1. Uhlu kunye neemodeli ze-power transformers
2. 1. Uhlu ngokwendlela olusetyenziswa ngayo
3. (1) I-Step-up transformer: esetyenziswa sisikhululo samandla ukuhambisa umbane ngaphandle.
4. (2) Isiguquli esisezantsi: Isitishi esingaphantsi se-bureau yonikezelo lwamandla sisetyenziselwa ukuguqula i-voltage.
5. (3) Isiguquli sokusasaza: sisetyenziselwa ukubonelela abasebenzisi ngombane.
6. (4) Isiguquli sezityalo: Sibonelela ngombane wangaphakathi kwiziko lombane.
7. (5) I-Transformer yesitishi: Ibonelela ngombane wangaphakathi kwisitishi esingaphantsi.
8. (6) I-converter transformer: yokudlulisela umbane we-DC, elinye icala liqhagamshelwe kumbane we-AC, kwaye elinye icala liqhagamshelwe kwivalvu yokuguqula.
9. (7) Isiguquli sombane esilungisa igesi: sisetyenziswa kwizityalo zamandla obushushu ukubonelela ngombane kwii-precipitators ezisebenzisa umbane.

Eli nqaku libala ikakhulu iintlobo ezisi-7 zeendlela zokugweba iimpazamo kunye nohlalutyo lwesisombululo sengxolo ye-transformer yohlobo olomileyo. Ukuba kukho impazamo okanye ukushiywa, nceda uyibonise kwindawo yezimvo.
Uhlalutyo lweentlobo ezi-7 zeendlela zokugweba iimpazamo kunye nezisombululo zengxolo ye-transformer yohlobo olomileyo
➢Iingxaki zeresonance zefeni, iikhava kunye nezinye izinto
➢Iingxaki zokufakelwa
➢Impembelelo yendawo yokufakela
➢Ingxaki yokungcangcazela kwebhulorho yebhasi
➢I-transformer core iyazivuselela ngokwayo.
➢I-transformer coil self-resonance
➢Ingxaki yohlobo lomthwalo

Izixhobo zokukhusela ezifanelekileyo kufuneka zifakelwe iimpazamo ze-short-circuit zeengcingo ze-transformer lead, ii-bushings kunye nezangaphakathi, kwaye ziya kuhlangabezana neemfuno ezilandelayo:
1) I-transformer esebenza ngombane enye ye-10MVA nangaphezulu kunye ne-transformer esebenza ngombane efanayo ye-6.3MVA nangaphezulu kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngokhuseleko lokwahluka olude. Ii-transformer ezibalulekileyo ezine-6.3MVA nangaphantsi ezisebenza ngokuzimeleyo nazo zinokuxhotyiswa ngokhuseleko lokwahluka olude.
2) Iitransformer ezingaphantsi kwe-10MVA zinokuxhotyiswa ngokhuseleko lwangoku olukhawulezayo kunye nokhuseleko lwangoku olugqithisileyo. Kwiitransformer ze-2MVA nangaphezulu, xa i-coefficient yangoku yokuguquguquka okukhawulezayo ingahlangabezani neemfuno, kufuneka kufakwe ukhuseleko lokwahluka kwe-longitudinal.
3) 0.4MVA nangaphezulu, i-voltage yokuqala yi-10kV nangaphantsi, kwaye i-coil yi-transformer enonxibelelwano lwe-delta-star, kwaye ukhuseleko lwe-overcurrent olunezigaba ezimbini ze-relay ezintathu lungasetyenziswa.
4) Izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokukhusela ezichazwe kweli nqaku ziya kusebenza ukuze zikhuphe ii-circuit breakers kumacala omabini e-transformer.

01 Umbane wangoku
Xa i-transformer iqala ukusebenza, kwenzeka into ebizwa ngokuba yi-magnetizing inrush. Nangona i-inrush currents ingaphazamisi njenge-fault currents, ixesha le-magnetizing inrush currents lilandelana nemizuzwana (xa kuthelekiswa namaxesha ane-fault currents).

Iitransformer ezintywilisiweyo kwioyile zineempawu zokusasaza ubushushu kakuhle, ukulahleka okuphantsi, amandla amakhulu kunye nexabiso eliphantsi. Okwangoku, uninzi lweetransformer zamandla ezisebenza kwigridi ziitransformer ezintywilisiweyo kwioyile, apho ngaphezulu kwama-80% azo zipholiswa kukujikeleza kweoyile yendalo. Sisakhiwo sokupholisa esisetyenziswa rhoqo ukuseta ipleyiti yesikhokelo kwikhoyili yetransformer yokujikeleza kweoyile yendalo. Eli phepha ligxile ekuhlalutyeni ulwakhiwo, ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kweetransformer zamandla ezintywilisiweyo kwioyile, kwaye ngokukodwa lihlalutya inkqubo yeoyile yeetransformer zamandla ezintywilisiweyo kwioyile, kwaye lihlalutya ngokufutshane iimpazamo zeetransformer zamandla ezintywilisiweyo kwioyile. Ndinethemba lokwandisa ukuqonda kunye nohlalutyo lweetransformer zamandla ezintywilisiweyo kwioyile zelizwe lam.

I-transformer sisixhobo esingashukumiyo esisebenza rhoqo, esithembeke kakhulu xa sisebenza kwaye sinamathuba amancinci okusilela. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni uninzi lwee-transformer zifakwe ngaphandle, kwaye zichaphazeleka ngumthwalo ngexesha lokusebenza kunye nempazamo ye-short-circuit yenkqubo yamandla, iimpazamo ezahlukeneyo kunye neemeko ezingaqhelekanga ngokungenakuphepheka ziyenzeka ngexesha lokusebenza.

Inkqubo yokupholisa ye-power transformer inamacandelo amabini: inkqubo yokupholisa yangaphakathi, eqinisekisa ukuba ubushushu bokujika kunye nombindi wentsimbi buyasasazeka kwindawo ejikelezileyo; inkqubo yokupholisa yangaphandle, eqinisekisa ukuba ubushushu obukwindawo busasazeka ngaphandle kwe-transformer. Ngokobukhulu bomthamo we-transformer, indawo kunye nohlobo lokujikeleza, i-transformer isebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokupholisa.

I-grounding transformer ibizwa ngokuba yi-grounding transformer ngamafutshane. Ngokwe-filling medium, i-grounding transformer inokwahlulwa ibe yi-oyile kunye ne-dry type; Ngokwenani lezigaba, i-grounding transformer inokwahlulwa ibe yi-grounding transformer yesigaba esithathu kunye ne-grounding transformer yesigaba esinye. Umsebenzi we-grounding transformer kukubonelela ngendawo engathathi hlangothi yokwenziwa kwenkqubo ene-underground neutral point, elungele ukusetyenziswa kwe-arc compression coil okanye i-grounding mode encinci yokumelana, ukuze kuncitshiswe i-capacitance current ukuya emhlabeni xa kuthe kwafakwa i-ground short circuit fail kwinethiwekhi yokusasaza kwaye kuphuculwe ukuthembeka kokunikezelwa kwamandla kwenkqubo yokusasaza.

Uhlalutyo lokusebenza okungaqhelekanga kweetransformer
Isandi se-transformer asiqhelekanga


Kwakamsinya nje ukuba i-transformer iqhagamshelwe kumbane, kuya kubakho isandi esirhabaxa, esibangelwa ikakhulu yimpembelelo ye-magnetic flux enamandla aphezulu. Ngexesha lokusebenza okuqhelekileyo, isandi se-transformer siyafana. Xa kukho ezinye iingxolo, kufuneka ufumane unobangela ngononophelo kwaye ujongane nawo.

Ukusebenza ngokuhambelana kwee-transformers kuthetha ukuba ii-windings eziphambili zee-transformers ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ziqhagamshelwe ngaxeshanye kwi-busbar ye-voltage efanayo, kwaye ii-windings zesibini ziqhagamshelwe ngaxeshanye kwi-busbar ye-voltage enye.






Intsingiselo yalo yile: xa itransformer enye ingaphumeleli, ezinye iitransformer ezisebenza ngaxeshanye zisenokuqhubeka nokusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwabasebenzisi ababalulekileyo; okanye xa itransformer kufuneka ilungiswe, itransformer emileyo inokuqhagamshelwa ngaxeshanye, ize emva koko itransformer eza kulungiswa icinywe kwaye ilungiswe. , nto leyo engenakuqinisekisa kuphela ukugcinwa okucwangcisiweyo kwetransformer, kodwa ikwaqinisekisa ukuba umbane awuphazanyiswa kwaye iphucule ukuthembeka kombane.

Kukho izizathu ezibini eziphambili zokuvuza kweoyile yetransformer: kwelinye icala, iingxaki ezishiyekileyo kwinkqubo yoyilo lwetransformer kunye nenkqubo yokwenziwa kwayo; Kwelinye icala, ukuvuza kubangelwa kukufakelwa nokugcinwa kwayo ngendlela engafanelekanga. Iindawo eziphambili zokuvuza zetransformer zihlala zivela kwindawo yokujonga iradiator, isiciko sevalvu yebhabhathane esithe tyaba, isingxobo, ibhotile yeporcelain, i-weld, umngxuma wesanti, iflange kunye nezinye iindawo.

Ukhuseleko lwegesi lolona khuselo luphambili kwiimpazamo zangaphakathi zetransformer. Ingasebenza ngononophelo kwiisekethe ezimfutshane zetransformer eziphakathi kunye neze-inter-layer, iimpazamo zentsimbi, iimpazamo ze-bushing zangaphakathi, ukunqanyulwa kwe-insulation yangaphakathi, ukonakala kwe-insulation kunye nokuwa kwenqanaba leoyile. Xa kukho impazamo ngaphakathi kwetransformer entywilisiweyo kwioyile, i-arc iya kubolisa izinto zokukhusela kwaye ivelise inani elikhulu legesi, eliphuma kwitanki yeoyile ukuya kumqamelo yeoyile, kwaye ubunzulu bayo buyahluka ngokobunzima bempazamo, okubonakalisa ukuhamba komoya kunye nokuhamba kweoyile. Ukhuseleko lwesenzo lubizwa ngokuba lukhuselo lwegesi, olukwabizwa ngokuba lukhuselo lwegesi. Ngexesha lokusebenza kwetransformer, ngenxa yeempazamo zangaphakathi, ngamanye amaxesha asikwazi ukuchonga nokuthatha amanyathelo ngexesha, okulula ukubangela ezinye iingozi. Emva kokukhuselwa kwe-relay yegesi, ukwenzeka kweziganeko ezifanayo kunokuthintelwa ukuya kwinqanaba elithile.