terminal efanayo, emelwe yi-"*",

(a) Ukujikajika kwicala elinye (b) Ukujikajika kwicala elichaseneyo

Kwi-transformers zesigaba esinye, isiphelo sentloko se-high-voltage winding siphawulwe ngo-A kwaye isiphelo somsila siphawulwe ngo-X; isiphelo sentloko se-low-voltage winding siphawulwe ngo-a kwaye isiphelo somsila siphawulwe ngo-X.

Umgaqo:

Icala elihle le-potential lisuka entloko ukuya ekupheleni komsila.

Kwi-transformer, isiphelo esinegama elifanayo singasetyenziswa njengesiphelo sentloko, okanye isiphelo esinegama elifanayo singasetyenziswa njengesiphelo sentloko. Imifanekiso u-a kunye no-b ngezantsi ibonisa ubudlelwane besigaba phakathi kwe-primary kunye ne-secondary potentials kwezi meko zimbini, ngokulandelelana.

(a) Isiphelo esinegama elifanayo siphawulwe njengesiphelo sentloko (b) Isiphelo esinegama elifanayo siphawulwe njengesiphelo sentloko

Ukuba indlela yokuchonga apho isiphelo esinegama elifanayo siphawulwe njengesiphelo sentloko iyasetyenziswa (jonga uMfanekiso a), iqela lee-transformers zesigaba esinye ngu-I, i0; kwi-I, i6.

B. Iqela loqhagamshelo lwe-transformer yesigaba esithathu

Ngokusebenzisa ubudlelwane besigaba phakathi kwamandla okuqala nawesibini e-transformer yesigaba esinye (okanye amandla okuqala nawesibini e-transformer yesigaba sesithathu), ubudlelwane besigaba phakathi kwamandla okuqala nawesibini e-transformer yesigaba sesithathu bunokugqitywa ngakumbi, oko kukuthi, iqela lonxibelelwano.

(1) Uqhagamshelo lwe-Y/Y lwesiguquli esinezigaba ezintathu

(2) Uqhagamshelo lwe-Y/△ lwesiguquli esinezigaba ezintathu

Amanyathelo aqhelekileyo okuchonga iqela le-transformer lezigaba ezintathu:

(1) Zoba umzobo we-phasor onokubakho we-high-voltage side winding;

(2) Thelekisa inqaku u-a kunye nenqaku u-A, kwaye uzobe amandla esigaba se-ax yokujika ene-voltage ephantsi ngokwendlela ubudlelwane besigaba phakathi kwe-windings ephezulu kunye ne-low-voltage kwikholamu efanayo engundoqo.

(3) Ngokwendlela yokudibanisa intambo ye-low-voltage winding, zoba umzobo we-potential phasor wezinye izigaba ezibini ze-low-voltage winding;

(4) Fumana i-EB kunye ne-E kwiidayagram ze-phasor ezinokubakho zee-windings ze-voltage ephezulu nephantsi.

Ubudlelwane besigaba se-transformer yesigaba sesithathu bufunyenwe, kwaye inani leqela loqhagamshelwano lwe-transformer yesigaba sesithathu lifunyenwe.

Y/Y,△/△ iqela elilinganayo

Y/△,Y/△ uluhlu olungaqhelekanga

Kukho amaqela amahlanu aqhelekileyo okujoyina asetyenziswa rhoqo:

Y, yn0, Y, d11, YN, d11, YN, y0, Y, y0, ezithathu zokuqala zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu.

5.8.2 Ulwakhiwo lwesekethe yemagnethi yetransformer enamanqanaba amathathu

Iimpawu zee-transformers zeqela lesigaba esithathu: iisekethe zemagnethi zesigaba ngasinye azixhomekekanga kwenye.

Iimpawu ze-transformer ye-core yesigaba esithathu: iisekethe zemagnethi zesigaba ngasinye zihlobene.

5.8.3 Ukudibanisa ngokuchanekileyo uqhagamshelo olujikelezayo kunye nesakhiwo sesekethe yemagnethi yetransformer yesigaba esithathu

I-sine wave flux ihambelana nomsinga we-peak wave. Umsinga we-sine wave uhambelana nomsinga we-flat top wave flux.

ukuququmbela:

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba i-phase potential waveform yi-sinusoidal, i-magnetic flux ephambili yesigaba ngasinye kufuneka itshintshe ngokomthetho we-sinusoidal. Ngeli xesha, kufuneka ukuba i-excitation current ibe yi-peak wave, oko kukuthi, indlela ye-harmonic current yesithathu kufuneka iqinisekiswe kuqhagamshelo lwesekethe. (ngoba?)

Ukujikeleza kwe-flat-top wave - (imvelaphi) - amandla e-peak wave, ukuba i-peak inkulu kakhulu, inokuphazamisa ubushushu be-winding.

Xa ucinga ukuba iisekethe zemagnethi zesigaba ngasinye se-transformer yeqela azixhomekekanga kwenye kwenye, azinxulumananga. I-harmonic magnetic flux yesithathu equlethwe kwi-magnetic flux ephambili iyafana ne-fundamental wave magnetic flux, kwaye ijikeleza kwi-main magnetic circuit ye-phase transformer nganye, ngaloo ndlela ibangela i-amplitude third harmonic potential ephezulu kwi-primary and secondary windings, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-phase potential wave yi-sharp-topped wave (efunyenwe ngokuvela kwe-flat-topped wave magnetic flux). I-peak ye-peak wave phase potential inokuqhekeza i-winding insulation.

Xa sicinga ukuba iisekethe zemagnethi zesigaba ngasinye se-core transformer zinxulumene, isigaba se-three harmonic magnetic flux kwi-main magnetic flux ye-three-phase flat top wave siyafana, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba ijikeleze kwi-magnetic circuit ye-main iron core. I-closed magnetic circuit yenziwe, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-harmonic potential yesithathu ebangelwa yi-harmonic magnetic flux yesithathu kwi-primary and secondary windings ibe ncinci, kwaye i-phase potential waveform isasondele kwi-sine wave.

ukuququmbela:

(1) Ukujija kwamanqanaba amathathu kwesiguquli sesakhiwo seqela esinezigaba ezintathu akunakunxibelelana nge-Y/Y;

(2) Ukujija kwe-transformer okunezigaba ezintathu kunye nesakhiwo esiphambili esinazigaba ezintathu kunokudityaniswa yi-Y/Y, kodwa amandla akufanele abe makhulu kakhulu.

Icala elinye lokujika liqhagamshelwe kwi-delta, kwaye umsinga wesithathu we-harmonic unendlela. Ke ngoko, nokuba isekethe yemagnethi luhlobo lweqela okanye isakhiwo sohlobo oluphambili, ii-windings zesigaba esithathu zinokuqhagamshelwa yi-△/Y.

Icala elinye lokujika liqhagamshelwe yi-Y, kwaye umsinga wesithathu we-harmonic awukwazi ukuhamba kuwo, kodwa umsinga wesithathu we-harmonic magnetic flux oveliswa ngumsinga we-sine wave uya kubangela umsinga wesithathu we-harmonic kwi-secondary winding (uqhagamshelo lwe-delta) (jonga umfanekiso ongezantsi). ), inokuqinisekisa ukuba i-magnetic flux waveform ephambili ikufutshane ne-sinusoidal, ngoko ke amandla e-induced phase nawo ayi-sinusoidal. Kuyabonakala ukuba isiphumo soqhagamshelo olunxantathu kwicala elinye eliphambili siyafana.

ukuququmbela:

Kwi-0/Y (okanye Y/0) ii-windings zesigaba sesithathu ezidityanisiweyo, ingasetyenziselwa ii-transformers zesigaba sesithathu zesakhiwo seqela okanye ii-transformers zesigaba sesithathu zesakhiwo seqela.

ukuququmbela:

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba amandla esigaba akwi-sinusoidal, kungcono ukusebenzisa uqhagamshelo lwe-delta kwicala elinye le-transformer yesigaba sesithathu.

5.9 Iitransformer ezikhethekileyo kwiinkqubo zombane zokutsala

5.9.1 Ii-Autotransformers

(a) Umzobo wesicwangciso sesakhiwo (b) Umzobo wentambo ezijikelezayo

Iimpawu: Kukho ukujija okuqhelekileyo phakathi kwee-windings eziphambili nezesibini, okukhokelela kungekuphela nje ekudibaneni kwemagnethi kodwa nakwikhonkco lombane phakathi kwee-windings eziphambili nezesibini.

Ukuququmbela:

Umthamo we-autotransformer wenziwe ngamacandelo amabini:

(1) Amandla e-electromagnetic U2nIl2: ngamandla adluliselwa kumthwalo ngokusebenzisa i-electromagnetic coupling phakathi kwe-Aa ejikelezayo kunye ne-common winding ax;

(2) Amandla aqhutywayo i-U2nI1N: ngamandla ombane adluliselwa ngqo kumthwalo nge-common winding ax.

➢Umthamo we-electromagnetic < umthamo olinganisiweyo

Ubungakanani obuncinci, ukusetyenziswa kwesinyithi esiphantsi kunye nobhedu, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu

➢Umlinganiselo omncinci

Umsinga wenxalenye eqhelekileyo uncinci kunomlinganiselo wecala lesibini

Umsantsa awubonakali, uqoqosho lunciphile

➢Kukho uqhagamshelo lombane ngqo, kufuneka kuqiniswe ubushushu bangaphakathi kunye nokhuseleko lwe-overvoltage.

5.9.2 I-Transformer

Isiguquli seVolthi - ukulinganisa iVolthi ephezulu enemitha yeVolthi ephantsi

Ukulumkela:

Isiphelo esinye secala lesibini kufuneka sisekelwe; (ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthintela ukuqokelelwa kwetshaja engashukumiyo ekuchaphazeleni ukufunda)

Icala lesibini akufuneki lifinyezwe, kungenjalo i-voltage transformer iya kutsha. (Inganyusa umbane ukuba ingancitshiswa)

I-Current Transformer 1 - Linganisa i-current enkulu nge-ammeter ephantsi

Ukulumkela:

➢ Isiphelo esinye secala lesibini kufuneka sisekelwe; (ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthintela ukuqokelelwa kwetshaja engashukumiyo ekuchaphazeleni ukufunda)

➢ Icala lesibini alinakuvulwa, kungenjalo i-voltage spike ephezulu iya kufakwa kwicala lesibini ngenxa yenani elikhulu leenguqu kwicala lesibini, kwaye i-winding insulation ye-transformer iya kwaphulwa. (I-voltage inganyuswa ukuba umbane ungancitshiswa)