1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye namamodeli e-power transformers
2. 1. Ukuhlukaniswa ngokusetshenziswa
3. (1) I-transformer yesinyathelo: esetshenziswa yisiteshi sikagesi ukudlulisa ugesi ngaphandle.
4. (2) I-transformer ephansi: Isiteshi esincane sehhovisi lokuphakelwa kukagesi sisetshenziselwa ukuguqulwa kwe-voltage.
5. (3) I-transformer yokusabalalisa: esetshenziselwa ukunikeza abasebenzisi amandla.
6. (4) I-transformer yesitshalo: Ihlinzeka ngogesi wangaphakathi wesitshalo sikagesi.
7. (5) I-Transformer yesiteshi: Ihlinzeka ngogesi wangaphakathi wesiteshi esincane.
8. (6) I-transformer yokuguqula: yokudlulisela amandla e-DC, uhlangothi olulodwa luxhunywe kumandla e-AC, kanti uhlangothi olulodwa luxhunywe ku-valve yokuguqula.
9. (7) I-Rectifier transformer: esetshenziswa ezitshalweni zamandla ezishisayo ukuhlinzeka ngamandla kuma-precipitator kagesi.

Lesi sihloko sibala kakhulu izinhlobo ezi-7 zezindlela zokwahlulela amaphutha kanye nokuhlaziywa kwesixazululo somsindo we-transformer wohlobo olomile. Uma kukhona iphutha noma ukushiywa, sicela ukukhombe endaweni yokuphawula.
Ukuhlaziywa kwezinhlobo ezi-7 zezindlela zokwahlulela amaphutha kanye nezixazululo zomsindo we-transformer wohlobo olomile
➢Izinkinga zomsindo wamafeni, ama-casing nezinye izingxenye
➢Izinkinga zokufakwa
➢ Ithonya lendawo yokufaka
➢Inkinga yokudlidliza kwebhuloho lebhasi
➢I-transformer core iyazivuselela ngokwayo.
➢I-Transformer coil self-resonance
➢Inkinga yohlobo lomthwalo

Amadivayisi okuvikela ahambisanayo kufanele afakwe amaphutha okujikeleza okufushane kwezintambo ze-lead ze-transformer, ama-bushing kanye nezinto zangaphakathi, futhi kufanele ahlangabezane nezidingo ezilandelayo:
1) I-transformer esebenza kanye ye-10MVA nangaphezulu kanye ne-transformer esebenza ngokufanayo ye-6.3MVA nangaphezulu kufanele ifakwe isivikelo sokwehluka kwe-longitudinal. Ama-transformer abalulekile ane-6.3MVA nangaphansi asebenza ngokuzimela nawo angafakwa isivikelo sokwehluka kwe-longitudinal.
2) Ama-transformer angaphansi kwe-10MVA angafakelwa isivikelo sokuphuka okusheshayo kwamanje kanye nesivikelo sokukhuphuka komoya. Kuma-transformer e-2MVA nangaphezulu, lapho i-coefficient yokuzwela ukuphuka okusheshayo kwamanje ingahlangabezani nezidingo, kufanele kufakwe isivikelo sokwehluka kwe-longitudinal.
3) 0.4MVA nangaphezulu, i-voltage eyinhloko ingu-10kV nangaphansi, kanti ikhoyili iyi-transformer enoxhumano lwe-delta-star, futhi isivikelo sokushintshashintsha komoya esinohlobo lwe-relay ezintathu esingasetshenziswa.
4) Amadivayisi ahlukahlukene okuvikela achazwe kulesi sihloko azosebenza ukuze anqamule ama-circuit breaker ohlangothini ngalunye lwe-transformer.

01 I-Inrush yamanje
Uma i-transformer iqala ukunikezwa amandla, kwenzeka into ebizwa ngokuthi i-magnetizing inrush. Nakuba ama-inrush currents ngokuvamile engaphazamisi njenge-fault currents, isikhathi sama-magnetizing inrush currents silandelana ngemizuzwana (uma kuqhathaniswa nezikhathi ezine-fault currents).

Ama-transformer acwiliswe ku-oyela anezimpawu zokushabalalisa ukushisa okuhle, ukulahleka okuphansi, amandla amakhulu kanye nentengo ephansi. Njengamanje, iningi lama-transformer kagesi asebenza kugridi angama-transformer acwiliswe ku-oyela, lapho angaphezu kuka-80% apholiswa khona ukujikeleziswa kuka-oyela kwemvelo. Yisakhiwo sokupholisa esivame ukusetshenziswa ukusetha ipuleti eliqondisayo kukhoyili ye-transformer yokujikeleziswa kuka-oyela yemvelo. Leli phepha ligxile ekuhlaziyeni isakhiwo, ukusebenza kanye nokugcinwa kwama-transformer kagesi acwiliswe ku-oyela, futhi lihlaziya ngokukhethekile uhlelo luka-oyela lwama-transformer kagesi acwiliswe ku-oyela, futhi lihlaziya kafushane amaphutha ama-transformer kagesi acwiliswe ku-oyela. Ngiyethemba ukwandisa ukuqonda kanye nokuhlaziywa kwama-transformer kagesi acwiliswe ku-oyela ezweni lami.

I-transformer iyithuluzi elingaguquki elisebenza njalo, elithembekile uma lisebenza futhi linamathuba amancane okwehluleka. Kodwa-ke, njengoba iningi lama-transformer lifakwe ngaphandle, futhi lithintwa umthwalo ngesikhathi sokusebenza kanye nephutha le-short-circuit yesistimu yamandla, amaphutha ahlukahlukene kanye nezimo ezingavamile zenzeka ngokungenakugwenywa ngesikhathi sokusebenza.

Uhlelo lokupholisa lwe-transformer yamandla luqukethe izingxenye ezimbili: uhlelo lokupholisa lwangaphakathi, oluqinisekisa ukuthi ukushisa kwe-winding kanye ne-iron core kuhlakazeka endaweni ezungezile; uhlelo lokupholisa lwangaphandle, oluqinisekisa ukuthi ukushisa okuphakathi kuhlakazeka ngaphandle kwe-transformer. Ngokusho kobukhulu bomthamo we-transformer, indawo kanye nohlobo lokujikeleza, i-transformer isebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene zokupholisa.

I-grounding transformer ibizwa ngokuthi i-grounding transformer ngamafuphi. Ngokusho kwe-filling medium, i-grounding transformer ingahlukaniswa ngohlobo lwamafutha nohlobo olomile; Ngokusho kwenani lezigaba, i-grounding transformer ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-grounding transformer yesigaba esithathu kanye ne-grounding transformer yesigaba esisodwa. Umsebenzi we-grounding transformer ukuhlinzeka ngephuzu elingathathi hlangothi lokwenziwa lesistimu elinephuzu elingathathi hlangothi elingaguquki, elilungele ukusetshenziswa kwe-arc suppression coil noma imodi encane yokuguquguqula ukumelana, ukuze kuncishiswe amandla kagesi emhlabathini uma kwenzeka iphutha le-grounding short circuit kunethiwekhi yokusabalalisa futhi kuthuthukiswe ukuthembeka kokunikezwa kwamandla ohlelweni lokusabalalisa.

Ukuhlaziywa kokusebenza okungajwayelekile kwama-transformer
Umsindo we-transformer awujwayelekile


Lapho nje i-transformer isixhunywe kugesi, kuzoba nomsindo ovunguzayo, obangelwa kakhulu umphumela we-magnetic flux enamandla aphezulu. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuvamile, umsindo we-transformer uyalingana. Uma kuneminye imisindo, kufanele uthole imbangela ngokucophelela bese ubhekana nayo.

Ukusebenza okuhambisanayo kwama-transformer kusho ukuthi ukugoqa okuyinhloko kwama-transformer amabili noma ngaphezulu kuxhunywe ngokuhambisana kubha yebhasi ye-voltage efanayo, kanti ukugoqa kwesibili kuxhunywe ngokuhambisana kubha yebhasi yelinye i-voltage.






Incazelo yalo iwukuthi: lapho i-transformer eyodwa ihluleka, amanye ama-transformer asebenza ngokuhambisana angaqhubeka nokusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwabasebenzisi ababalulekile; noma lapho i-transformer idinga ukulungiswa, i-transformer elindile ingaxhunywa ngokuhambisana, bese i-transformer ezolungiswa ivuliwe futhi ilungiswe. , okungagcini nje ngokuqinisekisa ukulungiswa okuhleliwe kwe-transformer, kodwa futhi nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukunikezwa kwamandla akuphazanyiswa futhi kuthuthukise ukuthembeka kokunikezwa kwamandla.

Kunezimbangela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuvuza kukawoyela we-transformer: ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinkinga ezisele enkambisweni yokuklama nokukhiqiza i-transformer; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuvuza kubangelwa ukufakwa nokugcinwa okungafanele kwe-transformer. Izingxenye eziyinhloko zokuvuza ze-transformer zivame ukuvela esibonakalayo se-radiator, isivalo se-flat butterfly valve, i-sleeve, ibhodlela le-porcelain, i-weld, imbobo yesihlabathi, i-flange nezinye izingxenye.

Ukuvikelwa kwegesi kuyisivikelo esiyinhloko samaphutha angaphakathi e-transformer. Kungasebenza ngozwelo kumasekethe amafushane e-transformer aphakathi kokuphenduka kanye naphakathi kwezingqimba, amaphutha e-iron core, amaphutha e-bushing yangaphakathi, ukunqanyulwa kokugoba kwangaphakathi, ukonakala kokushisa kanye nokwehla kwezinga likawoyela. Uma kwenzeka iphutha ngaphakathi kwe-transformer ecwiliswe uwoyela, i-arc izobola izinto zokuvikela futhi ikhiqize inani elikhulu legesi, eligeleza lisuka ethangini likawoyela liye emcamelweni kawoyela, futhi ukuqina kwalo kuyahlukahluka ngokobukhulu bephutha, okubonisa ukugeleza komoya kanye nokugeleza kukawoyela. Ukuvikelwa kwesenzo kubizwa ngokuthi ukuvikelwa kwegesi, okubizwa nangokuthi ukuvikelwa kwegesi. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-transformer, ngenxa yamaphutha angaphakathi, ngezinye izikhathi asikwazi ukuhlonza nokuthatha izinyathelo ngesikhathi, okulula ukubangela ezinye izingozi. Ngemva kokuvikelwa kwe-relay yegesi, ukwenzeka kwezigameko ezifanayo kungagwenywa ngezinga elithile.